Wake waphawula ukuthi abanye abantu banamabala abomvu, aphakanyisiwe kancane ebusweni babo, ezihlathini, noma ekhanda? Ngezinye izikhathi lokhu akulumi noma akubuhlungu. Nakuba abantu abaningi becabanga ngalokhu njengesimo sesikhumba esivamile, lesi kungaba yisimo esidinga ukunakwa okwengeziwe. Namuhla sikhuluma ngesimo esibizwa ngokuthi 'i-Discoid Lupus' esibangela lezi zimpawu. Nakuba leli igama elingajwayelekile, kubaluleke kakhulu ukwazi ngalo.
Kalula nje, iyini i-Discoid Lupus?
I-Discoid Lupus, eyaziwa kakhulu ngokuthi i-'Discoid Lupus Erythematosus (DLE),' yisimo esithinta ngqo isikhumba sethu. Singokwesigaba se-'Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus (CLE)' se-lupus. Igama elithi 'Cutaneous' lisho 'okuhlobene nesikhumba.' Lokhu kusho ukuthi lezi zinhlobo ze-lupus zithinta kakhulu isikhumba sethu.
Umuntu one-discoid lupus uba nezilonda ezizungezile, ezibomvu, eziphakanyisiwe kancane, nezijiyile esikhumbeni, ikakhulukazi ebusweni, ezihlathini, ekhaleni nasekhanda. Lezi zingase zibe noqweqwe ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Lokhu kubizwa nangokuthi i-chronic cutaneous lupus. Chronic kusho ukuthi ihlala isikhathi eside.
Ngakho-ke iyini 'i-Lupus'?
Uma sikhuluma nge-'lupus', sivame ukubhekisela kwisifo esibizwa ngokuthi 'i-Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE).' Lolu uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lwe-lupus. Cishe iziguli ezingu-70 kwezingu-100 ze-lupus zinalesi simo.
Manje, bheka, nakuba i-discoid lupus (DLE) ithinta kakhulu isikhumba, uhlobo olubizwa ngokuthi i-SLE luthinta umzimba wonke. Yilokho okushiwo yi-'systemic'. Kuyisifo esihlasela amasosha omzimba. Kalula nje, uhlelo lokuzivikela lomzimba wethu, uhlelo lokuzivikela, luyaphazamiseka futhi luqale ukuhlasela amangqamuzana nezicubu zethu ezinempilo. Lokhu kubangela ukuvuvukala, noma ukuvuvukala, kuwo wonke umzimba.
Umuntu one-SLE angase abe nezimpawu ezifana nalezi:
- Umkhuhlane oqala ngaphandle kwesizathu
- Ubuhlungu nokuvuvukala kwamalunga
- Ukukhathala okuqhubekayo
- Ubuhlungu besifuba
- Ukuvela kwamabala ahlukahlukene kanye nezibazi esikhumbeni
- Ukuzwela elangeni (ukuzwela ukukhanya kwelanga)
Into ebalulekile ukuthi akubona bonke abantu abane-discoid lupus abazoba ne-systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), ethinta wonke umzimba. Sizoxoxa ngalokho kamuva.
Yiziphi izinhlobo ze-lupus (CLE) ezithinta isikhumba?
Njengoba sishilo ngaphambili, i-discoid lupus uhlobo lwe-lupus oluthinta isikhumba. Kunezinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko. Uhlobo ngalunye lunephethini ehlukile kancane yezilonda zesikhumba.
| Uhlobo lwe-lupus | Uhlobo lwamabala esikhumba |
|---|---|
| I-Discoid Lupus | Amabala ayindilinga, ajiyile, abomvu, anamabala, njengohlamvu lwemali. Ngokuvamile avela ebusweni, ezindlebeni, nasekhanda. |
| I-Subacute Cutaneous Lupus | Amabala amise okwendandatho noma anamaxolo. Ngokuvamile avela esifubeni, emhlane, nasentanyeni. |
| I-Lupus Ebukhali Yesikhumba | Yilapho kuvela khona "ukuqhuma kwe-butterfly" okudumile. Ukuqhuma okubomvu okufana nokushiswa yilanga kuvela ezihlathini nasemakhaleni. |
Ingabe umuntu angaba nezinhlobo ezingaphezu kweyodwa ze-lupus?
Yebo, kungenzeka. Abanye abantu banohlobo olulodwa lwe-lupus. Lokho kusho ukuthi abanye abantu bangaba ne-SLE kuphela, abanye bangaba ne-DLE kuphela. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi umuntu angaba nezinhlobo ezingaphezu kweyodwa ze-lupus ngesikhathi esisodwa.
