Ingabe uthola amabala amhlophe esikhumbeni sakho (i-Vitiligo)? Ake sixoxe ngakho konke!

Wake wababona abanye abantu benamabala amhlophe esikhumbeni sabo? Mhlawumbe nawe uke wabhekana nento efanayo. Yilokhu esikubiza ngokuthi amabala amhlophe, amabala amhlophe, noma njengoba odokotela bevame ukuwabiza ngokuthi `(Vitiligo)`. Nakuba lokhu kungase kubonakale kuyesabeka kancane ukukubona, empeleni akusona isifo esiyingozi. Kodwa-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela lokhu. Namuhla, ake sixoxe nge-`(Vitiligo)` ngokuningiliziwe nangokulula kakhulu, akunjalo?

Kuyini i-Vitiligo?

Kalula nje, i-vitiligo yisimo lapho isikhumba sakho silahlekelwa khona umbala waso. Lokhu kubangela ukuthi isikhumba sakho sibe mhlophe kunokuvamile, ngezinye izikhathi sibe mhlophe ngokuphelele. Lawa mabala esikhumba amancane kunesentimitha abizwa ngokuthi ama-macules, kanti amabala amakhulu abizwa ngokuthi ama-patches. Kodwa-ke, sivame ukuwabiza ngokuthi amabala amhlophe. Uma une-vitiligo lapho unezinwele khona, ngisho nalezo zinwele zingaba mhlophe noma zibe siliva. Lesi simo sibangelwa ukuthi amasosha omzimba wakho abhubhise uhlobo lweseli elifaka umbala esikhumbeni elibizwa ngokuthi ama-melanocytes. Lawa ma-melanocytes akhiqiza ikhemikhali ebizwa ngokuthi i-melanin. Le melanin yiyo enikeza umbala esikhumbeni sethu, ezinweleni, nasemehlweni ethu. Ngakho-ke lapho lawa maseli elahleka, ukukhiqizwa kwe-melanin kuyayeka, futhi isikhumba silahlekelwa umbala waso.

Ubani othinteka kakhulu yilesi simo?

I-Vitiligo ingathinta abantu bazo zonke izinhlanga nobulili . Kodwa-ke, ivame kakhulu kubantu abanesikhumba esimnyama. I-Vitiligo ingenzeka kunoma yimuphi ubudala, kodwa ivame ukuvela kuqala ngaphambi kweminyaka engama-30. Uma unezimo ezithile zokuzivikela komzimba, ungase ube sengozini enkulu yokuba ne-vitiligo. Isibonelo:

• Isifo sika -Addison
• I-anemia
• Isifo Sikashukela (Uhlobo 1 )
• Isifo se-Lupus
• I-Psoriasis
• I-rheumatoid arthritis (i-rheumatoid arthritis )
• Isifo se-thyroid

Ivame kangakanani i-vitiligo?

Emhlabeni jikelele, abantu abangaphezu kuka-1% kubikwa ukuthi banalesi sifo sesikhumba esimhlophe, i-Vitiligo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi akuyona into engavamile kangako.

I-vitiligo iqala futhi isakazeka kanjani?

I-Vitiligo ivame ukuqala ngamabala amancane amhlophe . Lawa angasakazeka kancane kancane emzimbeni wakho. Ngokuvamile, lawa mabala aqala ukubonakala ezandleni zakho, ebunzini, emakhwapheni, ezinyaweni, nasebusweni. Kodwa-ke, lesi simo singavela noma kuphi emzimbeni wakho, kufaka phakathi ulwelwesi lwamafinyila oluzungeze umlomo wakho, impumulo, izitho zangasese, kanye ne-anus, kanye nangaphakathi kwamehlo nezindlebe zakho. Ngezinye izikhathi, amabala amakhulu angaqhubeka nokusabalala futhi abe makhulu, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi angahlala endaweni efanayo iminyaka eminingi. Izindawo lapho amabala amancane atholakala khona zingashintsha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, futhi ezinye izindawo zingase zilahlekelwe umbala futhi ziphinde zikhule. Akuwona wonke umuntu one-vitiligo onesikhumba esifanayo. Abanye abantu banamabala amancane ambalwa nje, kanti abanye bangase babe nokulahlekelwa okukhulu kombala esikhumbeni sabo.

