Ake sifunde nge-Cisternogram Scan: ukuhlolwa okukhethekile okubheka ukugeleza koketshezi ngaphakathi kobuchopho!

Sawubona! Namuhla sizokhuluma ngokuhlolwa okuyinkimbinkimbi kancane ngegama, kodwa okubaluleke kakhulu ebuchosheni bethu kanye nasentanjeni yomgogodla. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-Cisternogram Scan. Mhlawumbe udokotela ukutshelile ngalokhu, noma uke wezwa ngakho ndawana thize. Ngakho-ke, ake sibone ngamazwi alula ukuthi kuyini, kungani kwenziwa, nokuthi kwenziwa kanjani? Ungakhathazeki, ngizokuchaza ngendlela ongayiqonda.

Iyini i-cisternogram?

Kalula nje, kukhona uketshezi olukhethekile olufana namanzi olugeleza ngaphakathi kwamakhanda ethu kanye nasemgogodleni wethu. Lolu ketshezi lwaziwa ngokwezokwelapha ngokuthi i-Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF ngamafuphi). Lolu ketshezi lwe-CSF lwenza imisebenzi eminingana ebaluleke kakhulu emizimbeni yethu.

Cabanga ngakho ngale ndlela:

• Le 'CSF' ifana nomuntu oletha ukudla neziphuzo, okungukuthi, izakhamzimba, ebuchosheni bethu nasemgogodleni.
• Lolu ketshezi lwe-'CSF' lusiza uhlelo lwethu lwezinzwa oluphakathi (i-CNS) ukuthi lusebenze kahle.
• Ngokufanayo, lolu ketshezi lusiza nasekuhlanzeni nasekususeni izinto ezingafuneki kanye nobuthi ezicutshini zobuchopho kanye nomgogodla.
• Enye into ebalulekile ukuthi, njengezithambisi-zithutha emotweni, zisebenza njengesivikelo futhi zivikele ubuchopho , zinciphisa amathuba okuba nokuphazamiseka kwengqondo uma ubuchopho bethu bushaywa ndawana thize.

Ngakho-ke, lokhu kuhlolwa okubizwa ngokuthi i-cistenogram kwenziwa ukuhlola ukuthi uketshezi lwe-CSF lugeleza kahle yini ngaphakathi kobuchopho bakho kanye nomgogodla wakho, ukuthi kukhona yini ukuvaleka endaweni ethile, noma ukuthi kukhona yini ukuvuza endaweni ethile.

Empeleni lolu uhlobo lokuskena olubizwa ngokuthi "i-Nuclear Medicine Imaging". Yingakho ngezinye izikhathi lubizwa ngokuthi "i-Radionuclide Cisternogram." Okwenzekayo kulokhu ukuthi inani elincane kakhulu lezinto ezinemisebe lifakwa emgogodleni wakho. Ungakhathazeki, ngeke likulimaze kakhulu, lisetshenziswa kuphela ngesilinganiso esiphephile . Kungenxa yalolu hlobo ukuthi udokotela angabona ngokucacile indlela yoketshezi lwe-"CSF" ngesikhathi sokuskena.

Kudingeka nini lokhu kuskena?

Manje ungase ucabange, "Kulungile, hlobo luni lwenkinga umuntu onalesi simo angaluthola nge-cistenogram?" Ngokuvamile, uma udokotela esola ukuthi ubuchopho bakho noma umgogodla wakho kuvuza uketshezi lwe-CSF (ukuvuza kwe-CSF) (okusho ukuthi ingcindezi ebuchosheni/emgogodleni wakho yehlile), noma ukuthi lolu ketshezi lwe-CSF luqongelele kakhulu, okusho ukuthi luvinjiwe (okusho ukuthi ingcindezi ebuchosheni/emgogodleni wakho inyukile), khona-ke lokhu kuskena kuyanconywa.

