Ucinga ukuba intombi yakho imfutshane kunabanye abantwana? Ngaba ukhathazekile kukuba umzimba wayo awutshintshi njengabanye abantwana abaneminyaka yakhe, nto leyo ethetha ukuba iqala ukufikisa kade? Ngamanye amaxesha unobangela wezi zinto unokuba yimeko esingayivayo kangako, kodwa kubaluleke kakhulu ukuyazi. Namhlanje sithetha ngemeko enjalo, iTurner Syndrome. Ukuqaphela oku kuya kukunceda unike umntwana wakho unonophelo olungcono.
Yintoni i-Turner Syndrome?
Ngamafutshane, imizimba yethu yenziwe ngeeseli ezincinci. Iseli nganye ineplani echaza yonke into ukusuka kwimilo yethu, ubude, kunye nombala wolusu. Le plani siyibiza ngokuba ziichromosomes .
Ngokwesiqhelo, iseli yentombazana inee-23 zee-chromosomes. I-23rd ye-chromosomes echaza isini yi-'X' kunye ne-'X' (XX). Oku kuthetha ukuba intombazana inee-X chromosomes ezimbini. Nangona kunjalo, intombazana ene-Turner syndrome ayinazo zonke okanye inxalenye yazo enye yezi chromosomes zimbini ze-X.
Le yimeko yokuzalwa echaphazela amantombazana kuphela. Ayingabo bonke abantwana abanale meko abafanayo. Nangona kunjalo, kukho iimpawu ezimbini eziphambili eziqhele ukubonwa:
1. Ukuphakama okufutshane
2. Amaqanda angasebenzi kakuhle
Le meko idla ngokuvela kwintsana enye ebhinqileyo kwiintsana ezingama-2,000 okanye ezingama-2,500.
Yintoni unobangela wale meko?
Into yokuqala ekufuneka siyithethe kukuba oku akuyonto ibangelwa ngumama okanye ngutata . Kwenzeka ngengozi. Oko kukuthi, xa umntwana ekhulelwa, kunokubakho umahluko kwiqanda kumama okanye isidoda kutata, okanye kunokubakho utshintsho kwi-chromosome X ngexesha lokukhula komntwana esibelekweni. Abaphandi abakayazi kakuhle into ebangela oku.
Kukho iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili zale meko.
- I-Monosomy X: Oku kukungabikho ngokupheleleyo kwe-chromosome enye ye-X. Olu lolona hlobo lunzima noluneempawu ezininzi.
- I-Mosaic Turner syndrome: Kule meko, ezinye iiseli emzimbeni zine-chromosomes X zombini, kodwa ezinye iiseli zinenye kuphela. Oku kunokubangela iimpawu ezingephi. Ngamanye amaxesha, imeko isenokungabonwa.
Ziziphi iimpawu zomntwana one-Turner syndrome?
Abanye abantwana babonisa iimpawu besebancinci, ngelixa abanye bezibona kuphela xa sele bekhulile. Ngamanye amaxesha iimpawu azibonakali kangako. Ke ngoko, kukho amaxesha apho imeko ifunyanwa nasemva kokuba umntu ekhulile. Masiwahlule la magama abe ngamaqela aliqela.
Ngaba kunokwenzeka ukwazi ngaphambi kokuba umntwana azalwe?
Ewe, ngamanye amaxesha uvavanyo olwenziwe ngexesha lokukhulelwa lunokunika ingcaciso ngale nto.
- Ugqirha usenokurhanela into ethile ngexesha lokuhlolwa kwe-ultrasound: ingxaki yentliziyo yomntwana, iingxaki zezintso, okanye ulwelo oluqokelelene emva kwentamo.
- Uvavanyo lwemfuza: Le meko inokubonwa ngezinye iimvavanyo zemfuza ezenziwa ngexesha lokukhulelwa.
Iimpawu ezibonakala ekuzalweni okanye ngexesha lobuntwana
Ezi mpawu azibonakali ngendlela efanayo kubo bonke abantu, kodwa unokuzibona ezimbalwa.
| Uphawu | Inkcazo nje |
|---|---|
| Utshintsho ezindlebeni | Izinto ezifana neendlebe ezibekwe phantsi kunesiqhelo, iindlebe ezinde, njl. |
| Iinwele ngasemva kwentamo | Ukuqala ngaphantsi komndilili. |
| Imilo yentamo | Inentamo emfutshane nebanzi. Ngamanye amaxesha intamo enentambo ingabonakala kumacala omabini entamo. |
| Isilevu nesifuba | Umhlathi ongezantsi ubonakala umncinci kwaye utshonile ngaphakathi. Isifuba siba banzi kwaye umsantsa phakathi kweengono uyanda. |
| Izandla neenyawo | Iingalo zigobile kancinci ngaphandle engqinibeni, umnwe okanye uzwane olunye lufutshane kunolunye, iinyawo ezisicaba. |
| Izikhonkwane | Ukuncitshiswa kwezikhonkwane ezandleni nasezinyaweni. |
Iimpawu ezibonakala ebuntwaneni, ebusheni, nasebudaleni
Ezi ziimpawu ekufuneka abazali bazinike ingqalelo kakhulu.