Yiziphi izinhlobo eziyinhloko ze-vitiligo?

Kunezinhlobo eziningana eziyinhloko ze-`(Vitiligo)`. Ake sibone ukuthi ziyini:

• Okujwayelekile: Lolu uhlobo oluvame kakhulu . Kulolu hlobo, kuvela amabala ezingxenyeni ezahlukene zomzimba.
• Uhlobo lwesigaba: Kulolu hlobo, amabala avela ohlangothini olulodwa lomzimba, noma endaweni eyodwa kuphela, njengezandla noma ubuso.
• Uhlobo lwe-mucosal: Lokhu kuthinta ulwelwesi lwamafinyila lomlomo kanye/noma izitho zangasese.
• I-Focal: Lolu uhlobo olungavamile . Kulolu hlobo, amabala avela endaweni encane futhi awasabalali ngendlela ethile unyaka noma emibili.
• Uhlobo lwe-Trichrome: Kulolu hlobo, ungabona ingxenye emhlophe noma engenambala phakathi, njengesithako, enengxenye enombala okhanyayo nxazonke, bese kuba yingxenye ewumbala wesikhumba ojwayelekile nxazonke.
• Uhlobo olujwayelekile: Lolu futhi uhlobo olungavamile kakhulu. Kulokhu , isikhumba sakho esingaphezu kuka-80% silahlekelwa umbala waso.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-Vitiligo?

Izimpawu eziyinhloko ze-`(Vitiligo)` yilezi:

• Amabala anombala oshintshile esikhumbeni noma emaqabungeni esikhumba. Lawa angase abonakale emhlophe noma ekhanyayo kunombala wesikhumba ojwayelekile.
• Izinwele emzimbeni wakho zisiliva, zimpunga, noma zimhlophe .

Izimpawu zingaba zincane kakhulu, okusho ukuthi zikhawulelwe endaweni encane, noma zingaba zimbi kakhulu, zithinte indawo enkulu yesikhumba. Abanye abantu bangase babe nokulunywa endaweni ngaphambi kokuba isikhumba siqale ukulahlekelwa umbala.

Izimpawu ze-vitiligo zivela kuphi emzimbeni?

Izimpawu ze-vitiligo zingavela esikhumbeni noma kuphi emzimbeni, kodwa zivame ukubonakala kulezi zindawo ezilandelayo:

• Izandla
• Izinyawo
• Ingalo (ingalo)
• Ubuso
• Ulwelwesi lwamafinyila (ngaphakathi komlomo, izindebe, ngaphakathi kwekhala)
• Izitho zangasese (isb. ipenisi)

Ziyini izimbangela ze-vitiligo?

I-Vitiligo ibangelwa ukulahleka kwe-melanin, umbala esikhumbeni sakho. Kodwa akukaziwa kahle ukuthi kungani lokhu kwenzeka . Ucwaningo luthole ukuthi izici ezilandelayo zingasiza ekuthuthukisweni kwe-vitiligo:

• Isimo sokuzivikela komzimba : Isimiso sakho somzimba sokuzivikela sicabanga ngephutha ukuthi amangqamuzana anempilo (kulokhu, ama-melanocyte) angabahlaseli, njengamagciwane ayingozi. Lokhu kubangela ukuthi isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela sisebenze ngokweqile futhi sikhiqize ama-antibodies okubhubhisa ama-melanocyte akho.
• Izinguquko zofuzo: Ukuguquka kofuzo noma ushintsho ku-DNA yomzimba wakho kungathinta indlela ama-melanocyte asebenza ngayo. Kunezinhlobo zofuzo ezingaphezu kuka-30 ezandisa ingozi yokuba ne-vitiligo.
• Ukucindezeleka: Uma uhlala ucindezelekile, noma uma ubhekene nokucindezeleka ngokomzimba ngemva kokulimala, inani le-pigment elikhiqizwa ama-melanocyte lingashintsha.
• Izinto ezibangela imvelo: Izinto ezibangela imvelo ezifana nokuchayeka emisebeni ye-ultraviolet kanye namakhemikhali anobuthi nazo zingathinta ukusebenza kwama-melanocyte.

