Utyando kwimithambo yakho yegazi? Masithethe ngotyando lwemithambo yegazi!

Cinga ngenethiwekhi yemithambo yegazi emizimbeni yethu njengeendlela ezijikeleze isixeko. Kukule ndlela apho igazi lihamba khona lisuka entliziyweni yethu liye kuzo zonke iikona zomzimba wethu. Ngoko ke kwenzeka ntoni ukuba kukho ukuvaleka, ukuqhekeka, ukuqhekeka, okanye enye ingxaki kwezi ndlela? Izithuthi zonke ziyaphazamiseka, akunjalo? Ngokufanayo, xa kukho ingxaki ngemithambo yegazi yethu, sibiza nje utyando olukhethekileyo olwenziwayo ukuze lunyangwe `(Utyando lweMithambo)`.

Ngamafutshane, yintoni 'utyando lwemithambo yegazi'?

Utyando lweMithambo ligama eliqhelekileyo lotyando kunye nonyango olubandakanya imithambo yegazi (imithambo yegazi, imithambo yegazi, kunye nee-capillaries) emzimbeni wethu. Yile nethiwekhi yemithambo yegazi ethwala igazi ukusuka entliziyweni yethu ukuya kuzo zonke ezinye izitho zomzimba kunye nezicubu zomzimba, kwaye ibuyisele igazi entliziyweni.

Le mithambo yegazi inokonakala ziimeko ezahlukeneyo zonyango. Ngamanye amaxesha ezi meko zinokulawulwa ngokutshintsha indlela yokuphila kunye namayeza. Nangona kunjalo, kwezinye iimeko, unokufuna utyando ukuze uthintele ingxaki ukuba ingabi mandundu.

Olu tyando lubandakanya ikakhulu:

• Ukulungisa umonakalo kwimithambo yegazi.
• Ukunciphisa umngcipheko weengxaki ezinkulu ezinokubakho ngenxa yezi meko.
• Ukudala ukufikelela kwimithambo yegazi ukuze kube lula unyango lwezonyango olufana ne-dialysis kwizigulana zezintso.

Kuphantsi kweziphi iimeko apho kufuneka khona 'utyando lwemithambo yegazi'?

Ukuba unenye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi meko zilandelayo, unokufuna utyando lwemithambo yegazi. Isigqibo esifanelekileyo ngale nto senziwe ngugqirha wakho.

Olu tyando lunokuba yimfuneko kwezinye izifo ezininzi ezifana nale. Ugqirha wakho uza kuyihlola ngononophelo imeko yakho aze agqibe kwelokuba ingaba utyando luyimfuneko kunye namayeza.

Ziziphi iintlobo eziphambili zotyando?

Kukho iintlobo ngeentlobo zotyando kunye neenkqubo zokunyanga iingxaki zemithambo yegazi. Uhlobo lotyando olufunekayo luya kuxhomekeka kwimeko yakho. Makhe sithethe ngezinye zezona ntlobo ziphambili.

1. Ukulungiswa kwe-Aortic Aneurysm

Ukuba umthambo wegazi omkhulu emzimbeni wethu (i-aorta) uba buthathaka kwaye uvuvukala njengebhaluni, kufuneka ulungiswe ngaphambi kokuba uqhume. Olu lutyando olwenzelwa loo nto.

• Utyando lwe-Open Aneurysm: Oku kuquka ukwenza i-incision esifubeni okanye esiswini, ukususa umthambo wegazi owonakeleyo, uze uwufake endaweni yawo umbhobho wokwenziwa (i-graft).
• Ukulungiswa kwe-Endovascular Aneurysm (EVAR): Oku kubandakanya utyando oluncinci. Kwenziwa umngxuma omncinci eluswini, kufakwa ityhubhu ye-wire mesh ebizwa ngokuba yi-stent graft ngomngxuma, kwaye igazi lihamba ngetyhubhu entsha.
• Ukulungiswa kwe-Thoracic Endovascular Aneurysm (TEVAR): Oku kufana ne-`(EVAR)`, kodwa kwenziwa kwi-aneurysms kwi-aorta kwindawo yesifuba.

2. Unyango lweSifo seMitha yoMthambo oPheleleyo (i-PAD)

I-PAD yimeko apho i-plaque iqokelelana kwimithambo yegazi ethwala igazi iye emilenzeni nasezingalweni. Oku kunokubangela iimpawu ezifana nentlungu emilenzeni xa uhamba.

• I-Angioplasty kunye ne-Stenting:Kule meko, kufakwa ibhaluni encinci kumthambo wegazi ovalekileyo ize ivuthelwe ukuze iwandise umthambo. Emva koko, kufakwa i-"stent" encinci yocingo ngaphakathi ukuze ingabi savalwa kwakhona. Kufana nokucoca umbhobho wamanzi ovalekileyo uze ufake umbhobho omncinci ngaphakathi ukuze ingabi savalwa kwakhona.
• Utyando lwe-atherectomy: Oku kuquka ukusebenzisa incakuba encinci ekupheleni kwe-catheter (ityhubhu encinci) ukukrazula amafutha aqokelelene eludongeni lwemithambo yegazi.
• Utyando lwe-Peripheral Artery Bypass: Oku kuquka ukuvula umthambo wegazi ovalekileyo nokudala indlela entsha yokuba igazi lihambe. Oku kuquka ukusebenzisa omnye umthambo wegazi ophilileyo ngaphakathi emzimbeni okanye ityhubhu yokwenziwa. Kufana nokwakha indlela yokudlula izithuthi endleleni.

