Intliziyo yethu sisitho esisebenza njengepompo emangalisayo. Ngaphakathi kule mpompi, kukho amasango amancinci anceda ukuhamba kwegazi kwicala elinye kuphela. Sibiza ezi valve zentliziyo. Khawucinge ukuba kwenzeka ntoni ukuba elinye lala masango alivuleki kakuhle, livalekile, okanye linciphile? Emva koko intliziyo kufuneka isebenze nzima kakhulu ukupompa igazi. Sibiza oku ngokuba yi-condition stenosis. Ngoko ke namhlanje sithetha ngendlela yonyango engenzima kangako yokwenza ivalvu enjalo ivalekile isebenze kakuhle kwakhona, oko kukuthi, ukwenza ukuvulwa kwayo kube kukhulu.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni i-valvuloplasty?
I-Valvuloplasty yinkqubo eqhelekileyo esetyenziselwa ukwandisa ukuvulwa kwevalvu yentliziyo enciphileyo okanye evalekileyo. Kulula kakhulu. Ugqirha wakho uza kusebenzisa ityhubhu encinci, encinci ebizwa ngokuba yi-catheter. Isiphelo sale tyhubhu sinebhaluni encinci eqhotyoshelwe kuyo.
Oku kukwabizwa ngokuba yiBalloon Valvuloplasty . Ngoko ke, le tube imile okwebhaluni idluliselwa kwenye yemithambo yegazi yakho iye kwivalvu encitshisiweyo entliziyweni yakho. Emva koko, xa ibhaluni ivuthelwe umoya, ivula ivalvu encitshisiweyo ize yenze ibe nkulu. Xa inkqubo igqityiwe, ibhaluni iyaphuma kwaye ityhubhu isuswe. Kulula kakhulu, akunjalo?
Ngamanye amaxesha oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-"valvotomy." Nangona kunjalo, elo gama ngamanye amaxesha lisetyenziswa kule nkqubo yebhaluni kunye notyando lokwandisa ivalvu kusetyenziswa utyando lwentliziyo evulekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, kwi-"valvuloplasty" esithetha ngayo namhlanje, akukho kusikwa kukhulu kwenziwayo.
Zeziphi iimeko olu nyango lusetyenziselwa zona?
Olu nyango lusetyenziswa kakhulu ukwandisa ivalvu yentliziyo enciphileyo (stenosis). Oku kungenziwa nakweyiphi na kwiivalvu ezine eziphambili entliziyweni yethu. Nangona kunjalo, olu nyango lusetyenziswa kakhulu ekunciphiseni ivalvu ye-mitral kunye nevalvu ye-aortic .
Cinga ngale ndlela. Ngamanye amaxesha oku kwenziwa njengesisombululo sexeshana. Oko kukuthi, emva kolu nyango, unokufumana isiqabu okwethutyana, uze kamva kufuneke wenze utyando lokufakelwa ivalvu entsha (ukutshintshwa kweValve).
Into ebalulekileyo kukuba i-valvuloplasty ayilotyando olutsha lwevalvu yentliziyo. Ilungisa nje ivalvu ekhoyo kwaye yandise ukuvuleka kwayo.
Ndingazilungiselela njani ngaphambi konyango?
Ugqirha wakho uza kukunika imiyalelo ecacileyo yendlela yokulungiselela oku. Ngokwesiqhelo, kuya kufuneka wenze oku kulandelayo:
- Musa ukutya okanye ukusela nantoni na ukususela ngobusuku bangaphambi konyango (ukuzila ukutya).
- Ukuba uthatha amayeza okunciphisa igazi (i-anticoagulants), kuya kufuneka uyeke ukuwasebenzisa okwethutyana, njengoko ugqirha wakho ekuxelela.
- Susa izacholo zesinyithi kunye neewotshi uze uzishiye ekhaya.
