Kwenzekani njengoba umntwana esondela? Ake sifunde ngqo ngezigaba zokubeletha!

Usuzoletha ingane yakho emhlabeni. Lokhu kuyinto ekhethekile kakhulu, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo, kuyinto eyesabekayo futhi ethokozisayo. Ngakho-ke, le nqubo yokubeletha yenzeka kanjani? Namuhla, sizoxoxa ngezigaba ezahlukene zayo. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi uqaphele lezi zinto, ngoba ungabhekana nalesi sipiliyoni esikhethekile kahle nangokuzethemba.

Kalula nje, ukubeletha kuyinqubo lapho ingane yakho kanye ne-placenta ziphuma esibelethweni sakho ngesitho sangasese sowesifazane. Kunezigaba ezintathu eziyinhloko zalokhu.

1. Isigaba sokuqala: Ukuqala kokubeletha, okusho ukuthi kuqala ukufinyela kwesibeletho.

2. Isigaba sesibili: Ukusunduza nokuzalwa komntwana.

3. Isigaba sesithathu: Ukulethwa kwe-placenta.

Odokotela babiza lokhu ngokuthi "ukubeletha okuvamile." Kodwa khumbula, akuwona wonke umuntu okubeletha "okuvamile." Ungase ubhekane nezinye zalezi zigaba, kodwa ingane yakho ingazalwa ngokuhlinzwa (ukuhlinzwa kwe-C). Noma, uma ubuhlelwe ukuhlinzwa kwe-C, ungase ungahlangabezani nalesi sigaba sokuqala nhlobo. Futhi uma unokubeletha okubangelwayo, kungase kuhluke kancane. Okuhlangenwe nakho kwawo wonke umuntu okubelethayo kuhlukile.

Kuvamile ukuzizwa wesaba uma ungazi kahle ukuthi kuzokwenzekani ngento enkulu kangaka. Nakuba odokotela abakunakekelayo benombono ocacile wokuthi ukubeletha kwakho kuzoba njani, abakwazi ukukutshela kahle ukuthi ukubeletha kwakho kuzohamba kanjani. Kodwa ungakhathazeki, bazoba nawe futhi bakusize kulolu hambo. Umgomo wakho kanye nodokotela kuphela ukubeletha okunempilo.

Isigaba sokuqala sokubeletha: ukuqala kobuhlungu bokubeletha

Lesi sigaba siqala lapho isibeletho sakho siqala ukuba nokufinyela okuvamile, okuyizifinyezo ezibuhlungu. Lesi sigaba siphela lapho umlomo wesibeletho sakho uvulekile futhi ususiwe.

Odokotela bavame ukukutshela ukuthi ubeke isikhathi phakathi kokusikwa. Uma wenza lokhu, kulula ukukala isikhathi ngemizuzwana kusukela ngesikhathi ukusikwa okukodwa kuqala kuze kube yilapho ukusikwa okulandelayo kuqala.

Ukusikwa okuvamile ukusikwa okunamandla kakhulu futhi kuza ngezikhathi ezijwayelekile, cishe njalo ngemizuzu emithathu kuya kwemihlanu. Lokhu kuhlukile ekusikweni "kokuqeqeshwa" okuvamile, okungaqinile kakhulu, futhi okungavami ukubizwa ngokuthi iBraxton Hicks. Ungasikwa wedwa, noma ungaba nokubeletha esibhedlela (ukungeniswa kwezokwelapha).

Lesi sigaba sokuqala singahlala noma kuphi kusukela emahoreni ayi-12 kuya kwangu-19. Uma uke waba nezingane ngaphambili, lesi sigaba singase siphele ngokushesha.