Ingabe lokhu kuwumphumela wezakhi zofuzo?

Izimbangela ze-vitiligo zisacwaningwa. Kodwa-ke, izifundo zibonisa ukuthi cishe abantu abangu-30% abane-vitiligo bathambekele ekuzalweni . Lokhu kusho ukuthi lesi simo singadluliselwa ezizukulwaneni ngezizukulwane, futhi uma othile emndenini wakho enaso, kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi usithole. Kunezinhlobo eziningana zokuguqulwa kwezakhi zofuzo ezithinta ukusebenza kwama-melanocytes. Uma lokhu kuguqulwa kuhlose amangqamuzana anikeza isikhumba sakho umbala waso, ungase ube ne-vitiligo.

Ingabe i-Vitiligo ibuhlungu?

Cha, i-`(Vitiligo)` akuyona inkinga ebuhlungu. Kodwa-ke, i-`(Vitiligo)` ingabangela amabala esikhumba anombala okhanyayo, okungaba buhlungu futhi kube buhlungu ekushisweni yilanga. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuzivikela elangeni . Kufanele wenze izinto ezifana nokusebenzisa umuthi wokuvikela ilanga, ugweme ukuphuma elangeni uma ilanga lishisa kakhulu, futhi ugqoke izingubo zokuzivikela.

Ingabe i-vitiligo ingabangela ezinye izinkinga?

Nakuba i-Vitiligo iyisimo esithinta kakhulu ukubukeka kwesikhumba, ezinye izinkinga zingavela:

• Isikhumba esizwelayo: Ngenxa yokuthi izindawo ezisusiwe umbala azinawo ama-melanocyte, lezo zindawo zesikhumba zingase zizwele kakhulu elangeni kunezinye izingxenye zesikhumba. Lokhu kungabangela ukuthi zishe ngokushesha kunokuba zishintshe umbala.
• Ukukhubazeka kwamehlo:Abanye abantu abane-vitiligo bangase babe nezinkinga kuma-retina abo (ungqimba lwangaphakathi lweso oluqukethe amangqamuzana azwela ukukhanya) kanye nezinguquko embala we-irises zabo (ingxenye enikeza iso umbala). Ngezinye izikhathi kungase kube nokuvuvukala kwe-retina noma i-iris, kodwa umbono ngokuvamile awuthinteki.
• Ukuthambekela kwezinye izifo ezihlasela amasosha omzimba: Abantu abane-vitiligo banamathuba amaningi okuthola ezinye izifo ezihlasela amasosha omzimba ezithinta ukusebenza kwesimiso somzimba sokuzivikela. Izifo ezivamile ezihlasela amasosha omzimba zifaka phakathi i-hypothyroidism, isifo sikashukela, kanye ne-anemia.
• Izinselele zengqondo: Abanye abantu abane-vitiligo bangase babe namahloni ngokubukeka kwesikhumba sabo. Abanye bangase babe nokuzethemba okuphansi . Lokhu kungaholela emizweni yokukhathazeka noma yokucindezeleka, futhi bangase bazame ukuzihlukanisa nokuzihlukanisa. Uma uzizwa ngale ndlela, kubalulekile ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho, umeluleki wezempilo yengqondo , noma umndeni wakho nabangani.

Ungayibona kanjani i-vitiligo?

I-Vitiligo ngokuvamile ingatholakala ngudokotela ngokuhlola isikhumba sakho. Ngezinye izikhathi, udokotela angasebenzisa idivayisi ebizwa ngokuthi isibani sikaWood ukuze abheke isikhumba sakho. Lesi sibani sikhanyisa ukukhanya kwe-ultraviolet (UV) esikhumbeni sakho. Lokhu kusiza udokotela ukuhlukanisa i-vitiligo kwezinye izimo zesikhumba. Ngaphezu kwalokho, bangase babuze imibuzo mayelana nomlando wakho wezokwelapha kanye nomlando wezokwelapha womndeni.

Yiziphi ezinye izimo ezibukeka njenge-vitiligo?