3. Unyango lweengxaki zeCarotid Artery (umthambo wentamo)

Isifo semithambo ye-carotid sisifo apho amafutha aqokelelwa kwimithambo ephambili entanyeni ehambisa igazi ebuchotsheni bethu. Oku kunokukhokelela kwiimeko eziyingozi ezifana nestroke.

• I-Carotid Angioplasty kunye ne-Stenting: Njengoko bekutshiwo ngaphambili, oku kubandakanya ukwandisa le mithambo ngebhaluni kunye ne-stent.
• Utyando lweCarotid Endarterectomy: Kule meko, kwenziwa umngxuma omncinci entanyeni, umthambo uyavulwa, kususwe umaleko onamafutha ngaphakathi, kwaye umthambo uthungwa ndawonye.

4. Unyango lwezifo zemithambo yegazi

Igazi elingcolileyo emzimbeni wethu libuyiselwa entliziyweni ngemithambo. Imithambo, ingakumbi emilenzeni, ineevalvu ezinceda ukupompa igazi liye phezulu. Xa ezi valve zibuthathaka, igazi liyaqokelelana emilenzeni, nto leyo ebangela iimeko ezifana ne-"Varicose veins".

• Indawo Yesihluzo seVena Cava: Kubantu abaneemeko ezifana ne-deep vein thrombosis (DVT), isihluzo esincinci sifakwa ngaphakathi komthambo omkhulu ukuze kuthintelwe amahlwili egazi ukuba angahambi aye entliziyweni okanye emiphungeni.
• Ukubopha imithambo kunye nokukrazula: Kule meko, imithambo enesifo (imithambo ye-varicose) iyasikwa ize isuswe ngotyando.
• I-Endovenous Thermal Ablation: Ngokusebenzisa imisebe yelaser okanye amaza erediyo asebenza rhoqo, umthambo onesifo uyacinywa ngaphakathi uze uvalwe ngaphandle kokwenza umngxuma omkhulu.
• Unyango lweSclerotherapy: Oku kuquka ukufaka isicombululo seekhemikhali ukuvala imithambo emincinci evalekileyo kunye nemithambo yesigcawu.

Kwenzeka ntoni ngaphambi kotyando?

Ugqirha wakho uza kukuxilonga ngononophelo ngaphambi kokuba atyandwe.

• Imbali yezonyango: Thetha ngeempawu zakho, izifo zangaphambili, amayeza owasebenzisayo, kunye nazo naziphi na izinto ezibangela ukuba ungabi namdla.
• Uvavanyo:Kuza kuyalelwa iimvavanyo ezahlukeneyo ezifunekayo kutyando. Umzekelo, iimvavanyo ezifana ne-`(Angiogram)`, `(Doppler ultrasound)`, `(Echocardiogram - echo)`, `(Electrocardiogram - EKG)`.
• Ukulungiselela kwakho: Kukho izinto ezimbalwa onokuzenza ngaphambi kotyando.
• Ugqirha uza kukubuza ukuba kufuneka uyeke na ukusebenzisa amayeza owasebenzisa rhoqo.
• Uza kucelwa ukuba uyeke ukutya nokusela ngobusuku bangaphambi kotyando.
• Ukuba uyatshaya, uyacetyiswa ukuba uyeke. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela le miyalelo ngokuchanekileyo.

Iindlela ezimbini zotyando: I-Open kunye ne-Endovascular

Uninzi lotyando lwemithambo yegazi lwenziwa ngeendlela ezimbini eziphambili. Ugqirha wakho uza kukuchazela ukuba loluphi uhlobo lwendlela olusetyenziswayo kuwe.

Kwenzeka ntoni emva kotyando? Kwaye zithini iingozi?

Okwenzekayo emva kotyando kuyahluka kakhulu kuxhomekeke kuhlobo lotyando olwenzileyo. Ezinye iintlobo zotyando ezinkulu zinokuthatha iintsuku ezimbalwa kwigumbi lokhathalelo olunzulu (ICU). Nangona kunjalo, emva kwenkqubo encinci efana ne-sclerotherapy, unokukwazi ukuya ekhaya ngaloo mini inye.

Njengalo naluphi na utyando, olu tyando lunemingcipheko ethile.

• Ukunganyamezelani ne-anesthesia okanye izinto ezisetyenzisiweyo.
• Ukopha.
• Amahlwili egazi.
• Usulelo.
• Umonakalo wemithambo-luvo.
• Ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo okanye isifo sohlangothi.

Lo mngcipheko unokwanda ngokuxhomekeke kubukhulu besifo sakho, ubudala bakho, kunye nezinye iimeko zempilo onazo, ezifana nesifo seswekile. Thetha ngokukhululekileyo nogqirha wakho ngale nto.

Ndifuna ukubona ugqirha kungekudala!

Ukuba ufumana naziphi na iimpawu zengxaki ngelixa usalulama emva kotyando, kufuneka uqhagamshelane nogqirha wakho ngoko nangoko. Qaphela ngakumbi ezi mpawu zilandelayo.

Utyando lweMithambo luyinkqubo yezonyango ebaluleke kakhulu enokusindisa ubomi bethu kwaye iphucule umgangatho wobomi bethu. Ungaze woyike ukubuza ugqirha wakho ngayo nayiphi na imibuzo onayo, nokuba mincinci kangakanani na.