Ngaba unomthambo wegazi ngaphakathi esiswini sakho ovuthuluka njengebhaluni? Masifunde ngale (i-Visceral Artery Aneurysm)!

Ngaba wakha wacinga ukuba umthambo wegazi ngaphakathi emzimbeni wethu, njengombhobho wamanzi, unokuba buthathaka ngaxa lithile uze uvuthuluke njengebhaluni? Oku kubizwa nje ngokuba yi-`(Aneurysm)`. Ngamanye amaxesha oku kunokufihlwa ngaphandle kokubonisa zimpawu, kodwa ngequbuliso kunokuba yingxaki enkulu ebomini. Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngemeko enokuba yingozi, kodwa abantu abaninzi abayazi, ebizwa ngokuba yi-`(Visceral Artery Aneurysm)`.

Yintoni i-`(Visceral Artery Aneurysm)`? Masiyiqonde ngokulula!

Khawucinge nje, sinomthambo wegazi emzimbeni wethu, kwaye udonga lwawo lubuthathaka kancinci. Emva koko, ngenxa yoxinzelelo lwegazi elihamba kuwo, elo cala libuthathaka liyadumba njengebhaluni. Yiloo nto ibizwa ngokuba yi-"Aneurysm". Ngoku, ukuba le "Aneurysm" iba nkulu kakhulu, oko kuthetha ukuba iqhuma elifana nebhaluni lingadumba. Ukuba oko kuyenzeka, igazi liqala ukugeleza ngaphakathi emzimbeni. Siyibiza ngokuba yi-"Hemorrhage", kwaye le yimeko esongela ubomi ngokwenene.

Ngoku, zithini ezi `(i-Visceral Arteries)`? Le yimithambo yegazi ephambili emzimbeni wethu, i-`(i-Aorta)`, ekhula ize inike igazi kwizitho ezibalulekileyo esiswini sethu.

Ezi zitho zezi:

• Amathumbu ethu
• Izintso
• Isibindi
• I-Pancreas
• Ispleen
• Isisu

Amaxesha amaninzi, ezi "Visceral Artery Aneurysms" zenzeka kwimithambo yegazi ethwala igazi iye kwipleyini, kwizintso nakwisibindi.

Ngaba kukho iintlobo ze-`(Visceral Artery Aneurysms)`?

Ewe, kukho iintlobo ezimbini kuphela.

1. Ii-Pseudoaneurysms: Oku kwenzeka xa umngxuma omncinci uvela eludongeni lomthambo wegazi, kwaye igazi elithile liphuma emngxunyeni, liqokelelana kwizicwili ezingaphandle komthambo. Emva koko, ngenxa yenkqubo yokujiya kwegazi emzimbeni wethu, kwakheka udonga olubuthathaka olujikeleze igazi eliqokelelweyo. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yokuba olu donga alunamandla kakhulu, ezi pseudoaneurysms zinokuqhuma ngakumbi.

2. Ii-Aneurysms zokwenyani: Oku kwenzeka xa inxalenye ebuthathaka yodonga lwemithambo yegazi ivuvukala njengebhaluni. Njengoko bekutshiwo ngaphambili.

Zixhaphake kangakanani ezi zinto? Ngubani ozifumana rhoqo?

Ii-Aneurysms ze-Visceral Artery zizinto ezingaqhelekanga. Kodwa ekubeni uninzi lwabantu lungabonakalisi zimpawu, kunzima ukutsho ukuba bangaphi abantu abanazo ngokwenene.

Ukuxhaphaka kwezinye iintlobo ze-aneurysms ze-visceral artery kuyahluka ngokwesini. Umzekelo, abafazi banamathuba amaninzi okuba ne-aneurysm kwi-artery ethwala igazi liye kwi-spleen.

Zithini iimpawu zoku? Uzibona njani?

Nantsi eyona nto ibalulekileyo. Uninzi lwexesha, akukho zimpawu! Oogqirha badla ngokuzifumana ngengozi ezi zinto ngexesha lovavanyo lwezonyango, olufana ne-``(CT scan)`` okanye ``(MRI scan)```, ngenxa yesinye isifo.

Nangona kunjalo, ukuba umthambo wegazi ovuthuzayo, okanye "i-aneurysm", uyaqhuma, iimpawu ziya kuvela. Iimpawu eziphambili zezi:

• I-anemia (oko kuthetha ukwehla komthamo wegazi emzimbeni)
• Intlungu esiswini okanye emqolo . Le ntlungu ngamanye amaxesha inokuba buhlungu kakhulu, ngamanye amaxesha inokuba buhlungu kakhulu. Ke ngoko, ngamanye amaxesha kunzima ukuyibona ngokuchanekileyo le sifo.