Kunezinye izimo eziningana ezingashintsha umbala wesikhumba sakho noma zibangele ukuthi silahlekelwe umbala. Isibonelo:

• I-leukoderma yamakhemikhali: Ukuchayeka kumakhemikhali asetshenziswa kwamanye amafektri kungalimaza amangqamuzana esikhumba, kubangele izindawo ezimhlophe, ezinemigqa noma ezinamabala esikhumbeni.
• I-Tinea versicolor (i-ringworm): Lokhu kuyisifo semvubelo. Kungabangela amabala amnyama esikhumbeni esinombala okhanyayo kanye namabala akhanyayo esikhumbeni esinombala omnyama.
• Ubu-Albinism: Lesi yisimo sofuzo lapho unezinga eliphansi le-melanin esikhumbeni sakho, ezinweleni, kanye/noma emehlweni.
• I-Pityriasis alba: Lesi simo siqala ngamabala abomvu, anamabala esikhumbeni. Bese ayanyamalala, kusale amabala akhanyayo, anamabala.

Iphathwa kanjani i-Vitiligo?

Njengoba isimo esibizwa ngokuthi "i-Vitiligo" singeyona ingozi emzimbeni wakho futhi sithinta kakhulu ukubukeka kwakho, ukwelashwa akudingeki.Kodwa uma une-vitiligo esakazekile, noma uma lezi zimpawu zomzimba zithinta impilo yakho yengqondo, udokotela wakho angakusiza ukuthola ukwelashwa okukusebenzelayo. Lokhu kwelashwa kubuyisela umbala olahlekile (ukuguqulwa kwesikhumba) noma kususe umbala osele bese kuletha isikhumba sonke kumbala ofanayo (ukususwa kwesikhumba). Ukwelashwa okuvame kakhulu kwe-vitiligo yile:

• Izinhlobo zemithi
• Ukwelashwa okulula
• Ukwelashwa kokususa ibala
• Ukuhlinzwa
• Ukwelulekwa

Ake sixoxe ngemininingwane eminingi ngalezi zinto.

Izinhlobo zemithi

Nakuba kungekho muthi othize wokuvimba lesi simo ukuthi singaphazamisi isikhumba, kunemithi ethile engasiza ekunciphiseni izinga lokulahleka kombala, isize ama-melanocyte ukuba akhule futhi, noma isize ekubuyiseleni umbala esikhumbeni. Imithi ye-vitiligo ingafaka:

• Ama-Corticosteroids (amafutha noma amaphilisi)
• Ama-Janus kinase inhibitors angaphandle (isb., amafutha e-ruxolitinib)
• Ama-Calcineurin inhibitors (amafutha)

Ukwelashwa okulula

Ukwelashwa okukhanyayo, noma "i-phototherapy," kuyindlela yokwelapha esiza ukubuyisela umbala esikhumbeni sakho. Kulokhu, udokotela wakho uzokhanyisa ibhokisi lokukhanya, ukukhanya kwe-ultraviolet B ``UVB``, noma i-laser yezokwelapha esikhumbeni sakho isikhathi esifushane. Kungathatha izikhathi eziningana zokwelapha okukhanyayo ukuze ubone imiphumela esikhumbeni sakho. Lokhu kwelashwa, okuhlanganisa umuthi obizwa ngokuthi ``psoralen`` othathwe ngomlomo nokukhanya kwe-ultraviolet A ``PUVA``, kusetshenziselwa abantu abanezindawo ezinkulu ze-``Vitiligo.`` Lokhu kwelashwa kusebenza kahle kubantu abane-``Vitiligo`` ekhanda, entanyeni, esiqwini, ezingalweni eziphezulu, nasemilenzeni.

Ukwelashwa kokususa ibala

Lokhu kwelashwa kuhilela ukususa umbala wesikhumba sakho esivamile ukuze uhambisane nezindawo ezine-vitiligo. Lokhu kusebenzisa umuthi obizwa ngokuthi "i-monobenzone." Uma lo khilimu usetshenziswa esikhumbeni sakho esinombala, uba mhlophe bese uba nombala ofanayo nezindawo ezine-vitiligo.