Kunezinye izigaba ezimbili ezincane kulesi sigaba sokuqala:

• Ukubeletha kwasekuqaleni: Lokhu kwenzeka lapho umlomo wesibeletho sakho uvuleka cishe ngamasentimitha ayi-6. Lokhu kuvame ukuthatha amahora ayi-6 kuya kwayi-12.
• Ukubeletha Okusebenzayo: Lokhu kwenzeka lapho umlomo wesibeletho sakho uvulekile ngokuphelele, ube ngamasentimitha ayi-10. Ungase uzizwe sengathi ufuna ukusunduza ingane yakho. Lokhu kuvame ukuthatha amahora angaba ngu-4 kuya kwangu-8.

Udokotela wakho cishe uzokutshela ukuthi ungahlala ekhaya phakathi nalesi sigaba sokuqala sokubeletha. Kodwa-ke, kufanele ulungele ukuya esibhedlela. Uma usuqalile ukubeletha, kuzodingeka uhlale esibhedlela.

Yini ongayenza ukuze isigaba sokuqala sibe lula?

Kulesi sigaba sokuqala, ungase ukuthole kuwusizo ukwenza okulandelayo:

• Yelula kancane kancane.
• Zindla.
• Hamba uye emuva naphambili, shintsha izikhundla.
• Prakthiza izivivinyo zokuphefumula okujulile.
• Geza noma ugeze ngamanzi afudumele (hhayi ashisayo).
• Sebenzisa ibhola lokubeletha ukusiza ngesikhathi sokubeletha.
• Hamba.

Futhi, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba nomuntu ozokusekela. Kungaba umyeni wakho, ilungu lomndeni, umngane, noma ngisho ne-`(doula)`.

Uma ubuhlungu bungabekezeleleki, khuluma nethimba lakho lezokwelapha ngezinketho zokusiza ubuhlungu.

Ungalala yini unezinhlungu zokubeletha zakuqala?

Wonke umuntu ubhekana nobuhlungu ngendlela ehlukile. Ngokuvamile, kungcono ukulala phakathi nobuhlungu bokuqala bokubeletha bese uphumula uma ukwazi. Kodwa-ke, kungaba nzima kancane ukulala phakathi nobuhlungu.

Isigaba sesibili sokubeletha: ukusunduza nokubeletha

Lesi sigaba siqala lapho umlomo wesibeletho sakho usuvuleke ngokuphelele (amasentimitha ayi-10). Siphela ngokuzalwa komntwana wakho. Lokhu kungathatha noma yikuphi kusukela kusigamu sehora kuya emahoreni amaningana.

Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uyamcindezela noma cha, ingane izohamba kancane kancane iye esithweni sangasese sowesifazane. Lesi yisigaba sesibili sokubeletha:

• Ubuhlungu bufika njalo ngemizuzu emibili kuya kwemihlanu, buhlala cishe imizuzwana engama-60-90.
• Kuzodingeka ucindezele lapho kufika ubuhlungu, kodwa ungaphumula ngesikhathi sobuhlungu. Udokotela uzokutshela ukuthi ucindezele nini.
• Ikhanda lengane yakho liqala ukuvela (imiqhele yengane).
• Udokotela uzokusiza ukukhipha umntwana esithweni sangasese sowesifazane.
• Ngemva kokuzalwa komntwana, udokotela usika intambo yesisu.

Ungase ube nokuhlinzwa okuhleliwe noma okuphuthumayo esikhundleni sokubeletha ngesitho sangasese sowesifazane.

Isigaba sesithathu sokubeletha: Ukubeletha kwe-placenta

Lesi sigaba siqala ngemva kokuzalwa komntwana futhi siphela ngokukhishwa kwe-placenta. Lesi yisigaba esifushane kakhulu, ngokuvamile esithatha imizuzu engaphezu kwengu-30.

Esigabeni sesithathu sokubeletha:

• Ubuhlungu buqala ukubuya phakathi kwemizuzu emi-5 kuya kwengama-30 ngemva kokuzalwa komntwana. Lobu buhlungu busiza i-placenta ukuthi ihlukane nesibeletho.
• Kungase kudingeke ukuthi ucindezele. Noma udokotela angase acindezele isisu sakho ukuze asize i-placenta iphume.
• Kungase kube nokopha okukhulu isikhashana, kungaba lapho i-placenta iphuma noma ngemva kwalokho.
• Abanye omama bangase bazizwe bebanda noma benomkhuhlane. Uma unalezi zimpawu, qiniseka ukuthi utshela udokotela wakho.