Ezinye iimpawu zinokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwindawo ekuyo i-aneurysm. Umzekelo:

• Ukuhlanza igazi
• Igazi esitulweni

Ukuba ngequbuliso uva iintlungu eziqatha esiswini okanye emqolo, musa ukuzityeshela. Kubalulekile ukufuna ingcebiso kagqirha ngokukhawuleza.

Kutheni le nto ezi `(Visceral Artery Aneurysms)` zenzeka? Zithini izizathu?

Kukho izizathu ezininzi eziphambili zokuba kutheni i-aneurysms yokwenyani ikhula:

• I-atherosclerosis: Le yeyona nto ixhaphakileyo. Amafutha aqokelelwa ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi, nto leyo ebangela ukuba udonga lwemithambo yegazi lube buthathaka kancinci kancinci.
• Izifo zezicubu ezidityanisiweyo: Umzekelo, iimeko ezifana ne-Fibromuscular dysplasia, i-Marfan syndrome, kunye ne-Ehlers-Danlos syndrome. Ezi zinokubangela ukuba iindonga zemithambo zibe buthathaka kwasekuzalweni.
• Ukonzakala: Khawucinge ngengozi enkulu, ukubethwa kakhulu esiswini. Nangona kunjalo, olu hlobo lwemeko lunokwenzeka.

Izizathu ze-pseudoaneurysms zezi:

• Ukwenzakala emva kotyando lwesibindi okanye ipancreas.
• Ukudumba kwepancreas (iPancreatitis).
• Ukwenzakala (okubangelwa yingozi okanye olunye uvuthuzo).
• I-Vasculitis.

Oogqirha bayixilonga njani le nto?

Oogqirha basebenzisa kakhulu iimvavanyo ezizodwa zemifanekiso yezonyango ezifana ne-CT scans (Computed Tomography scans) kunye ne-MRI scans (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) ukuze baxilonge ii-Visceral Artery Aneurysms. Ezi mvavanyo zinokulinganisa ngokuchanekileyo ubungakanani be-aneurysm. Ukwazi olu bungakanani kubalulekile ekumiseleni iindlela zonyango.

Kukho olunye uvavanyo olukhethekileyo, olubizwa ngokuba yi -`(Angiography)` . Kule meko, kufakwa ityhubhu encinci kakhulu (`Catheter`) kwenye yemithambo yakho ize ithunyelwe kwi-`(Visceral Artery)` apho kukho i-`(Aneurysm)`. Emva koko, kufakwa ulwelo olukhethekileyo (`Idayi yokungafani`) ngaloo tyhubhu. Emva koko, xa ijongwa nge-`(X-ray)` okanye `(CT scan)`, ulwelo lwenza iindawo ezingaqhelekanga kwimithambo yegazi zibonakale ngokucacileyo. Ngamanye amaxesha, unyango lunokwenziwa ngexesha elinye nale `(Angiography)`.

Kwezinye iimeko, ingakumbi abo banezifo zezicubu ezidityanisiweyo ezikhankanyiweyo ngaphambili, kunokubakho ii-aneurysms kwimithambo engaphezulu kwesinye ye-visceral. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, ugqirha wakho unokuhlola yonke imithambo esesiswini sakho.

Wenza ntoni emva kokuba ufumanise ukuba une-`(Aneurysm)`? Uyalinda nje? `(Ukubeka esweni)`

Ukuba unyango luza kunyangwa okanye alunyangwa kuxhomekeke kubukhulu kunye nohlobo lwe-aneurysm. Ngokubanzi, ukuba i-aneurysm yokwenyani ingaphantsi kweesentimitha ezi-2 , oogqirha badla ngokucebisa "ukulinda ngononophelo."

Oku kuthetha ukuba ugqirha uza kukujonga rhoqo ukuze abone ukuba i-aneurysm iyakhula na. Angakunika amayeza okunciphisa uxinzelelo lwakho lwegazi, njengoko uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu lunokunyusa umngcipheko wokuba i-aneurysm ibe nkulu.

Kunini apho oku ngokuqinisekileyo kufuneka kunyangwe khona?

