Uthe ufuna ukubheka ngaphakathi esifubeni sakho? Ake sixoxe nge-mediastinoscopy!

Ngezinye izikhathi, lapho odokotela besola ukuthi kukhona okungahambi kahle esifubeni sakho, okungukuthi, indawo ephakathi kwamaphaphu akho, bazoyala ukuhlolwa okukhethekile ukuze bathole ukuthi kuyini ngempela. Lokho ukuhlolwa okubizwa ngokuthi i-mediastinoscopy. Igama lingase lizwakale lingavamile, kodwa namuhla sizokhuluma ngokucacile ngezinto eziningi, njengokuthi kwenzekani ngalokhu, kungani kwenziwa, ukuthi kwenziwa kanjani, nokuthi kufanele yini ukwesabe. Uma nawe utshelwe udokotela ukuthi udinga ukuhlolwa okunjalo, ngiyaqiniseka ukuthi le ndaba izobaluleka kakhulu kuwe.

Iyini le-mediastinoscopy?

Kalula nje, i-mediastinoscopy inqubo yokuhlinzwa evumela udokotela wakho ukuthi abuke kangcono isikhungo sesifuba sakho, isikhala esiphakathi kwamaphaphu akho (esibizwa ngezokwelapha ngokuthi i-mediastinum) . Le ndawo iyikhaya lezitho ezibalulekile njengenhliziyo yakho, umphimbo wakho , kanye nomphimbo wakho .

Ngakho-ke ukubheka kanjani lokhu? Odokotela basebenzisa ithuluzi elikhethekile elibizwa ngokuthi i-mediastinoscope . Lifana nepayipi elincane. Linokukhanya okuncane kanye nekhamera ngakolunye uhlangothi. Udokotela angabona lokho ikhamera ekubonayo kusikrini. Esinye isici esikhethekile saleli thuluzi ukuthi lingathatha isampula yezicubu , i-lymph node (lezi yizingxenye zesistimu elwa nezifo emzimbeni wethu), noma yini enye engavamile, njengeqhubu, bese liyithumela elabhorethri.

Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-Mediastinotomy ne-Mediastinoscopy?

Kungenzeka ukuthi uke wezwa ngelinye igama elithi, i-mediastinotomy. Zombili lezi zinqubo zihilela ukubheka indawo ephakathi kwesifuba ebizwa ngokuthi i-mediastinum bese uthatha amasampula lapho. Zombili lezi zinqubo zisetshenziselwa ukuthola ukuthi isifo esifana nomdlavuza sesisabalele yini.

Kodwa kunomehluko omncane. Ku-mediastinotomy, kwenziwa imbobo encane ngqo esifubeni, okusho ukuthi kwenziwa isilonda esikhumbeni ukuze kudalwe indlela. Ku-mediastinoscopy, kwenziwa i-incision encane kakhulu bese kufakwa ithubhu ebizwa ngokuthi i-mediastinoscope. Nakuba i-mediastinotomy ivumela udokotela ohlinzayo ukuthi abone isikhala esithe xaxa, i-incision inkulu kancane futhi isikhathi sokuphulukiswa sifushane. Ku-mediastinoscopy, i-incision incane, ngakho-ke ukuphulukiswa kwenzeka ngokushesha.

Kungani kwenziwa i-mediastinoscopy?

Kungase kube nezizathu eziningana zokuthi kungani udokotela angase akucele ukuthi wenze lokhu kuhlolwa.

• Isizathu esiyinhloko ukuhlola ngokucophelela ukuze kubonakale ukuthi kukhona yini inkinga esikhaleni esiphakathi kwamaphaphu amabili (i-mediastinum).
• Thatha ama-lymph node lapho bese uhlola umdlavuza.Ngezinye izikhathi lokhu kwenziwa ukuze kubonakale ukuthi umdlavuza ovela kwenye indawo ususakazekele yini kula ma-lymph node.
• Uma unomdlavuza emaphashini akho, i-thymus gland (futhi i-gland encane esifubeni esingaphezulu), noma i-esophagus, lokhu kuhlolwa kungasiza ekunqumeni ubukhali, noma isigaba, somdlavuza .
• Nakuba kungavamile, lokhu kungenziwa ngezinye izikhathi uma usola ukuthi unesifo emaphashini .
• Ingaphinde ibone izifo ezifana ne -lymphoma, i-sarcoidosis (isifo esibangela ukuvuvukala okuncane ezingxenyeni ezahlukene zomzimba), noma i-mesothelioma (uhlobo lomdlavuza wamaphaphu) .