Uma wenze ukuhlinzwa kwe-C-section, udokotela uzosusa i-placenta lapho umntwana ekhishwa esibelethweni.

Udokotela uzohlola ukuqinisekisa ukuthi i-placenta ikhishwe ngokuphelele. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi imikhiqizo egciniwe yokukhulelwa ingabangela izinkinga. Uma uke wahlinzwa i-episiotomy (ukusikwa phakathi kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane ne-anus) noma uma isitho sakho sangasese sowesifazane sidabukile, udokotela uzothunga i-placenta ngemva kokuba isiphumile.

Ukubeletha kuqala kanjani? Kubangelwa yini?

Ososayensi abaqiniseki ukuthi ukubeletha kuqala kanjani ngempela, kodwa bacabanga ukuthi kuwumphumela wochungechunge lwezinguquko zamakhemikhali esibelethweni sakho nasesibelethweni. Umzimba wakho kanye nomntwana wakho banegalelo kulezi zinguquko.

Isibeletho sakho, esiqinile futhi sivaliwe ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, kufanele sibe sincane futhi sivuleke ngesikhathi sokubeletha. Isibeletho sakho kufanele siqale ukufinyela (ukucindezela).

Ochwepheshe bakholelwa ukuthi lapho ingane yakho isilungele ukuzalwa, umzimba wakho ukhipha into encane evuselela ama-hormone akho bese iqala inqubo yokubeletha. Kwabaningi abantu, lokhu kwenzeka ngokwemvelo phakathi kwamasonto angu-37 no-42 okukhulelwa. Kwezinye izimo, udokotela uzobangela ukubeletha ngokwenziwa.

Kunezici ezimbili eziyinhloko ezithinta ukuqala nokuqhubeka kokubeletha:

• Ama-Prostaglandin: Lezi izinto ezisebenza njengama-hormone. Zikhiqizwa amaseli esibelethweni. Zisiza umlomo wesibeletho ukuthi uvuleke futhi isibeletho sifinyele.
• I-Oxytocin: Uma ingane yakho isunduza umlomo wesibeletho sakho, ivuselela indlala ye-pituitary yakho ukuthi ikhiphe i-hormone ebizwa ngokuthi i-oxytocin. Le oxytocin iya esibelethweni sakho futhi ibangele ukufinyela.

Kungase kube nezimpawu eziningana zokuqala ezibonisa ukuthi ukubeletha sekuzoqala. Lezi yizi:

• Ukuhlungu obusemhlane
• Ukuphuma kwe-mucus okunegazi (`umbukiso wegazi` - ukudlula kwe-`i-mucus plug`)
• Uhudo
• Ukuzixakekisa ngezinto ezifana nokuhlanza indlu nokuhlela izinto ('Ukwakha izidleke')

Ingabe ukubeletha sekuqalile ngempela? Yiziphi izimpawu zokuqala?

Kungaba nzima ukwazi ngokuqinisekile ukuthi ngabe uyasibeletha ngempela. Uma lona kuyingane yakho yokuqala, kulula ukuphambanisa ezinye izimpawu, njengokusikwa okungajwayelekile kukaBraxton Hicks, nokubeletha kwangempela. Kukhona iphethini yokubeletha kwangempela, futhi kancane kancane iyanda ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Uma ubeletha ngempela, qaphela lezi zinto ezintathu:

• Imvamisa:Uba nezinsini kangaki? Gcina irekhodi lazo encwadini noma kuhlelo lokusebenza lokubeletha efonini yakho ukuze ubone ukuthi ziyafika ngezikhathi ezithile.
• Ubude: Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukujiya ngakunye? Njengoba ukubeletha kuqhubeka, ubude bokujiya buzokhula. Gcina iwashi noma isibali sikhathi efonini yakho eduze bese uqopha ubude bokujiya ngakunye.
• Ukuqina: Ingabe ubuhlungu obuzwayo buyanda kancane kancane? Ungase uzizwe ubuhlungu buqine kakhulu njengoba udlula ezigabeni zokubeletha. Landelela ukuthi ubuhlungu bakho buzizwa kanjani ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Kuyini "umsebenzi ongavamile"?