- Ukungaphumeleli ekukhuleni: Ukungaphumeleli ekukhuleni ngokukhula. Oku kudla ngokubonakala xa uneminyaka emi-5 ubudala.
- Ukungabikho kokukhula ngokukhawuleza: Ngokwesiqhelo, abantwana baba namaxesha okukhula ngequbuliso kobude njengoko bekhula. Aba bantwana abanawo loo maxesha.
- Ukufikisa okulibazisekileyo okanye okungekhoyo: Le yenye yeempawu eziphambili. Izinto ezifana nokukhula kwamabele kunye nokuya exesheni zinokwenzeka.
- Amanqanaba aphantsi eehomoni: Amanqanaba aphantsi eehomoni zesini ezifana ne-estrogen.
- Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwe-Ovarian Primary: Ama-ovari mancinci kakhulu. Asenokuyeka ukusebenza emva kweminyaka embalwa, okanye asenokungasebenzi kwasekuzalweni.
- Ukungazali: Ngenxa yokuba ama-ovari angasebenzi, akunakwenzeka ukuba nabantwana ngokwendalo.
Khumbula, ayinguye wonke umntwana oza kuba nazo zonke ezi mpawu. Abanye abantwana banokuba neempawu ezininzi, ngelixa abanye banokuba neempawu ezimbalwa kakhulu. Ngoko ke ukuba unenkxalabo ngomntwana wakho, kungcono ukuthetha nogqirha .
Zeziphi ezinye iingxaki zempilo ezinokubangelwa yile meko?
Abantwana abane-Turner syndrome basengozini enkulu yokufumana ezinye iingxaki zempilo, ngoko ke kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba bahlolwe rhoqo ngugqirha kwaye baqaphele oku.
| Inkqubo enengxaki | Iimeko zempilo ezinokwenzeka |
|---|---|
| Intliziyo kunye nemithambo yegazi | Isifo sentliziyo esizalwa naso sinokubakho, ingakumbi iingxaki kwimithambo yegazi ephambili (i-aorta) ethwala igazi emzimbeni. |
| Inkqubo yamathambo | Iimeko ezinje nge-osteoporosis, ukwaphuka kwamathambo ngokulula, kunye ne-scoliosis. |
| Inkqubo yomzimba | Izifo ezizikhusela ngokwazo emzimbeni zinokwenzeka xa inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela izihlasela. Imizekelo: Isifo seCeliac, isifo sikaHashimoto (ingxaki ye-thyroid gland). |
| Iindlebe namehlo | Ukulahlekelwa kukuva, usulelo oluqhelekileyo lwendlebe ephakathi, ukubona okufipheleyo kunye namehlo anqamlezileyo. |
| Izintso | Kunokubakho iingxaki ezithile ngezintso, nto leyo enokubangela usulelo oluqhelekileyo lwendlela yomchamo (UTIs). |
| Ubuchule bokufunda | Nangona ubukrelekrele buhlala bulungile, ezinye iingxaki zokufunda zinokubakho, ingakumbi kwiindawo ezifana nenkumbulo nokuqonda ubudlelwane bendawo (umz., ukuqhuba). |
| Impilo Yengqondo | Ukuphila nale meko kunokubangela iingxaki zengqondo ezifana nokungazithembi, ixhala, kunye nokudakumba. |
Ugqirha uyifumana njani le nto?
I-Turner syndrome inokufunyanwa ngaphambi okanye emva kokuzalwa.
- Ngaphambi kokuzalwa:
- I-NIPT (Uvavanyo lokukhulelwa olungangenisi umhlaza): Uvavanyo olujonga iingxaki zemfuza kumntwana ngokuhlola igazi likamama ngexesha lokukhulelwa.
- Ukuskena: Njengoko bekutshiwo ngaphambili, ukurhanelwa kunokuvela ngokusekelwe kwiimpawu ezibonwe kwiskena.