Ingabe bakhona abantu abangafuni ukwenza lolu vivinyo?

Yebo, akuwona wonke umuntu ongenza i-mediastinoscopy. Abanye abantu bangase bangafaneleki kule nqubo. Isibonelo:

• Abantu abanesimila esingelapheki esikhulu kakhulu ukuba singasuswa ngokuhlinzwa.
• Abantu abake benza i-mediastinoscopy ngaphambili (njengoba kungaba nzima kakhulu ngesikhathi sesibili).
• Abantu abaye bathola ukwelashwa ngemisebe endaweni yesifuba (ngoba izicubu kuleyo ndawo kungenzeka ukuthi zishintshile).

Ngenxa yezizathu ezinjengalezi, kuxhomeke kudokotela ukuthi anqume ukuthi lokhu kuhlolwa kulungile yini kuwe noma cha.

Ubani owenza le mediastinoscopy?

Lokhu kwenziwa udokotela ohlinzayo wenhliziyo noma udokotela ohlinzayo ojwayelekile . Kwenziwa nasegumbini lokuhlinzwa . Ngoba, uma kwenzeka okuthile ngokuzumayo, njengokuphuma kwegazi okuningi kunalokho obekulindelekile, udinga ukulungela ukuya ohlinzweni olukhulu ukuze ulawule (okungukuthi, ukuhlinzwa okusike ithambo eliphakathi lesifuba - i-sternotomy , noma ukuhlinzwa okusike phakathi kwezimbambo - i-thoracotomy) . Ngakho-ke, lokhu kwenziwa endaweni enezindawo ezinjalo.

Ukulungiselela kanjani lokhu?

Uma usuhlelelwe i-mediastinoscopy, kunezinto ezimbalwa okudingeka uzilungiselele izinsuku ezimbalwa kusengaphambili.

• Kuzodingeka wenze izivivinyo udokotela wakho aziyalayo, ezingase zihlanganise i-X-ray yesifuba, i-CT scan, kanye nokuhlolwa kokusebenza kwamaphaphu .
• Uma uthatha imithi yokunciphisa igazi, udokotela wakho cishe uzokutshela ukuthi uyeke ukuyithatha ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokuhlolwa . Cela udokotela wakho imiyalelo ethile.
• Uzocelwa ukuthi uyeke ukudla nokuphuza amahora ambalwa ngaphambi kokuhlolwa. Lokhu kusho ukuthi udinga ukuba nesisu esingenalutho.

Udokotela wakho noma umhlengikazi uzokuchazela konke lokhu. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela leyo miyalelo ngqo.

Ingabe lokhu ukuhlolwa kosuku olufanayo?

Yebo, isikhathi esiningi ungaya ekhaya ngosuku olufanayo ne-mediastinoscopy yakho (inqubo yokulaliswa esibhedlela) . Kodwa ngaphambi kokuba uye ekhaya, udokotela wakho uzohlola ukuthi ungakwenza yini lokhu:

• Ungakwazi yini ukuhamba ngaphandle kosizo?
• Ungakwazi yini ukuphuza uketshezi olufana namanzi ?
• Ungakwazi yini ukuchama ngokujwayelekile?
• Ungakwazi yini ukulawula ubuhlungu bakho ? (Okusho ukuthi, ingabe ubuhlungu buncishisiwe yimithi oyiphuzayo?)

Uma lezi zinto zilungile, ngizokuvumela ukuthi uhambe uye ekhaya.

Le mediastinoscopy yenziwa kanjani ngempela?