Ukuze kuvikelwe impilo yakho nomntwana wakho, odokotela balandela iziqondiso ezichaza ukuthi yini edala "umsebenzi ojwayelekile." Benza lokhu ukuze bazi ukuthi bangenelele nini ukuze bavimbele izinkinga. Ngaphambi kokuba kwenziwe noma yikuphi ukungenelela kwezokwelapha, ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lizochaza ukukhathazeka kwabo kanye nezinketho ezitholakalayo kuwe.

Izinto ezingavamile esigabeni sokuqala

Odokotela bacabanga ukuthi ukubeletha kusenesikhathi kufanele kuthathe isikhathi eside uma :

• Uma uthola umntwana okokuqala, kuzothatha amahora angaphezu kwangu-20.
• Uma uke waba nezingane ngaphambili, kungaphezu kwamahora ayi-14.

Odokotela bacabanga ukuthi ukubeletha okusebenzayo kufanele kuthathe isikhathi eside uma :

• Uma ulwelwesi lwakho luqhumile futhi usube nokubeletha amahora amane, umlomo wakho wesibeletho awukhuliswanga ngaphezu kwamasentimitha ayi-6.
• Uma amanzi akho ephuka, unikezwe i-oxytocin (Pitocin®), kanti umlomo wakho wesibeletho awukakhuli ngaphezu kwamasentimitha angu-6 ngemva kwamahora ayisithupha okubeletha.

Izinto ezingavamile esigabeni sesibili

Odokotela babheka isigaba sesibili sokubeletha njengesesikhathi eside uma:

• Uma uthola umntwana okokuqala, lesi sigaba sithatha amahora angaphezu kwamathathu ngaphandle kwe-epidural, noma amahora angaphezu kwamane nge-epidural.
• Uma uke waba nezingane ngaphambili, lesi sigaba sithatha amahora angaphezu kwamabili ngaphandle kwe-epidural, noma amahora angaphezu kwamathathu nge-epidural.

Izinto ezingavamile esigabeni sesithathu

Odokotela babheka isigaba sesithathu njengesingavamile uma i-placenta ihlala esibelethweni sakho imizuzu engaphezu kwengu-30 ngemva kokuzalwa komntwana.

Kunini lapho kudingeka uye esibhedlela?

Into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ukuhlala esibhedlela ngesikhathi ubeletha. Lesi yisigaba sesibili sesigaba sokuqala sobeletha.

Uma unezinsini ezihlala okungenani ihora, shayela udokotela wakho noma iwadi yokubeletha esibhedlela. Uma amanzi akho ephuka, shayela udokotela wakho noma isibhedlela, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uzwa ubuhlungu noma cha. Uma ucabanga ukuthi usesesigabeni sokuqala sokubeletha, noma uma ucabanga ukuthi lezi yizinsini zeBraxton Hicks, yazisa ithimba lakho lezempilo ukuthi kwenzekani.

Funa iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha uma unalezi zimpawu:

• Ubuhlungu besifuba
• Ukuzizwa unesizungu noma ukuphelelwa amandla (i-syncope)
• Isicanucanu esikhulu nokuhlanza
• Ubunzima bokuphefumula (ukuphelelwa umoya)
• Ukuvuvukala kwemilenze, izingalo, noma ubuso (i-edema)
• Ukopha okukhulu
• Ukwehla okukhulu kokunyakaza kwengane

Kwenzekani uma uya esibhedlela?