Kodwa khumbula lokhu. Iningi labantu abane-discoid lupus (DLE) abanayo i-systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), ethinta umzimba wonke. Cishe u-5% wabantu abane-DLE, noma cishe u-5 kwabayi-100, bazoba ne-SLE kamuva. Futhi, cishe ingxenye yesine (25%) yabantu abane-SLE bazoba nezilonda zesikhumba ezifana nalezo ezibonakala ku-discoid lupus. Ngakho-ke kukhona ukuxhumana phakathi kwalezi zimo ezimbili, kodwa akuwona wonke umuntu onaso ozoba nesinye.
Yini ebangela i-discoid lupus? Ubani osengozini enkulu?
Eqinisweni, odokotela abakayazi imbangela eqondile ye-lupus, okuhlanganisa ne-discoid lupus. Kodwa kusobala ukuthi ibangelwa okuthile okungahambi kahle ngesimiso sethu somzimba sokuzivikela. Futhi, lesi sifo sivame ukusabalala emindenini . Lokhu kusho ukuthi uma othile emndenini wakho enesifo sokuzivikela komzimba njenge-lupus, nawe ungase ube sengozini.
Ake sibheke ukuthi obani abasengozini enkulu yokuthola i-discoid lupus.
| Isici sengozi | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Ubulili | Abesifazane basengozini enkulu kakhulu yokuthola lesi sifo kunabesilisa. |
| Ubudala | Ngokuvamile kwenzeka kakhulu kubantu abaneminyaka ephakathi kuka-15 no-44. Kuvamile kakhulu kwabesifazane abaseminyakeni yabo yama-30 no-40. |
| Umbala wesikhumba/uhlanga | Ucwaningo lukhombisile ukuthi abantu abanesikhumba esimnyama (isib., labo abadabuka e-Afrika noma e-Asia) basengozini enkulu yokuthola lesi sifo kunalabo abanesikhumba esikhanyayo . |
Ziyini izimpawu nezinkinga ze-discoid lupus?
Uphawu oluyinhloko yizilonda ze-discoid esikhulume ngazo ekuqaleni.
- Indawo: Ivame ukubonakala ekhanda nasebusweni, kodwa ingabonakala nakwezinye izingxenye zomzimba, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezivezwe elangeni.
- Izici: La mabala ngokuvamile awabuhlungu, futhi awalunywa . Abomvu, aphakeme kancane, futhi ngezinye izikhathi abonakala enamaxolo ebusweni.
- Izimo zakamuva: Ngemva kokuba la mabala epholile, angase abe nezibazi futhi ashintshe umbala . Ngezinye izikhathi isikhumba singase sibe mhlophe noma sibe nsundu/simnyama.
Izinkinga ezingaba khona
- Ukulahlekelwa izinwele: Uma la mabala ebonakala ekhanda, izinwele kuleyo ndawo zingawa. Ingxenye embi kakhulu ukuthi uma kuvela isibazi kuleyo ndawo, ukukhula kwezinwele kungase kume unomphela .
- Ingozi yomdlavuza wesikhumba:Uma unezindawo ezibizwa ngokuthi i-discoid lupus spots isikhathi eside, kunethuba elincane kakhulu lokuthola umdlavuza wesikhumba kulezo zindawo. Ikakhulukazi uma lezi zindawo zikhula emlonyeni, kungase kube nengozi eyengeziwe yokuthola uhlobo lomdlavuza wesikhumba olubizwa ngokuthi i-squamous cell carcinoma.
- I-Chilblain Lupus: Lesi yisimo esingavamile kakhulu. Kulesi simo, kuvela amabala ansomi noma amabala aluhlaza esikhumbeni uma evezwa emakhazeni. Lokhu kungaba buhlungu kakhulu.
Ungasithola kanjani lesi sifo?
Uma unalezi zimpawu, into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ukubona udokotela wesikhumba . Uzokuhlola bese ekwenza izivivinyo ukuqinisekisa ukuthi unesifo.
Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-skin biopsy . Lokhu kuhilela ukuthatha ingxenye encane kakhulu yesikhumba endaweni lapho indawo ingaphansi kwe-anesthesia. Bese ithunyelwa elabhorethri bese ihlolwa ngaphansi kwe-microscope. Ngokubheka izinguquko kulawo maseli, singabona ngokuqinisekile ukuthi yi-discoid lupus noma esinye isifo sesikhumba.
Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha?
I-Discoid lupus ayikwazi ukwelapheka ngokuphelele. Kodwa-ke, ukwelashwa kungasiza ekulawuleni izimpawu, kuvimbele ukuqubuka okusha, futhi kukusize uphile impilo evamile. Udokotela wakho uzokunikeza ukwelashwa okufanele ngokusekelwe ebunzimeni bezimpawu zakho.
