Ngaba wakha wanyathela isikhonkwane esinomhlwa waza wacinga, 'Hayi bo, kuza kufuneka ndifumane inaliti ye-tetanus ngoku'? Okanye wakha wacinga, 'Oku akuyi kuba buhlungu' xa ufumana ukwenzakala okuncinci? Uninzi lwethu luye lweva nge-tetanus, kodwa asazi ngokwenene ukuba imbi kangakanani. I-Tetanus, okanye njengoko isaziwa ngokwezonyango, yimeko eyingozi kakhulu kunokuba unokucinga. Namhlanje, siza kuthetha ngayo ngendlela elula neqondakala lula.
Yintoni kanye kanye i-tetanus?
Ngamafutshane, i-tetanus sisifo esiyingozi esichaphazela inkqubo yethu yemithambo-luvo. Sivela xa ityhefu eveliswa yibhaktiriya ebizwa ngokuba yi -'Clostridium tetani' ingena emzimbeni wethu. Iispores zale bhaktiriya zinokufumaneka phantse naphi na kwindawo esingqongileyo. Zixhaphake kakhulu emhlabeni, eluthulini, nakwindle yezilwanyana . Iindawo apho kukho izinto ezindala zesinyithi ezifana nezipikili ezirhabaxa zinethuba eliphezulu lokugcina le bhaktiriya kuba kukho uthuli nothuli.
Ingcamango ephosakeleyo eqhelekileyo kukuba umhlwa ubangela amadyungudyungu. Enyanisweni, amadyungudyungu awabangelwa ngumhlwa, kodwa ziibhaktheriya ezikwindawo engcolileyo okanye emdaka ezinokuthi zinamathele kwizixhobo ezidyungudyungu.
Xa ezi ntsholongwane zingena emzimbeni wakho ngenxeba elinzulu eluswini lwakho, ziqala ukukhula kwindawo engenaoksijini ininzi. Emva koko zivelisa ityhefu eyingozi ebizwa ngokuba yi-'tetanospasmin.' Le tyhefu ihamba ngegazi ize inamathele kwiziphelo zemithambo-luvo yethu, iye kwi-spinal cord. Apho, ivala imiqondiso exelela izihlunu zethu ukuba ziphumle. Ngenxa yoko, izihlunu ziyaqina, amathambo omhlathi anamathelene, kwaye kwenzeka imeko ebizwa ngokuba yi -'lockjaw' .
Le yimeko enzima kakhulu. Nokuba unyango lukwigumbi lokunyamekela abantu abagula kakhulu esibhedlele sanamhlanje, phakathi kwe-10% kunye ne-20% yabo banentsholongwane banokufa. Ngoko ke oku akuyonto ithathwa lula.
Ingaphuhla njani irhashalala?
Iintsholongwane zeClostridium tetani zinokubangela i-tetanus ukuba zingena emzimbeni ngenxeba. Makhe sijonge iindlela ezenzeka ngazo oku kwitheyibhile engasezantsi.
| Uhlobo lokulimala | Imizekelo kunye neenkcazo |
|---|---|
| Amanxeba Okubhoboza | Amanxeba anzulu angena eluswini ngenxa yezinto ezifana nezikhonkwane, ameva, okanye iziqwenga zomthi ezibukhali. |
| Amanxeba amdaka | Amanxeba angcoliswe ngumhlaba, ilindle lezilwanyana, amathe, njl. |
| Amanxeba anezicwili ezifileyo | Ukutsha kakhulu, iqabaka. |
| Ezinye izizathu | Iinaliti ezingcolileyo ezisetyenziselwa ukujova amayeza, utyando olwenziwe kusetyenziswa izixhobo ezingcolileyo, ukulunywa zizilwanyana, kunye nokulunywa zizinambuzane (ezingaqhelekanga). |
Into ebalulekileyo kukuba, ukuba awukafumani igonyo lakho le-measles ngokufanelekileyo, usengozini yokwenzakala kwezi zinto.
Kukho amaqela aliqela asengozini enkulu:
- Abantu abafaka iziyobisi ngenaliti.
- Abantu abaneenkqubo zomzimba ezibuthathaka (umz. abo bafumana unyango lwe-chemotherapy ngenxa yomhlaza).
- Abantu abaneswekile.
- Abantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-70 ubudala (njengoko amandla omzimba okulwa nesitofu esinokuncipha ngokuhamba kwexesha).
Zithini iimpawu zokuphuphuma kwesisu?
Iimpawu zinokubonakala phakathi kweentsuku ezi-3 ukuya kwezingama-21 emva kokosulelwa yiflu. Ngokuqhelekileyo kuthatha malunga neentsuku ezi-8. Uphawu lokuqala kukutshixa. Oku kuthetha ukuba umlomo awunakuvulwa. Emva koko iimpawu zisasazeka kancinci emzimbeni wonke.
| Iimpawu eziphambili |
|---|
| Ukutshixa umhlathi (ukutshixa umhlathi). |
| Ubunzima bokuginya. |
| Ukuqina kwemisipha okubuhlungu emzimbeni wonke. |
| Ukuqaqamba kwemisipha okuqatha ngequbuliso. |
| Intloko ebuhlungu, umkhuhlane, kunye nokubila okugqithisileyo. |
| Utshintsho kuxinzelelo lwegazi kunye nesantya sentliziyo. |
| Kwiimeko ezinzima, ukuxhuzula kunokwenzeka. |
Zinjani iiMuscle Spasms?