Uma ufika esibhedlela, kuzodingeka ubhalisele ekhawunteni lokubhalisa egunjini lokubeletha. Cishe uzothunyelwa ekamelweni 'lokuhluza' kuqala. Lokhu kuyingxenye yenqubo yokwamukelwa. Izibhedlela zivame ukucela ukuthi ulethe umuntu oyedwa kuphela egumbini 'lokuhluza'.

Ngemva kwegumbi elithi 'Triage', uzoyiswa egumbini lokubeletha, lokubeletha, kanye nelokululama (igumbi elithi 'LDR'):

• Uzonikezwa ingubo yasesibhedlela ozoyigqoka.
• Udokotela uzohlola ukushaya kwenhliziyo yakho, umfutho wegazi, kanye nomkhuhlane.
• Isikrini sangaphandle sengane sibekwe eduze kwesisu sakho ukuze kulinganiswe ukufinyela kwesibeletho kanye nokushaya kwenhliziyo kwengane.
• Udokotela uzokwenza ukuhlolwa komlomo wesibeletho ukuze abone ukuthi ukubeletha sekuhambe ibanga elingakanani.
• Ungase ube nomugqa we-IV (uhlobo lomugqa we-intravenous) ofakwe emthanjeni engalweni yakho ukuze ukunike uketshezi kanye nomuthi.

Kuzodingeka ngihlale isikhathi esingakanani esibhedlela?

Ubude besikhathi ohlala ngaso esibhedlela buxhomeke esibhedlela kanye nohlobo lokubeletha onakho. Ngokuvamile, kuzodingeka uhlale esibhedlela isikhathi eside uma "uhlinzwa ngokuhlinzwa", ngoba kuyindlela yokuhlinzwa. Futhi, uma unezinkinga noma izinkinga zempilo ngesikhathi sokubeletha, kungase kudingeke uhlale esibhedlela isikhathi eside.

Ingabe kukhona isigaba sesine sokubeletha?

Abanye ochwepheshe babheka amahora amabili kuya kwamathathu okuqala ngemva kokubeletha kwe-placenta njengesigaba sesine sokubeletha. Yilapho uqala khona ukusondelana nosana lwakho olusanda kuzalwa. Isibeletho sakho naso siqala ukukhululeka, futhi odokotela bazobheka noma yikuphi ukuphuma kwegazi okungajwayelekile.

Kuvame ukuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukubeletha?

Kumama oqalayo ukubeletha, ukubeletha kuvame ukuthatha amahora angu-12 kuya kwangu-24. Ukukhulelwa okulandelayo kuvame ukuthatha isikhathi esincane (cishe amahora angu-8 kuya kwangu-10). Isigaba sokuqala sokubeletha ngokuvamile sithatha isikhathi eside kunazo zonke.

Kujwayelekile ukuzwa imizwa eyahlukahlukene njengoba ulungiselela ukubeletha. Kuvamile futhi ukuzizwa wesaba kancane, kanye nokujabula. Ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho ngalezi zimpawu kanye nezimpawu zakho kungakusiza uqonde ukuthi yini ongayilindela.

Okokugcina, khumbula lokhu (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Ukubeletha kuyinto engavamile futhi engasoze yalibaleka empilweni kamama. Ukuqaphela lezi zigaba kuzokusiza ukuthi ulungiselele ngokwengqondo nangokomzimba lolu hambo. Khumbula, ukubeletha ngakunye kuhlukile. Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha, umndeni wakho, kanye nomlingani wakho bangabasekeli bakho abakhulu phakathi nalesi sikhathi. Bazokusiza ukuthi ubhekane nalesi sipiliyoni ngokukhululeka nangokuzethemba ngangokunokwenzeka. Ungesabi lutho, futhi uma unemibuzo noma ukungabaza, buza udokotela wakho.Ngikufisela wena nomntwana wakho ukuzalwa okunempilo nokujabulisayo!

Ukubeletha , izigaba zokubeletha, ukukhulelwa, ngemva kokubeletha, ukuba nomntwana, amathiphu ezempilo, umama nomntwana