Xa usiya esibhedlele, iqela lezonyango liza kukunika i-sedative (i-anesthesia) ukuze ikuncede uphumle. Uninzi lwexesha, uza kube uvukile ngeli xesha lonyango, kodwa awuyi kuva ntlungu.
Kwenzeka ntoni ngexesha lonyango?
Le nkqubo ye-balloon valvuloplasty yenziwa yingcali yentliziyo. Idla ngokuthatha malunga neyure okanye ngaphezulu kancinci. Makhe sijonge okwenzekayo ngeli xesha le nkqubo.
| Amanyathelo | Ingcaciso elula yoko kwenzekayo |
|---|---|
| 1. Ukufaka ityhubhu | Ugqirha ufaka ityhubhu encinci ebizwa ngokuba yisheath kwimithambo yegazi emikhulu emqolo wakho, engalweni, okanye egxalabeni. |
| 2. Ukuthumela i-catheter | Ngaphakathi kuloo mbhobho, i-catheter enembhobho ekupheleni idluliselwa ngononophelo emthanjeni wegazi iye entliziyweni. |
| 3. Ukunyamekela indlela | Ukuze ubone ngokucacileyo indlela yale tube edlula kwimithambo yegazi, kufakwa uhlobo oluthile 'lwedayi engafaniyo'. Le dayi yenza ukuba ingaphakathi lemithambo yegazi libonakale xa lijongwa ngomatshini ofana ne-X-ray. |
| 4. Ukunyuka kwebhaluni | Xa i-catheter ifika kwindawo eyiyo kanye ivalvu evalekileyo, ibhaluni ifuthwa ngumoya, ovula ivalvu evalekileyo kwaye uyivule. |
| 5. Ukususa ityhubhu | Nje ukuba ivalvu ivuleke, ibhaluni iyaphuma kwaye i-catheter kunye nebhaluni zisuswe ngononophelo. |
| 6. Ukuvala inxeba | Indawo apho ityhubhu ifakwe khona ivalwa nge-stitch encinci okanye uhlobo oluthile lweglue yotyando. |
Ngamanye amaxesha, ukuba kukho umngcipheko wokopha okanye ukuba kufuneka ulinde de amayeza okunciphisa igazi aphele, ityhubhu yokuqala efakiweyo, ebizwa ngokuba 'yi-sheath', ishiywa endaweni yayo kangangeeyure ezintandathu ize isuswe.
Ziziphi iingenelo kunye neengozi zale ndlela yonyango?
Njengakwezinye iindlela zonyango, kukho iingenelo kunye neengozi. Ugqirha wakho uza kukuchazela ezi zinto ngokwemeko yakho yempilo.
| Iinzuzo | Iingozi ezinokubakho |
|---|---|
| Ukujikeleza kwegazi kuyaphucuka kwaye intliziyo ayinamsebenzi mkhulu wokupompa igazi. | Ukunganyamezelani nedayi. |
| Kunokwenzeka ukulibazisa okanye ukuphepha utyando lokutshintshwa kwevalvu. | Ukuvela kweemeko ezisulelayo. |
| Ungaphila ngokukhawuleza kunokuba utyando lwentliziyo luvulelekile. | Ukopha. |
| Ayishiyi silonda sikhulu emzimbeni. | Ukonakala komthambo wegazi okanye intliziyo. |
| Umngcipheko weengxaki uphantsi. | Ukuvuza okuvela kwivalvu. |
| Intlungu incinci kakhulu. | Emva koko ivalvu iyancipha kwakhona. |
| Ukuphazamiseka kwentliziyo. | |
| Uhlaselo lwentliziyo okanye isifo sohlangothi (kunqabile kakhulu) |
Kwenzeka ntoni emva konyango?
Xa unyango lugqityiwe, uza kudluliselwa kwindawo yokuchacha. Ibhandeji iza kufakwa apho kufakwe khona i-catheter.