Bheka ukuthi unazo yini lezi zimpawu:

• Uzizwa sengathi ulahlekelwa yibhalansi yakho uma uhamba?
• Ingabe uvame ukuzizwa unesiyezi ?
• NgokungacabangekiIngabe uphathwa yikhanda? Ungase uzizwe sengathi ubuhlungu buya bukhula uma usukuma.
• Uzizwa sengathi unenkinga yokuzwa kancane ? Noma uzwa into efana nokukhala ezindlebeni zakho?
• Ingabe unesicanucanu nokuhlanza ?
• Uzizwa ubuhlungu entanyeni noma ukuqina?
• Ingabe uzwela ukukhanya okukhulu noma umsindo omkhulu?
• Uzizwa sengathi unenkinga yokucabanga kahle noma yokugxilisa ingqondo ? Ingabe inkumbulo yakho ibonakala iphazamisekile kancane?

Uma unesinye noma ngaphezulu salezi zimpawu, udokotela wakho angase acabangele ukuskena kwe-cisternogram.

Ngikulungiselela kanjani lokhu? Yini okufanele ngiyitshele udokotela?

Esikhathini esiningi, akukho lutho ongalulungiselela usuku ngaphambi kokuhlolwa kwe-cistenogram yakho. Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi udokotela wakho uzokunikeza imiyalelo ekhethekile mayelana nokuthi yini okufanele uyidle futhi uyiphuze ngaphambi kokuhlolwa (isibonelo, ukuzila ukudla amahora ambalwa). Lokhu kufanele kulandelwe kahle.

Kodwa into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi othile akuyise ekhaya ngemva kokuskena . Ngoba ngezinye izikhathi ungase uzizwe ungakhululekile ngemva kokuhlolwa, njengobuhlungu bekhanda, ngakho-ke akukhuthazwa ukushayela imoto wedwa.

Okunye, kufanele ukhulume nodokotela wakho ngalezi zinto, ngaphandle kokufihla lutho :

• Wake waba nanoma yikuphi ukungezwani komzimba nemithi yokubulala izinzwa, njengemithi yokubulala izinzwa yendawo noma imithi yokubulala izinzwa?
• Uma ukhulelwe noma kungenzeka ukuthi ukhulelwe, kufanele utshele udokotela wakho nakanjani ngoba lolu vivinyo lusebenzisa into ekhipha imisebe.
• Tshela udokotela wakho ngayo yonke imithi oyithathayo (hhayi leyo oyinikezwe udokotela wakho kuphela, kodwa futhi nemithi yokubulala izinhlungu, amavithamini, imithi yamakhambi, kanye nezithasiselo ozithenga ekhemisi). Kubaluleke kakhulu ukutshela udokotela wakho uma uthatha imithi yokunciphisa igazi efana ne-aspirin noma i-warfarin. Eminye imithi ingandisa ingozi yakho yokopha. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, udokotela wakho angakucela ukuthi uyeke ukuyithatha ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokuskena.

Kwenziwa kanjani lokhu kuskena kwe-cistenogram? Ake sikubheke ngemininingwane ethe xaxa.

Kulungile, manje ake sibone ukuthi singalwenza kanjani lolu vivinyo. Ungakhathazeki, ngizoluchaza kalula. Kwenziwe ngezinyathelo ezimbalwa.

Isinyathelo Sokuqala: Kufana nokuthatha amanzi kancane emhlane wakho - yilokho okushiwo ukubhoboza kwe-lumbar.

Into yokuqala okufanele uyenze 'i-Spinal Tap'. Siyibiza nangokuthi 'i-Lumbar Puncture'. Abanye abantu babiza lokhu ngokuthi 'ukuthatha amanzi emgogodleni.' Kodwa lapha, abawathathi amanzi, bamane bafaka lolo ketshezi olukhethekile.

Yilokhu okwenzekayo:

• Okokuqala, umhlane wakho ongezansi, lapho kuzofakwa khona inaliti, uzohlanzwa kahle bese kuthi kufakwe umuthi wokubulala izinzwa wendawo ukuze uwuqede . Lokhu kuzokuvimbela ukuthi ungezwa ubuhlungu. Abanye abantu banganikezwa umuthi wokudambisa ukuze ubasize baphumule futhi banciphise ukukhathazeka kwabo. Akuvamile kakhulu, futhi ezimweni ezikhethekile kuphela, lapho umuthi wokubulala izinzwa ojwayelekile ungasetshenziswa khona ukuze uqede.
• Uzobe usucelwa ukuthi ulale ubheke phansi etafuleni lokuhlolwa, noma ulale ngohlangothi lwakho amadolo akho esondele esifubeni sakho, cishe njengokungathi ugobile . Lokhu kuvumela isikhala esithe xaxa phakathi komgogodla wakho.
• Okulandelayo, udokotela ufaka inaliti encane kakhulu, engenalutho emgogodleni wakho. Lokhu kuqondiswa ngokusebenzisa amathambo omgogodla, endaweni lapho kukhona khona uketshezi lwe-CSF (olubizwa ngokuthi isikhala se-subarachnoid). Lokhu kwenziwa kusetshenziswa inqubo ebizwa ngokuthi i-fluoroscopy (indlela ekuvumela ukuthi ubone izithombe ze-X-ray ezibukhoma). Ngakho-ke asikho isidingo sokukhathazeka ngokuthi inaliti iya endaweni engafanele.
• Kungaleyo naliti lapho ingxenye encane yento ekhipha imisebe eshiwo ngaphambilini ifakwa khona oketshezini lwakho lwe-CSF .
• Uma lowo msebenzi usuqediwe, inaliti isuswa ngokucophelela, bese kufakwa iplasta encane kuleyo ndawo.

Bese kuskenwa

Ngemva kokubhoboza i-lumbar kanye nokujova izinto ezikhipha imisebe, udinga ukuyinika isikhathi sokuhamba nge-CSF iye ebuchosheni. Ngakho kuzodingeka ulale embhedeni cishe ihora elilodwa futhi uhlale uthule ngangokunokwenzeka . Ngezinye izikhathi ungase welulekwe ukuthi ungaphenduli ikhanda lakho eceleni.

Ngemuva kwalokho, ngokuvamile phakathi kwehora elilodwa kuya kwayisithupha kamuva , udokotela uzoqala ukuskena umgogodla wakho nekhanda. Lokhu kusebenzisa ikhamera ekhethekile (i-`Gamma Camera`) engathola indawo yezinto ezikhipha imisebe. Lezi zithombe zingase zithathwe ku-`CT scan (Computed Tomography)` noma ku-`MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging`. Yilokhu okubonisa ngokucacile uketshezi lwe-`CSF` olugeleza kulo.

Ngemva kokuskena kokuqala, ungaya ekhaya. Kodwa-ke, ngokuvamile kuzodingeka ubuye esibhedlela ngemva kwamahora angu-24 ukuze uthole okunye ukuskena . Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi kuthatha cishe usuku ukuthi izinto ezikhipha imisebe zisakazeke ebuchosheni bonke (ama-ventricles nama-tankens). Abanye abantu bangase babe nokunye ukuskena ngemva kwamahora angu-48 noma angu-72 . Udokotela wakho uzonquma. Kodwa ungakhathazeki, ngeke kudingeke wenze ukubhoboza kwe-lumbar ngaphambi kokuskena ngakunye . Kuzokwenziwa kuphela ngosuku lokuqala.

Ingabe kuyabuhlungu uma wenza lokhu?

Umbuzo omkhulu nokwesaba abantu abaningi abanakho ukuthi "Ingabe kuzobuhlungu?". Uma ngikhuluma iqiniso, lapho umuthi wokubulala izinzwa wendawo ufakwa emgogodleni wakho , kungase kuzwakale sengathi kukhona ukusha okuncane, noma njengokulunywa yizintuthwane, imizuzwana embalwa . Ngemva kwalokho, indawo izophela, ngakho-ke lapho inaliti ifakwa endaweni yokubhoboza i-lumbar , uzozwa ukucindezeleka okuncane, kodwa akukho ubuhlungu bangempela.Abanye abantu bangase bangezwa lutho nhlobo.

Akukho buhlungu nhlobo ngesikhathi sokuskena. Kufanele nje ulale unganyakazi embhedeni wesikena.

Ingabe ikhona imiphumela emibi?