Manje ake sibone ukuthi singalwenza kanjani lolu vivinyo isinyathelo ngesinyathelo.

1. Okokuqala, uzonikezwa i-anesthesia ejwayelekile . Lokhu kusho ukuthi uzobe ulele ngokuphelele futhi ngeke uzwe lutho phakathi nayo yonke inqubo. Lo muthi unikezwa nge-cannula efakwe emthanjeni engalweni yakho.

2. Bese kufakwa ipayipi lokuphefumula emphinjeni wakho . Lokhu kusho ukuthi umshini uzokwenza ukuphefumula kwakho ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa.

3. Okulandelayo, udokotela ohlinzayo uzokwenza ukusika okuncane kakhulu, okungaba yi-intshi ubude, ngaphezu kwesifuba sakho, ngaphansi kwentamo yakho.

4. Ngaleso simbozo , kufakwa ithuluzi elibizwa ngokuthi i-mediastinoscope engikhulume ngalo ekuqaleni.

5. Bese uyithatha kancane uyiyise endaweni ofuna ukuyibona.

6. Kusetshenziswa amathuluzi amancane akule divayisi, amasampula angathathwa kuma-lymph node noma kwezinye izindawo ezibonakala zingajwayelekile, noma ngisho neqhubu elincane lingasuswa ngokuphelele.

7. Uma umsebenzi usuqediwe, i-mediastinoscope iyasuswa.

8. Mboza lowo mqhekezo omncane ngentambo encibilikayo noma ngeplasta yokunamathela.

9. Ngemuva kwalokho uzovuswa ekuhlinzweni kwe-anesthesia bese kukhishwa ipayipi lokuphefumula.

Cabanga nje, konke lokhu kwenzeka ulele ubuthongo obukhulu. Ngakho awuzwa lutho.

Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani lokhu?

I-mediastinoscopy ivame ukuthatha cishe ihora ukwenza. Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi kungathatha isikhathi eside uma udokotela edinga ukubheka ngokujulile, athathe amasampula engeziwe, noma uma kuvela inkinga engazelelwe (njengokopha) futhi idinga ukuhlinzwa okukhulu, njenge -sternotomy noma i-thoracotomy okukhulunywe ngayo ngenhla, ukuze kuyilawule.

Sinjani isikhathi sokululama ngemva kokuhlolwa?

Uzozizwa ulele kancane amahora ambalwa ngemva kokuvuka ngemva kokuhlinzwa.Lokhu kujwayelekile. Uma ungenazo izinhlungu eziningi ngemva kokuhlolwa, ilungu lomndeni noma umngane angakushayela ekhaya ngemoto. Ngeke ukwazi ukushayela ngalolo suku ngoba uzobe ungaphansi kwe-anesthesia.

Umlomo wakho nomphimbo wakho kuzozizwa undikindiki kancane amahora ambalwa. Lokhu kungenxa yepayipi lokuphefumula. Ukuze uphephe, odokotela ngeke bakuvumele udle noma uphuze kuze kube yilapho undikindiki udikindiki. Ngosuku olulandelayo, ungase ube nokukhwehlela, ukushaqeka, umphimbo obuhlungu, kanye nobuhlungu endaweni yokusikwa . Lokhu kuzophela ezinsukwini ezimbalwa.

Ngezinye izikhathi, ngemva kokuhlolwa, ungase futhi wenze i-X-ray yesifuba ukuqinisekisa ukuthi azikho izinkinga ngamaphaphu akho.

Ingabe lokhu kubuhlungu?

Yebo, kungase kube nobuhlungu lapho kwenziwa khona ukuhlolwa. Ngakho kuzodingeka uphuze umuthi wezinhlungu izinsuku ezimbalwa. Udokotela uzokubhalela umuthi odingekayo. Uma uphuza umuthi ngesikhathi esifanele, ubuhlungu bungalawulwa kakhulu.

Ziyini izingozi?

