Uyayoyika i-typhoid fever? Masithethe ngayo ngokulula!

Ngaba ubungaziva kakuhle kangangeentsuku ezimbalwa, unomkhuhlane ophezulu kunye nesisu esibuhlungu? Ngaba uziva ngathi awunamdla wokutya okanye intloko ebuhlungu? Ngamaxesha anje, sicinga ukuba ngumkhuhlane oqhelekileyo wentsholongwane. Nangona kunjalo, oku kusenokuba sisiqalo seTyphoid Fever. Ungakhathazeki. Namhlanje, siza kuthetha ngokuba yintoni iTyphoid, indlela ekhula ngayo, kunye nento omawuyenze ngayo ngendlela ecacileyo nelula.

Kalula nje, yintoni i-typhoid fever?

Umkhuhlane weTyphoid lusulelo olubangelwa luhlobo lwebhaktheriya ebizwa ngokuba yi -`Salmonella Typhi (S. Typhi)` . Le bhaktheriya ichaphazela kakhulu amathumbu ethu amancinci (amathumbu). Yiyo loo nto iimpawu ezifana nomkhuhlane ophezulu kunye nokuqaqamba kwesisu zisenzeka. Umkhuhlane weTyphoid ukwabizwa ngokuba yi-enteric fever .

Usenokuba ukhe weva nge-paratyphoid fever. Sisifo esifanayo, kodwa sibangelwa yintsholongwane ebizwa ngokuba yiSalmonella Paratyphi (S. Paratyphi). Iimpawu zayo azibalulekanga kangako kune-typhoid.

Kodwa khumbula into enye: Iintsholongwane ezibangela i-typhoid zahlukile ngokupheleleyo kwiintsholongwane zeSalmonella esizaziyo sonke, ezidla ngokubangela ityhefu yokutya.

Ngubani onokuthi afumane esi sifo?

Umkhuhlane weTyphoid sisifo esixhaphakileyo kumazwe asakhasayo, ingakumbi kwiindawo zasemaphandleni ezineendawo ezingacocekanga kakuhle. Sixhaphake kakhulu eMzantsi Asia (kuquka iSri Lanka, iIndiya, iPakistan, neBangladesh), eMzantsi-mpuma Asia, eAfrika, naseMzantsi Melika.

Abantwana basengozini enkulu yokufumana i-typhoid kunabantu abadala, ngoko ke kufuneka ulumke ngakumbi ukuba unabantwana abancinci ekhayeni lakho.

Zithini iimpawu ze-typhoid?

Uphawu oluphambili lomkhuhlane wetyphoid, njengoko igama lisitsho, ngumkhuhlane ophezulu. Ukuba awunyangwa, lo mkhuhlane unokuhlala iiveki. Uqala ngomkhuhlane ophantsi kwiintsuku zokuqala, uze unyuke kancinci imihla ngemihla. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi "stepwise fever."

Ukongeza kolu phawu luphambili, kukho nezinye iimpawu ezininzi. Masibone ukuba zeziphi.

Esi sifo sisasazeka njani kuthi?

Umkhuhlane weTyphoid usasazeka kakhulu ngokutya ukutya okanye amanzi angcoliswe yintsholongwane ethi `S. Typhi`. Umzekelo, ukuba isigulana seTyphoid siya kwindlu yangasese size silungiselele ukutya ngaphandle kokuhlamba izandla zaso kakuhle, okanye ukuba uchukumisa ukutya okutyayo, le ntsholongwane inokungena emzimbeni wakho.

Kwiindawo ezifana nelizwe lethu, enye yezona ndlela ziphambili zokusasazeka kwesi sifo kukusebenzisa amanzi angcolileyo. Ukuba amanzi angcolileyo axutywe nendle angena kwimithombo yamanzi okusela, ukuba usela loo manzi, okanye ukuba uhlamba imifuno neziqhamo ngaloo manzi, esi sifo sinokusasazeka lula.

Ngaba esi sifo singadluliselwa nokuba akukho zimpawu?

Ewe. Le yeyona nto iyingozi kakhulu nge-typhoid. Abanye abantu banokuqhubeka nokuba nebhaktheriya ethi `S. Typhi` emizimbeni yabo nokuba sele bephilile ngokupheleleyo kwi-typhoid, ngaphandle kweempawu. Sibabiza aba bantu ngokuthi "ngabathwali bexesha elide"Le ntsholongwane ikhutshwa kwindalo esingqongileyo ngendle yaba bantu. Kungoko ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqinisekisa ukuba awosuleli mntu nokuba sele uphilile kwesi sifo.

Kukho amanqanaba amane omkhuhlane wetyphoid.

Ukuba ayinyangwa, i-typhoid fever ingadlulela kwizigaba ezine. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ii-antibiotics ziqalwa kwangethuba , isifo sinokulawulwa ngaphandle kokungena kwezi zigaba.