Njenganoma yikuphi ukuhlolwa kwezokwelapha, kunemiphumela emibi emincane engenzeka ngemva kokuhlolwa kwe-cistenogram. Kodwa-ke, ayibi kakhulu. Imiphumela emibi evame kakhulu yile:

• Kungase kube nobuhlungu noma imihuzuko endaweni yomjovo (emhlane) izinsuku ezimbalwa.
• Ikhanda elibuhlungu . Ikakhulukazi uma i-CSF encane ivuza endaweni lapho kwenziwa khona ukubhoboza kwe-lumbar (lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi ikhanda elibuhlungu elivela ngemva kokubhoboza kwe-lumbar noma ikhanda elibuhlungu lomgogodla), ingcindezi engaphakathi kwekhanda ingase yehle kancane, okubangela ikhanda elibuhlungu elibuhlungu. Lokhu kuvame ukuncipha uma ulele phansi futhi kukhuphuke uma usukuma noma usukuma. Ungakhathazeki, lokhu kungokwesikhashana . Kuzophela ngokwako phakathi namahora noma izinsuku ezimbalwa uma uphuza amanzi amaningi futhi uphumule. Uma ungakwazi ukubekezelela, tshela udokotela wakho, kunemithi yokukwenza.

Ziyini izingozi?

Izinkinga ezinkulu ngemva kokuhlolwa kwe-cistenogram azivamile, okusho ukuthi azivamile ukwenzeka . Kodwa-ke, kuhle ukuqaphela ngisho nezingozi ezincane kakhulu ezingase zenzeke. Khona-ke ngeke kube khona ukwesaba okungadingekile.

• Ukusabela kokungezwani komzimba (njengokulunywa, ukuqubuka) kungase kwenzeke ezintweni ezikhipha imisebe noma emithini yokudambisa izinhlungu/yokuthobisa. Kodwa-ke, lokhu nakho akuvamile kakhulu.
• Akuvamile kakhulu ukuthi isimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-'Brainstem Herniation' (okusho ukuthi izicubu zobuchopho ziyakhishwa ngenxa yokucindezeleka ngaphakathi kwekhanda) singenzeka ngenxa yenkinga yokucindezeleka ebuchosheni. Odokotela bakhathazekile ngalokhu.
• Kungase kuvele ukopha ebuchosheni noma emgogodleni kusukela endaweni lapho inaliti ifakwe khona. Lokhu kuyinto abantu abathatha imithi yokunciphisa igazi okufanele bayiqaphele.
• Ukutheleleka kungangena endaweni lapho inaliti ifakwe khona. Indlela engcono kakhulu yokuvimbela lokhu ukuyihlanza kahle.
• Akuvamile kakhulu ukuthi kube nomonakalo omncane wemizwa .

Lokhu kuhlolwa kusebenzisa into ekhipha imisebe, ngakho-ke ubhekene nenani elincane lemisebe . Kodwa kuyisilinganiso esiphansi kakhulu, cishe esifana nese-X-rays ezimbalwa ezivamile . Ingozi yokulimala kwesikhathi eside iphansi kakhulu. Yingakho abesifazane abakhulelwe belulekwa ukuthi bangabi nayo.

Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuthi imiphumela ivele? Bathini?

Ngemva kokuskena kwakho kokugcina, udokotela onguchwepheshe (udokotela we-'Radiologist' noma uchwepheshe wezokwelapha i-Nuclear Medicine') uzobuyekeza izithombe ngokucophelela bese ebhala umbiko. Lokhu kungathatha izinsuku ezimbalwa noma isonto . Udokotela wakho uzokutshela ukuthi udinga ukuza nini ukuze athole imiphumela.

Manje ake sibone ukuthi le miphumela ithini.

Uma umphumela ojwayelekile...

Cabanga ukuthi imiphumela yakho ye-cisternogram ibuye "njengojwayelekile". Lezo izindaba ezinhle! Kusho ukuthi uketshezi lwakho lwe-"CSF" lugeleza kahle, ngesivinini esifanele, ngobuchopho bakho kanye nomgogodla . Lokho kusho ukuthi akukho ukuvuza kwe-"CSF", akukho ukuvinjelwa, futhi akukho ukuvinjelwa.

Yini engaba umphumela ongavamile?