Esikhathini esiningi, i-mediastinoscopy ayibangeli izinkinga ezinkulu. Kodwa-ke, akuvamile kakhulu, abanye abantu bangase babhekane nalokhu okulandelayo:

• I-pneumonia (ukutheleleka kwamaphaphu).
• I-Pneumothorax (iphaphu eligcwala umoya bese liba lincane kunokuvamile. Lokhu kungadinga ukuthi kufakwe ipayipi elincane ukuze kukhishwe umoya.)
• Ukopha. (Isikhathi esiningi lokhu kuncane, kodwa akuvamile ukuba kube kubi ngokwanele ukuthi kudingeke ukuhlinzwa.)
• Isilonda esithelelekile.

Uma sikhuluma ngengozi yokufa kulesi simo, inani elincane kakhulu, cishe amaphesenti angu-0.09. Lokho kusho ukuthi abantu abangaphansi koyedwa kwabayizinkulungwane eziyishumi abahlolwa (cishe abayisishiyagalolunye kwabayizinkulungwane eziyishumi) basengozini enkulu kangaka. Ngakho-ke akukho okufanele ukhathazeke ngakho. Kodwa-ke, njengoba kunengozi encane nganoma iyiphi inqubo yokuhlinzwa, kuhle ukuqaphela lokho futhi.

Iyiphi inkinga evame kakhulu?

Ukopha kuyinkinga evame kakhulu kunezinye izinkinga, kodwa ngokuvamile iyalawuleka.

Injani imiphumela? Isitshelani?

Ulwazi olutholwe ngemuva kokuba isampula ye-biopsy ethathwe ngesikhathi se-mediastinoscopy yakho ithunyelwe elabhorethri ukuze ihlolwe luzosiza udokotela wakho ukuthi anqume isigaba somdlavuza wakho. Isigaba somdlavuza wakho siwukuthi isimila sikhulu kangakanani nokuthi ngabe sisakazekele ezindaweni eziseduze noma ezindaweni ezikude. Lolu lwazi luzosiza udokotela wakho ukuthi anqume ukuthi yikuphi ukwelashwa okungcono kakhulu kuwe.

Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukwazi imiphumela?

Kungathatha izinsuku eziningana ukuthi amasampula ezicubu ahlaziywe elabhorethri.Uma-ke kuqinisekiswa ukuthi unomdlavuza, udokotela uzodinga isikhathi esengeziwe sokudala uhlelo lokwelashwa olukufanele kakhulu ngokusekelwe kuleyo miphumela. Ngakho kuzodingeka ubekezele uze uthole imiphumela.

Kunini lapho kudingeka ushayele khona udokotela ucingo?

Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezilandelayo ngemuva kokubuyela ekhaya, shayela udokotela wakho ngokushesha noma uye esibhedlela esiseduze.

• Uma ubuhlungu besifuba bukhula, noma uma kuvela ubuhlungu obusha besifuba.
• Uma uthola umkhuhlane omubi.
• Uma kunzima ukuphefumula, uma kufana nomkhuhlane.
• Uma indawo yokusikwa ibomvu kakhulu, ivuvukele, futhi ubomvu buphuma.

Ungazinaki izinto ezinjengalezi.

Ngakho-ke, yiziphi izinto ezibaluleke kakhulu okudingeka sizikhumbule kulokhu?

Kulungile, ngakho-ke ngicabanga ukuthi usuyiqonda kangcono i-mediastinoscopy esikhulume ngayo namuhla.

Khumbula, lokhu kuyindlela yokuhlola ephephile ezimweni eziningi. Udokotela uzoyala lokhu ukuze aqonde kahle isimo sakho futhi akunikeze ukwelashwa okungcono kakhulu okudingayo.

Uma unemibuzo noma ukukhathazeka ngalokhu, ungesabi ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho. Bazokuchazela konke. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukulandela imiyalelo kadokotela ngqo. Khona-ke konke kuzohamba kahle. Ngikufisela ukululama okusheshayo!

I- Mediastinoscopy, Ukuhlolwa kwamaphaphu, Ukuhlinzwa kwesifuba, Ama-lymph node, Ukuxilongwa komdlavuza, Izifo zokuphefumula