- Ukuba i-catheter ifakwe ngaphakathi kwe-groin, kuya kufuneka ugcine umlenze wakho uthe tye kangangeeyure ezininzi. Ngokwesiqhelo kuya kufuneka uhlale ebhedini iiyure ezimbini ukuya kwezintandathu.
- Uza kuxelelwa ukuba usele amanzi amaninzi . Oku kuya kunceda ukukhupha idayi eyayifakwe emzimbeni wakho ngomchamo wakho.
- Ukuba ufuna ukuchama xa usebhedini, kuya kufuneka usebenzise isixhobo esikhethekileyo (umchamo/ipani yokulala) ukuze wenze njalo.
- Emva kweeyure ezimbalwa uza kukwazi ukuvuka uhambe.
- Uninzi lwabantu luyakwazi ukuya ekhaya ngosuku olulandelayo .
Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuchacha?
Oku kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi, njengempilo yakho ngokubanzi kunye nemeko yentliziyo yakho.
- Ufanele uphephe imisebenzi enzima efana nokusebenza nokudada kangangeentsuku ezintlanu ukuya kwezisixhenxe .
- Uninzi lwabantu lunokubuyela emsebenzini emva kweveki . Nangona kunjalo, ukuba umsebenzi wakho ufuna ukuzilolonga, ugqirha wakho unokukucebisa ukuba uphumle ithutyana.
- Kungathatha malunga neeveki ezisi-8 ukubuyela kubomi bakho besiqhelo.
- Uza kucelwa ukuba ubuye ukuze uhlolwe emva kweenyanga ezi-3-6 emva konyango. Emva koko, kufuneka ubone ugqirha rhoqo kanye ngonyaka.
Ndifanele ndimfowunele nini ugqirha?
Xa ubuyela ekhaya emva konyango, nikela ingqalelo engakumbi emzimbeni wakho. Ukuba ufumana naziphi na kwezi mpawu zilandelayo, musa ukulibazisa kwaye uqhagamshelane nogqirha wakho ngoko nangoko.
| Iimpawu zengxamiseko ekufuneka uziqaphele | |
|---|---|
| - Iintlungu zesifuba | - Ukuziva ubanda kwaye unomkhuhlane |
| - Ukuquleka / Ukungakwazi ukunxibelelana | - Ulwelo okanye ukopha kwindawo yokufaka |
| - Isicaphucaphu okanye ukuhlanza | - Ukwanda kwentlungu okanye ukudumba |
| - Ukunyuka kobunzima obungaphezulu kwe-1.5 kg (3 lbs) ngosuku olunye (oku kungaba luphawu lokugcinwa kolwelo) | |
Xa kufikwa kutyando lwentliziyo, kuyinto eqhelekileyo ukuziva unexhala kancinci, nokuba ayilotyando oluvulelekileyo. I-Valvuloplasty yindlela entle yokulibazisa isidingo sevalvu entsha. Kodwa ayilonyango oluhambelanayo konke konke. Ukuba unemibuzo malunga nenkqubo yebhaluni, ungathandabuzi ukubuza ugqirha wakho.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Valvuloplasty yinkqubo elula, engangenisi ntsholongwane eyandisa ivalvu yentliziyo encitshisiweyo kusetyenziswa ibhaluni.
- Oku akubhekiselele ekufakeni ivalvu entsha, kodwa kukulungisa ivalvu ekhoyo.
- Iingenelo eziphambili kukukhawuleza kokuphila, iintlungu ezincinci, kunye namanxeba amancinci njengotyando lwentliziyo oluvulekileyo.
- Ukuba ufumana iimpawu ezifana neentlungu zesifuba, umkhuhlane, okanye ukudumba okugqithisileyo emva konyango, yazisa ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko.
- Thetha ngokukhululekileyo nogqirha wakho wentliziyo malunga nokuba olu nyango lukulungele na kwaye zithini izibonelelo kunye neengozi zalo.
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