Ezinye zezindlela zokwelapha eziyinhloko ezisetshenziswayo zibalwe ngezansi.
| Uhlobo lokwelashwa | Ukusebenza kanye nezibonelo |
|---|---|
| Amafutha e-steroid | Lawa amakhrimu asetshenziswa ngqo ekuqubukeni. Anciphisa ukuvuvukala nokuvuvukala esikhumbeni. Isibonelo: `i-fluocinolone acetonide`, `i-hydrocortisone butyrate`. |
| Imithi Yokulwa Nomalaleveva | Lawa amaphilisi owaphuzayo. Ungamangali, imithi esetshenziswa umalaleveva nayo iyasebenza kakhulu ekwelapheni i-lupus. Isiza ekunciphiseni amabala esikhumba futhi inciphise ukukhathala. Isibonelo: `hydroxychloroquine (Plaquenil®)`. |
| Imithi elawula amasosha omzimba (i-Calcineurin Inhibitors) | Lezi futhi izinhlobo zokugcoba. Zilawula ukusebenza kwesimiso sokuzivikela komzimba ngezinga elithile futhi zinciphise ukuvuvukala. Isibonelo: `tacrolimus`, `pimecrolimus`. |
| Eminye imithi yokulwa nokuvuvukala | Ezimweni lapho lesi sifo sibi kakhulu, odokotela bangase banikeze nemithi yomlomo efana ne-dapsone ne-methotrexate. |
Okubalulekile: Noma yikuphi kwalokhu kwelashwa kufanele kuqalwe kuphela ngeseluleko sikadokotela . Ungasebenzisi imithi wedwa.
Ungakuvimbela kanjani ukuqubuka kwesikhumba?
Nakhu okudingeka ukwaziwe yinoma ubani one-discoid lupus. Cishe ama-70% eziguli ezine-lupus, izimpawu ziba zimbi kakhulu uma zivezwa ekukhanyeni kwe-ultraviolet (UV) okuvela elangeni. Lokhu kusho ukuthi kungase kuvele amabala amasha, amabala akhona angase abe bomvu, noma akhule. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu kumuntu ohlala ezweni elinjengelethu elinelanga elinamandla unyaka wonke.
Ukuze uzivikele elangeni futhi uvimbele lesi sifo ukuba singabi sibi kakhulu, yenza okulandelayo:
- Gcoba isithako sokuvikela ilanga nsuku zonke ngaphambi kokuphuma elangeni. Khetha isithako sokuvikela ilanga esine -spectrum ebanzi (esivikela kokubili i-UVA ne-UVB) okungenani i-SPF 30 .
- Kungumqondo omuhle ukusebenzisa isithako sokuvikela ilanga hhayi nje kuphela lapho uphuma, kodwa nalapho uhlala endlini, ikakhulukazi uma useduze nefasitela.
- Faka futhi umuthi wokuvikela ilanga njalo emahoreni ama-4. Faka futhi ngaphambi kokujuluka noma ukungena emanzini.
- Gwema imisebe yelanga enamandla kakhulu phakathi kuka-10 ekuseni no-4 ntambama ngangokunokwenzeka.
- Uma uphuma ngaphandle, sebenzisa izinto ezifana nezingubo ezinemikhono emide, izigqoko ezinemiphetho ebanzi, kanye nezambulela .
- Ngisho nezibani ezikhanyayo ngaphakathi endlini zingakhipha imisebe ye-UV, ngakho gwema ukuhlala ngaphansi kwezibani ezinjalo isikhathi eside kakhulu.
- Ungalokothi usebenzise imibhede yokushiswa kwesikhumba .
Uma ulandela lezi zinyathelo kahle, uzokwazi ukulawula izimpawu zakho ngezinga elikhulu.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Discoid lupus uhlobo lwe-lupus oluhlala isikhathi eside oluthinta kakhulu isikhumba.
- Lokhu kubangela ukuthi kuvele amabala ayindilinga, abomvu, amise okwezinhlamvu zemali ebusweni nasekhanda. Ngokuvamile lokhu akulimazi noma kuyalunywa.
- Nakuba kungelapheki ngokuphelele, izimpawu zingalawulwa kahle ngokwelashwa.
- Ukuzivikela elangeni kuyinto ebalulekile! Ukusebenzisa i-sunscreen nsuku zonke nokugwema ukukhanya kwelanga okunamandla kubaluleke kakhulu ukuvimbela lesi sifo ukuthi singabi sibi kakhulu.
- Uma unezindawo ezinjengalezi esikhumbeni sakho, qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela wesikhumba ukuze akunike iseluleko.
- Ungaklwebhi noma uthinte amabala esikhumba. Lokhu kungaholela ezibazini nasekuthelelekeni.
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