• Inqanaba loku-1: Iimpawu ziqala ukubonakala phakathi kweentsuku ezi-5 ukuya kwezili-14 emva kokuba intsholongwane ingenile emzimbeni. Uphawu lokuqala ngumkhuhlane okhula imihla ngemihla. Ngeli xesha, iintsholongwane zingena egazini lakho.
• Inqanaba lesi-2: Malunga neveki yesibini yomkhuhlane, iintsholongwane ziqala ukwanda kwiindawo ezibizwa ngokuba ziiPeyer's patches, eziyinxalenye yenkqubo yakho yokuzikhusela komzimba, emathunjini akho. Oku kubangela iimpawu ezifana nokuqaqamba kwesisu, urhudo, okanye ukuqhina. Abanye abantu baphinda babe namabala eentyatyambo akhankanyiweyo ngaphambili.
• Inqanaba lesi-3: Ukuba ayinyangwa, kwiiveki ezintathu emva kokuba iimpawu ziqalile, iintsholongwane zinokubangela umonakalo omkhulu. Iingxaki ezinkulu ezifana nokopha ngaphakathi emathunjini kunye nokudumba kwengqondo (encephalitis) zinokwenzeka.
• Inqanaba lesi-4: Uninzi lwabantu luqala ukuchacha ngeli xesha. Umkhuhlane ophezulu uqala ukuncipha. Nangona kunjalo, nokuba awunazo iimpawu, intsholongwane ye-S. Typhi isenokuhlala kwinyongo yakho. Oku kuthetha ukuba usenokusasaza esi sifo komnye umntu emva kokuba uphilile.

Ugqirha uyifumanisa njani le nto? Luluphi unyango?

Xa usiya kugqirha, uza kukubuza ngeempawu zakho kunye nayo nayiphi na imbali yohambo lwakho lwakutshanje. Emva koko uza kukuxilonga. Ukuba urhanela ukuba une-typhoid, uza kuyalela iimvavanyo ezininzi ukuqinisekisa ukuba unayo.

Uvavanyo lokufumanisa isifo

• Uvavanyo lwegazi: Ukuhlola ubukho bebhaktheriya ethi `S. Typhi` egazini.
• Uvavanyo lwesitulo: Isampulu yesitulo iyavavanywa ukuze kubonwe ukuba kukho iintsholongwane na.
• Uvavanyo lomchamo: Isampulu yomchamo iyahlolwa ukuba ayinayo na intsholongwane.
• Ngamanye amaxesha, unokucelwa ukuba uthathe i-X-ray yesifuba.

Unyango lwe-typhoid

Umkhuhlane weTyphoid unyangwa ngamayeza okubulala iintsholongwane . Ugqirha wakho uza kukumisela eyona antibiotic ifanelekileyo ngokusekwe kuhlobo lwebhaktheriya yeTyphoid onayo kunye nendawo osulele kuyo esi sifo.

Ukuba isifo sibi kakhulu okanye kukho iingxaki, kunokufuneka ulaliswe esibhedlele ukuze ufumane unyango. Ngamanye amaxesha, ukongeza kwii-antibiotics, ii-steroids ezifana ne-dexamethasone zinokunikwa.

Ukumelana nama-Antibiotic

Le yingxaki enkulu yezempilo namhlanje. Ezinye iintlobo zebhaktiriya ze-`S. Typhi` ziye zamelana nezinye zee-antibiotics esizisebenzisayo. Oku kuthetha ukuba iibhaktiriya aziyi kufa nokuba uthatha elo yeza. Le meko siyibiza ngokuba kukumelana nee-antibiotics . Ezinye iintlobo ze-typhoid (XDR typhoid) ziyamelana namayeza amaninzi. Yingakho kubaluleke kakhulu ukufumana isitofu sokuzikhusela kwi-typhoid.

Ungayiphepha njani i-typhoid?

Eyona ndlela ilungileyo neyona ibalulekileyo yokuzikhusela kwi-typhoid fever kukugonywa . Ukuba uhlala kwindawo apho i-typhoid ixhaphake khona, okanye ukuba uya kwenye, licebo elihle ukugonywa. Kukho ii-vaccine zomlomo nezokufakwa kwi-topic.

Ukongeza, kubalulekile ukuphepha ukutya neziselo ezingacocekanga.

• Ukuba uyagula, musa ukulungiselela abanye ukutya .
• Hlamba izandla zakho kakuhle ngesepha phambi nasemva kokulungisa ukutya, ngaphambi kokutya, nasemva kokusebenzisa indlu yangasese.
• Hlamba izitya zokulungiselela ukutya kakuhle uze uzigcine zicocekile.
• Ukuba utyela ngaphandle, khetha ukutya okuphekiweyo kakuhle, okushushu okanye ukutya okupakishwe kakuhle kangangoko unako.
• Musa ukusela amanzi asuka kwimithombo engaziwayo . Sela amanzi abilisiwe okanye asemabhotileni kuphela.

Ufanele uye nini kugqirha ngoko nangoko?

Ukuba uhlala kwindawo apho i-typhoid ixhaphake khona okanye usandul’ ukuhamba kwaye uneempawu ze-typhoid, ezinje ngomkhuhlane kunye nentlungu yesisu, bona ugqirha ngokukhawuleza . Okukhona uqala unyango ngokukhawuleza, kokukhona unokuchacha ngokukhawuleza kwaye uphephe iingxaki ezinkulu.

Ukuba unezi mpawu zilandelayo eziqatha, yiya kwi-ETU yesibhedlele (iYunithi yoNyango oluNgxamisekileyo) ngoko nangoko.

• Umkhuhlane ophezulu kakhulu.
• Igazi elikwisitulo okanye isitulo esimnyama esimnyama.
• Intlungu yesisu enzima kakhulu.
• Ukopha xa ukhohlela okanye uhlanza.
• Iimpawu ze-neurological ezifana nokudideka, ukulahlekelwa yinkumbulo, okanye ukuxhuzula.

Ukuqukumbela, i-typhoid ayisosifo esoyikwayo, kodwa ayisosifo esifanele sithathwe lula . Esi sifo sinokunyangwa ngokupheleleyo ngonyango olufanelekileyo kunye nococeko oluhle.