Manje, uma imiphumela ibuya njengokuthi "Akujwayelekile," kusiza udokotela wakho ukuthola ukuthi yini ebangela izimpawu zakho. Umphumela ongajwayelekile ungabonisa okukodwa noma ngaphezulu kwalokhu okulandelayo:

• Ukuvuza kwe-CSF: Uma iskeni ikhombisa izinto ezikhipha imisebe eziphuma ohlelweni lwe-CSF, kubizwa ngokuthi ukuvuza kwe-CSF. Lokhu kuvame ukwenzeka ngemva kokulimala kobuchopho okubuhlungu (i-TBI), ukuphuka kogebhezi, noma ukulimala kwesembozo sangaphandle somgogodla (okuthiwa i-dura mater). Kungaphinde kwenzeke kaningi ngemva kokuhlinzwa kobuchopho noma ezinye izinqubo zezokwelapha, njengokubhoboza i-lumbar.
• Izinkinga nge-CSF shunts: Kufakwa ithubhu elincane (i-shunt) ngaphakathi kobuchopho ukuze kukhishwe uketshezi lwe-CSF kwenye indawo njengokwelashwa kwe-hydrocephalus (amanzi ebuchosheni). Uma i-shunt ingasebenzi kahle, njengokuthi ivinjiwe noma inezinye izinkinga, lokhu kuskena kungakuthola lokho.
• I-Hydrocephalus: Lokhu kwenzeka lapho uketshezi lwe-cerebrospinal (CSF) luqoqana khona ema-ventricles obuchopho, okubangela ukuba akhule futhi abeke ingcindezi ebuchosheni. Simane sikubiza ngokuthi "i-hydrocephalus." Lokhu kungaqinisekiswa ngokubheka iphethini yokugeleza kwe-CSF ku-cistenogram.
• `I-Normal-Pressure Hydrocephalus (NPH): Kulesi simo, uketshezi lwe-`CSF` luqoqana nasezimbotsheni zobuchopho, izimbotshana ziba zinkulu, kodwa ingcindezi engaphakathi kobuchopho ayikhuphuki kakhulu njengoba kwakushiwo. Njengoba igama lisho, yi-"Normal-Pressure". Lesi simo sibonakala kubantu abadala. Izimpawu ezinjengobunzima bokuhamba, ubunzima bokulawula umchamo, kanye nokulahlekelwa yinkumbulo zingase zibe khona.
• `I-Pseudotumor Cerebri`: Abanye abantu babiza lokhu ngokuthi `isimila sobuchopho esingamanga`. Okusho ukuthi, kukhona ukwanda kwengcindezi ngaphakathi kobuchopho ngaphandle kwesimila sangempela, futhi ngaphandle kwesizathu esibonakalayo. Odokotela babiza lokhu ngokuthi `Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension`. Kulokhu, futhi, i-cistenogram inganikeza umbono wokugeleza kwe-`CSF`.

Ngakho-ke, udokotela wakho uzothatha le miphumela, izimpawu zakho, kanye neminye imibiko yokuhlolwa ndawonye ukuze anqume ukuthi isimo sakho siyini nokuthi yini okudingeka yenziwe ngaso.

Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya

Kulungile, ake siphinde sixoxe ngamaphuzu abaluleke kakhulu kulokho esikhulume ngakho:

• I-scan ye-cisternogram iyisivivinyo esikhethekile esibheka ukugeleza koketshezi olubalulekile olubizwa ngokuthi i-'CSF' (uketshezi lwe-cerebrospinal) ebuchosheni bethu nasemgogodleni, nokuthi ngabe kukhona yini ukuvuza noma ukuvaleka noma kuphi.
• Uma udokotela ekutshela ukuthi wenze lokhu, kungenzeka ukuthi basola ukuthi kukhona ukuvuza kwe-CSF noma ukwakheka koketshezi emzimbeni. Ungase ube nezimpawu ezihlobene nalokho.
• Lokhu kuhlolwa kuhilela ukubhobozwa kwe-lumbar (inaliti efakwe emgogodleni) okulandelwa uchungechunge lweziskeni ngosuku olulodwa noma ngaphezulu.
• Nakuba kungase kube nokungakhululeki okuncane nemiphumela emibi, izingozi ezinkulu azivamile.

Uma uneminye imibuzo, ukukhathazeka, noma ukungabaza ngalolu vivinyo, ungazigodli lutho, ungesabi ukubuza udokotela wakho. Bazokuchazela konke kabanzi.

Uma usuzobhekana nokuhlolwa okunje, ngikufisela ukululama okusheshayo!

I- Cisternogram, i-Cisternogram Scan, i-CSF, i-Cerebrospinal Fluid, Ukuhlolwa Kobuchopho, Umgogodla, Isistimu Yezinzwa