Ukuhlinzwa

Ukuhlinzwa kuyindlela eyodwa yokwelapha abantu abane-vitiligo. Ukwelashwa ngokuhlinzwa kungafaka:

• Ukufakelwa kwesikhumba: Isikhumba sithathwa kwenye ingxenye yomzimba wakho bese sitshalwa endaweni ene-vitiligo. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kungabangela izibazi, ukutheleleka, noma ukulahlekelwa umbala. Lokhu kubizwa nangokuthi "ukufakelwa okuncane."
• Ukufakelwa kwe-blister: Kulokhu, kwakheka i-blister esikhumbeni sakho kusetshenziswa indlela yokumunca, bese kuthi ingxenye ephezulu ye-blister ithathwe bese inamathiselwa endaweni lapho une-vitiligo khona.

Noma kunjalo, udokotela wakho angase angakuncomi ukuhlinzwa uma unezinye zezimo ezilandelayo:

• Uma `(I-Vitiligo)` isakazeka ngokushesha.
• Uma uthola izibazi kalula.
• Uma uhlakulela ama-keloid, akhula abe makhulu kunenxeba.

Ukwelulekwa

Abanye abantu abane-vitiligo bangase bakuthole kuwusizo ukufuna iseluleko noma umeluleki wezempilo yengqondo ukuze abasize babhekane nokuzethemba okuphansi, ukukhathazeka, noma ukucindezeleka okungase kubangelwe izinguquko zesikhumba sabo. I-Vitiligo ingaba yingcindezi, ithinte indlela obheka ngayo impilo kanye nobudlelwano bakho nabantu. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, udokotela wakho angase asikisele ukuthi ubonane nomeluleki noma ujoyine iqembu lokusekela.

Ingabe i-vitiligo ingavinjelwa?

Ayikho indlela eyaziwayo yokuvimbela i-vitiligo ngoba kunezimbangela eziningi ezingaba khona. Kodwa-ke, ungenza okulandelayo ukuze unciphise ingozi yakho yokuthola i-vitiligo:

• Ukulandela imikhuba ephephile lapho ubhekene nelanga (isib., ukuvikela ilanga, izigqoko).
• Nakekela isikhumba sakho kahle ngokusebenzisa i-moisturizer nsuku zonke.
• Ukugwema ukucindezeleka kwengqondo kanye nokulimala ngokomzimba.
• Uma kukhona izifo ezibangelwa ukuzivikela komzimba, ziphathe kahle.

Kwenzekani uma une-vitiligo?

I-Vitiligo ingathinta ukubukeka kwakho, futhi ingathinta nendlela ozizwa ngayo ngesikhumba sakho ezimweni zomphakathi. Abantu abaningi bakhuluma nomeluleki wezempilo yengqondo ukuze abasize bazizwe beqiniseka kakhudlwana futhi bakhe ukuzethemba.

Khumbula, ayikho ikhambi le-vitiligo. Kodwa uma ufuna ukwelashwa, udokotela wakho angakusiza ukhethe ukwelashwa okungcono kakhulu kuwe nasesikhumbeni sakho.

Ingabe umbala wemvelo wesikhumba uzobuya ne-vitiligo?

Cishe abantu abayi-10% kuya kwabangama-20% abane-vitiligo bazobuyela umbala wesikhumba sabo ngokuphelele. Lokhu kuvame kakhulu kubantu aba:

• Labo abatholakale benalesi sifo ngaphambi kweminyaka engama-20, okungukuthi, besebancane .
• Labo abafinyelele esicongweni sokuqubuka kwalesi sifo ezinyangeni eziyisithupha noma ngaphansi.
• Abantu abanezimpawu zobuso ikakhulukazi.

Kulezi zimo, ukuguquka kwebala lakho cishe ngeke kubuye:

• Uma izimpawu ze-"Vitiligo" zivela ngemva kweminyaka engu-20.
• Uma kunezimpawu ezindebeni, ezithweni (ikakhulukazi ezandleni).

Ungawafihla kanjani amabala e-vitiligo?