Le yenye yezona mpawu zinzima nezibuhlungu zokuxhuzula. Khawuthelekelele, ukuva isandi esincinci, umntu ochukumisa umzimba wakho, okanye ukukhanyisa isibane kunokubangela ezi ntlungu zemisipha. Ngeli xesha, intamo yakho nomqolo wakho zigoba umva njengesaphetha, imilenze yakho iqonde kwaye iqine, kwaye iingalo zakho zibambene zibe ngamanqindi. Le meko inokuhlala imizuzu eliqela, kwaye ungakufumanisa kunzima ukuphefumla ngeli xesha.
Ukuba unayo nayiphi na kwezi mpawu, kubalulekile ukuya kwiYunithi yoNyango oluNgxamisekileyo (ETU) yesibhedlele ngoko nangoko.
Iphathwa njani?
Akukho vavanyo lwegazi lukhethekileyo olucwangcisiweyo lokufumanisa imasisi. Ugqirha uza kuyixilonga le sifo ngokuphonononga iimpawu zakho, iinkcukacha zokwenzakala, kunye nembali yokugonywa.
Unyango lwe-eclampsia ludla ngokufuna ukuhlala esibhedlele, rhoqo kwiyunithi yokhathalelo olunzulu (ICU) . Kukho iindlela ezininzi zonyango eziphambili:
- Ukunyanga inxeba: Into yokuqala ekufuneka yenziwe kukucoca inxeba kakuhle nokususa naziphi na izicwili ezifileyo kunye nayo nayiphi na into yangaphandle enxebeni. Oku kukuthintela iintsholongwane ukuba zingaqhubeki zikhula.
- Isitofu sokugonya seTetanus Immune Globulin (TIG): Esi sisixhobo sokukhusela iintsholongwane ngokukhawuleza ukutshabalalisa ityhefu yetetanus ejikeleza emzimbeni.
- Ii-antibiotics: Ii-antibiotics ezifana neMetronidazole zinikwa ukubulala intsholongwane iClostridium tetani.
- Amayeza okulawula ukuqaqamba kwemisipha: Ukuqaqamba kwemisipha okubuhlungu kulawulwa ngokunika amayeza okuthomalalisa anjenge-'Diazepam'.
- Ukhathalelo oluxhasayo: Ukuba isigulana sinengxaki yokuphefumla ngokwaso, kubonelelwa ngoncedo loomatshini. Ekubeni singenakukwazi ukuginya ukutya, kufakwa ityhubhu ngempumlo kwaye kubonelelwa ngesondlo esiphakamileyo. Isigulana sijongwa ngokusondeleyo liqela lezonyango de siphile ngokupheleleyo.
Ukuthintela yeyona nto ilungileyo - gonyelwa!
Eyona nto ilungileyo nge-measles kukuba ingathintelwa ngokupheleleyo nge-vaccine.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba, musa ukucinga ukuba ngenxa yokuba sele une-chickenpox kanye, awuyi kuphinda uyifumane. Nokuba uphilile kwesi sifo, umzimba wakho awukhuli amandla okuzikhusela angapheliyo. Ngoko ke, kufuneka uphinde ugonywe nokuba sele uphilile.
Kwilizwe lethu, abantwana banikwa isitofu se-'DTaP' (i-diphtheria, i-pertussis, kunye ne-whooping cough) besebancinci. Kodwa loo mandla okuzikhusela awahlali ubomi bonke. Ngoko ke, njengomntu omdala, kufuneka ukhumbule ezi zinto:
- Fumana inaliti yokunyusa i-measles rhoqo emva kweminyaka eli-10 .
- Ukuba unenxeba elinzulu okanye elingcolileyo, kwaye sele kudlule iminyaka engaphezu kwemi-5 ukusukela oko wagonywa okokugqibela (okanye awukhumbuli ukuba nini) , bona ugqirha ngoko nangoko uze ufumane inaliti yokunyusa.
Ukuba unamathandabuzo ngale nto, musa ukucinga ukuba ukwenzakala kuncinci. Bona ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko ukuze ufumane ingcebiso.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Tetanus sisifo esibi kakhulu esichaphazela inkqubo yemithambo-luvo kwaye asibangelwa kukugqwala, kodwa sibangelwa yibhaktheriya efumaneka emhlabeni naluthulini.
- Ukurhawuzelela kunye nokuqaqamba okukhulu kwemisipha zezona mpawu ziphambili , kwaye oku kunokukhokelela ekufeni .
- Ukulaliswa esibhedlele kuyimfuneko ukuze ufumane unyango, kwaye yinkqubo enzima.
- Eyona ndlela ilungileyo yokuthintela esi sifo kukufumana inaliti yokunyusa isidoda rhoqo emva kweminyaka eli-10.
- Ukuba unezilonda ezinzulu nezingcolileyo, ungaze uzityeshele kwaye ubone ugqirha ngokukhawuleza ukuze ajonge iigonyo zakho.
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