Ukuba ucinga ukuba i-aneurysm ingaqhuma, kungcono ukuyinyanga. Ingakumbi kwiimeko ezifana nezi:

• Ii-pseudoaneurysms zalo naluphi na ubungakanani: kuba zinomngcipheko omkhulu wokuqhuma.
• Ii-aneurysms zokwenyani ezinkulu kuneesentimitha ezi-2: (Nangona kunjalo, kwimeko ye-aneurysm ye-splenic artery, ukulungiswa kudla ngokucetyiswa xa inkulu kuneesentimitha ezi-3).

Kwakhona, nokuba ingakanani na i-aneurysm yakho, ungadinga unyango ukuba usemngciphekweni omkhulu wokuqhekeka. Umngcipheko wakho unokwanda ukuba:

• Ukuba ukhulelwe okanye ukwiminyaka yokuzala.
• Ukuba uneempawu ezingapheliyo ezifana ne-anemia okanye iintlungu zesisu/umqolo.
• Ukuba udinga ukufakelwa isibindi okanye olunye utyando lokunyanga isifo sokuqina kwesibindi.

Kwakhona, ezinye ii-`(Visceral Artery Aneurysms)`, kungakhathaliseki ukuba zingakanani na, zifuna unyango olukhawulezileyo, kuxhomekeke kwindawo ezikuyo, kuba zinomngcipheko omkhulu wokuqhuma. Umzekelo:

• I-aneurysm kwi-gastroduodenal artery, enika igazi esiswini, kwinxalenye ephezulu yamathumbu amancinci, nakwinxalenye ephezulu yepancreas.
• I-aneurysm kwi-pancreaticoduodenal artery, enika igazi kwi-pancreas nakwinxalenye ephezulu yamathumbu amancinci.
• I-aneurysm kwi-mesenteric artery ephezulu, enika igazi kumathumbu amancinci.

Ziziphi iindlela zonyango?

Kukho iindlela ezimbini eziphambili zonyango:

1. Utyando oluvulekileyo

2. Iinkqubo ze-endovascular ezingafunekiyo kakhulu

Oogqirha bagqiba kwelokuba zeziphi kwezi ndlela zimbini ezifanelekileyo kuwe ngokuqwalasela izinto ezifana nezi:

• Uhlobo lwemithambo yegazi yakho (njengokumila nobukhulu bayo).
• Iphi i-`(Aneurysm)`?
• Iingozi zotyando oluvulelekileyo (kuxhomekeke kwiminyaka yakho kunye nempilo yakho iyonke).

Kutyando oluvulekileyo `(Utyando oluvulekileyo)`Okwenziwayo kukuba, emva kokwenza utyando olukhulu, ugqirha uya ngqo kwindawo ene-aneurysm, asuse inxalenye eyonakeleyo ye-artery, aze afake iqhekeza elitsha le-artery okanye alungise elikhoyo.

Unyango olungenabungozi kangako lubandakanya ukufaka ityhubhu encinci (i-catheter) kwimithambo yegazi, ngokuqhelekileyo esuka kwi-groin yakho, uze uyikhokelele kwindawo ene-aneurysm. Emva koko, izixhobo ezincinci zidluliselwa kwityhubhu ukuxhasa i-aneurysm kwaye ziyithintele ukuba ingaqhumi, kusetyenziswa enye okanye ezingaphezulu kwezi ndlela zilandelayo:

• Ukufakwa kwe-coil embolization okanye i-plug embolization: Oku kubandakanya ukufaka i-coil encinci okanye i-mechanical plug kwi-aneurysm uze uyizalise.
• Ukufakwa kolwelo: Kule nto, kufakwa iglu ekhethekileyo, ijeli, okanye olunye ulwelo kwi-aneurysm kwaye luvalwe.
• Ukubopha nge-stenting: Kule nto, kufakwa ityhubhu (i-stent) eyenziwe nge-mesh yesinyithi egqunywe ngelaphu kumthambo apho kukho i-aneurysm.

Ukuba wenza i-angiography ukuze ufumane i-aneurysm yemithambo yegazi ye-visceral, ngamanye amaxesha olu nyango lungaphantsi kakhulu lunokwenziwa ngaxeshanye, kusetyenziswa i-catheter efanayo esetyenziselwa olo vavanyo.

Yintoni umahluko phakathi kotyando oluvulekileyo kunye nonyango lwe-endovascular?

Zombini ezi ndlela zonyango ziye zafundwa. Ngokubanzi, zombini zikhuselekile kwaye zisebenza ngokulinganayo. Nangona kunjalo, iindlela ezingangenisi kakhulu zinokubangela ukuba umntu alulame ngokukhawuleza kwaye ahlale esibhedlele ixesha elifutshane. Nangona kunjalo, kwezinye iimeko, unyango lwesibini lunokufuneka.