- I-Amniocentesis kunye ne-CVS: Ezi ziimvavanyo zokuqinisekisa. Zibandakanya ukuthatha isampuli yolwelo lwe-amniotic okanye isiqwenga se-placenta nokwenza uvavanyo lwemfuza. Ezi mvavanyo zichaneke ngokupheleleyo.
- Emva kokuzalwa:
- Uvavanyo lweKaryotyping: Olu lolona vavanyo lubalulekileyo. Uvavanyo lwemfuza olubandakanya ukuthatha igazi elincinci. Oku kunokumisela ngokuchanekileyo ukuba akukho chromosome X.
Zithini iindlela zonyango zoku?
I-Turner syndrome ayisosifo esinokunyangeka ngokupheleleyo. Nangona kunjalo,Kukho unyango oluninzi oluhle olunokulawula iimpawu kwaye luncede umntwana aphile ubomi obuqhelekileyo.
Unyango lusetyenziswa kakhulu ngamahomoni.
- Unyango lwe-human growth hormone: Ezi zi-injection zemihla ngemihla. Oku kunokunceda kakhulu ekwandiseni ubude bomntwana. Ukuba kuqalwe emncinci, kunokunyusa ubude bomntwana ngee-intshi ezimbalwa nje.
- Unyango lwe-estrogen: Oku kubalulekile kubantwana abaninzi abane-Turner syndrome ukuze bafikelele kwiminyaka yokufikisa. Kunceda ekukhuleni kwamabele nakwimijikelo yokuya exesheni. Kukwanceda ukuqinisa amathambo nokuphucula impilo yentliziyo. Olu nyango luhlala luqhubeka de kube lixesha lokuya exesheni.
- Unyango lweProgestin: Oku kuqaliswa emva kweminyaka embalwa emva kokuba kuqaliswe i-estrogen. Oku kunceda ukugcina umjikelo wendalo wokuya exesheni.
Ukongeza kwezi ndlela zonyango, ukuba uneengxaki zempilo ezikhankanyiweyo ngaphambili (intliziyo, izintso), kuya kufuneka ufune unyango kwingcali.
Ndingamnyamekela njani umntwana wam?
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukufumanisa isifo kwaye uqale unyango kwangethuba.
Hlala ujonge ukukhula kwentombi yakho kunye neziganeko ezibalulekileyo. Ukuba ucinga ukuba ayikhuli ngokukhawuleza njengoko ubungathanda, okanye ukuba ibonisa naziphi na iimpawu zomzimba ezingaqhelekanga, thetha nogqirha wakho wosapho ngokukhawuleza .
Izinto ezifana nonyango lweehomoni ziqaliswa ngokukhawuleza, kokukhona iziphumo ziba ngcono. Kwakhona, aba bantwana kufuneka bahlolwe rhoqo ngugqirha.
Ukongeza, oogqirha bacebisa:
- Ukuhlolwa kweengxaki zokufunda: Xa ezi zinto zichongiwe besebancinci, ootitshala banokuboniswana nabo kwaye iindlela zokufundisa zingaziswa kwiimfuno zomntwana.
- Ukufuna uncedo kumcebisi wezempilo yengqondo : Kubaluleke kakhulu ukufuna uncedo kumntu ofana nengcali yezengqondo yabantwana. Oku kunokunika amandla amakhulu okujongana nemiba efana neengxaki zentlalo, ukuzithemba okuphantsi, ixhala, kunye nokudakumba.
Umntwana onesi sifo usenokuba nexesha elifutshane lokuphila kunomntu oqhelekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, ngonyango olufanelekileyo novavanyo, uninzi lunokuphila ubomi obuqhelekileyo nobupheleleyo .
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Turner Syndrome yimeko yemfuza eyenzeka kumantombazana kuphela.
- Asikuko ukuba kukho mntu unetyala, lutshintsho oluzenzekelayo kwimfuza.
- Iimpawu eziphambili kukulahlekelwa bubude kunye nokungaphumeleli kwesibeleko, okunokukhokelela ekufikiseni okulibazisekileyo.
- Nangona ingenakunyangwa ngokupheleleyo, unyango lwehomoni kunye nolunye unyango lunokunceda ukulawula iimpawu kwaye luphile ubomi obuqhelekileyo nobusempilweni.
- Ukuba unenkxalabo malunga nokukhula komntwana wakho okanye ezinye iimpawu, qhagamshelana nogqirha wakho ngokukhawuleza . Ukuxilongwa kwangoko kubaluleke kakhulu ukuze unyango luphumelele.
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