Uma ungakhululekile ngokubukeka kwesikhumba sakho (i-Vitiligo), ungazama lezi zinto ekhaya ukuze ufihle la mabala:

• Sebenzisa isithako sokuvikela ilanga esine-SPF engama-30 noma ngaphezulu . Ukusebenzisa isithako sokuvikela ilanga kunganciphisa ukushiswa kwesikhumba futhi kunciphise nomehluko wombala phakathi kwendawo ye-vitiligo nesikhumba esivamile.
• Sebenzisa izimonyo ukuze ufihle izindawo zokulahleka kombala. Kukhona nemikhiqizo ekhethekile yezimonyo yezokwelapha yalokhu.
• Uma umbala wezinwele zakho usuphelile, sebenzisa idayi yezinwele ukuze uyifanise nezinye izinwele zakho.
• Thola i-micropigmentation . Lokhu kuhilela ukudweba amabala akho e-vitiligo. Kusebenza njenge-makeup ehlala njalo futhi kusiza ukufihla izimpawu.

Ingabe i-Vitiligo iyathelelana?

Cha. I-Vitiligo ayisona isifo esithelelanayo. Ayisabalali kusuka komunye umuntu kuya komunye ngokuthintana ngokomzimba. Ngakho-ke, akufanele wesabe ukuba seduze nomuntu one-Vitiligo.

Kufanele ubonane nini nodokotela?

Bona udokotela wakho ezimweni ezilandelayo:

• Uma umbala wesikhumba sakho uphela ngokushesha .
• Uma ukulahleka kombala kusakazekela endaweni enkulu yomzimba.
• Uma izinguquko zesikhumba zithinta impilo yakho yengqondo kanye nenhlalakahle yakho .

Yimiphi imibuzo okufanele ngiyibuze udokotela?

Kungumqondo omuhle ukubuza le mibuzo uma ubona udokotela:

• Nginaluphi uhlobo lwe-Vitiligo?
• Ingabe isikhumba sami sizobuyela umbala waso?
• Ngingazivikela kanjani elangeni?
• Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha ezingcono kakhulu zesikhumba sami?
• Ingabe izingane zami zesikhathi esizayo zingadlulisela lesi simo ngokusebenzisa izakhi zofuzo?

Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-Tinea versicolor (ringworm) ne-Vitiligo?

I-Tinea versicolor (eyaziwa ngokuthi i-ringworm) kanye ne-vitiligo yizimo ezimbili ezahlukene ezithinta ukuguquka kombala wesikhumba sakho. I-Tinea versicolor ukutheleleka kwesikhunta okubangela ukuthi kuvele amabala amhlophe, aphuzi, abomvu, apinki, noma ansundu esikhumbeni sakho. I-Vitiligo yisimo sokuzivikela komzimba esibangela ukuthi isikhumba sakho silahlekelwe umbala waso, okwenza sibe mhlophe noma sikhanye kunombala wesikhumba wakho ojwayelekile.

Ingabe i-Piebaldism iyafana ne-Vitiligo?

Cha. Zombili lezi zimo zibangela amabala amhlophe noma anombala okhanyayo esikhumbeni noma ezinweleni, kodwa ahlukile. I-Piebaldism ibangelwa ukuntuleka kwama-melanocyte (amangqamuzana akhiqiza i-pigment melanin) engxenyeni yesikhumba sakho. Uzalwa une-piebaldism. I-Vitiligo ibangelwa ukubhujiswa kwama-melanocyte emzimbeni wakho. I-Vitiligo ikhula ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Okokugcina, izinto okufanele uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

I-Vitiligo yisimo esithinta kuphela ukubukeka kwesikhumba sakho. Ayiyona ingozi futhi ayidingi ukwelashwa . Kodwa-ke, kuyiqiniso ukuthi izinguquko zesikhumba ezibangelwa yi-vitiligo zingathinta ukuzethemba, zidale imizwa yokungazethembi, noma zibangele ukungakhululeki.

Unganqikazi ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nendlela ukubukeka kwakho okuthinta ngayo impilo yakho yengqondo. Nakuba kungekho ukwelashwa kwe-vitiligo, kunezindlela zokwelapha ezingakusiza uzizwe ukhululekile kakhudlwana.Awuwedwa, baningi abantu abaphila nalesi simo futhi abasiphatha ngempumelelo. Ngakho into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuhlala uqinile!