Ngaba ikho indlela yokuthintela ukwakheka kwe-`(Visceral Artery Aneurysm)`?

Iintlobo ezininzi ze-`(Visceral Artery Aneurysms)` kunzima ukuzithintela. Nangona kunjalo, i-`(Aneurysms)` ebangelwa kukuncipha nokuqina kwemithambo yegazi ekhankanyiweyo ngaphambili inokuthintelwa yindlela yokuphila enempilo. Nazi ezinye zezinto onokuzenza ukunciphisa umngcipheko wakho wokufumana i-`(Atherosclerosis):

• Lawula i-cholesterol yakho kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi.
• Zilolonge rhoqo.
• Landela ukutya okunempilo okunentliziyo .
• Lala ngokwaneleyo.
• Nciphisa ukusetyenziswa kotywala.
• Lawula uxinzelelo.
• Yeka ukutshaya nokusebenzisa icuba ngokupheleleyo.

Iyintoni imbonakalo yale meko? `(Imbonakalo)`

Ukuba i-Visceral Artery Aneurysm iyaqhambuka, ngamanye amaxesha inokubulala. Izifundo zibonisa ukuba malunga nama-25% abantu abafika kwigumbi likaxakeka abane-Visceral Artery Aneurysm bane-aneurysm eqhambukileyo. Kulaba, ubuncinane i-10% bayafa.Umngcipheko wokufa koomama abakhulelweyo abane-aneurysm eqhumayo uphezulu nangakumbi.

Ngokubanzi, abantu abangenazo iimpawu (iintlungu okanye ukopha ngaphakathi) ngaphambi kokuba unyango luqale banamathuba amaninzi okuba neziphumo ezilungileyo. Abantu abane-pseudoaneurysms basengozini enkulu yokuqhekeka nokufa kunabo bane-aneurysms yokwenyani.

Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha?

Ukuba ngequbuliso uva iintlungu eziqatha esiswini okanye emqolo, funa ingcebiso kagqirha ngoko nangoko. Musa ukulibazisa.

Ii-aneurysms zemithambo yegazi ye-Visceral ziindawo ezibuthathaka kwiindonga zemithambo yegazi yakho esiswini sakho. Ukuba ezi ndonga ziyaqhuma, zinokubangela ukopha ngaphakathi. Asinguye wonke umntu onesi sifo oneempawu ezinzima, ngoko ke ukuxilongwa kunokulibaziseka. Nangona kunjalo, ngokusetyenziswa ngokubanzi kovavanyo lwezonyango lwezinye izifo, ii-Aneurysms ezininzi ze-Visceral Artery zifunyanwa ngaphambi kokuba ziqhekeke. Ke ngoko, unyango lwangoko lunokunciphisa umngcipheko wokufa. Nangona kungengazo zonke ii-Aneurysms ze-Visceral Artery ezinokuthintelwa, indlela yokuphila enempilo inokunciphisa umngcipheko wee-aneurysms ezibangelwa yi-atherosclerosis. Thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nento onokuyenza ukunciphisa umngcipheko wakho we-atherosclerosis.

Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya

• I-"Visceral Artery Aneurysm" yi-bulge efana nebhaluni kwimithambo yegazi ngaphakathi esiswini. Oku kunokuba yingozi kakhulu ukuba iyaqhuma.
• Ixesha elininzi, ayibonisi zimpawu. Ingafunyanwa ngengozi ngexesha lokuskena esinye isifo.
• Ukuba ufumana iimpawu ezinje ngentlungu yesisu/umqolo ngequbuliso, ukuhlanza igazi, okanye ukuphuma kwegazi esitulweni sakho , bona ugqirha ngoko nangoko.
• Kukho iindlela zonyango. Unyango lumiselwa ngokusekwe kubungakanani kunye nohlobo lwe-aneurysm, kunye nemeko yempilo yakho.
• Indlela yokuphila enempilo (ukutya okunempilo, ukuzilolonga, kunye nokuphepha ukutshaya) kubaluleke kakhulu ekuthinteleni i-aneurysms ebangelwa yi-atherosclerosis.

Ukuba unemibuzo engaphezulu malunga noku, ungathandabuzi ukubuza ugqirha wosapho lwakho okanye ingcali. Hlala usempilweni!

I- Aneurysm, umthambo wegazi, isisu, ukugqabhuka kwemithambo yegazi, ukopha ngaphakathi, utyando, i-CT scan