Cabanga ukuthi uke wahlinzwa esikhundleni se-valve yenhliziyo futhi unethemba lokuthi konke kuhamba kahle. Esikhathini esiningi, konke kuhamba kahle. Kodwa, ngezinye izikhathi, kubantu abambalwa kakhulu, kusala isikhala esincane phakathi kwe-valve yokwenziwa esanda kufakwa kanye nodonga lwenhliziyo, futhi igazi elincane lingaqala ukuvuza emuva ngalo. Kufana nalapho siqinisa ipayipi lamanzi, amanzi amancane aphuma esibayeni. Kwezokwelapha, lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi 'i-Paravalvular Leak' (PVL) . Ngakho-ke namuhla sizokhuluma ngokwelashwa okulula kakhulu, kwesimanje okungavala lolu hlobo lokuvuza ngaphandle kokuvula isifuba nokwenza ukuhlinzwa okukhulu.
Kalula nje, kuyini ukuvalwa kokuvuza kwe-Paravalvular?
Lokhu kulula kakhulu. Ukuvalwa Kokuvuza Kwe-Paravalvular kuyindlela yokwelapha engadingi ukuhlinzwa. Kuvimba ukuvuza kwegazi engikushilo ekuqaleni okwenzeka ngemva kokushintsha ivalvu yenhliziyo. Ngokuvamile, lapho kuvela ukuvuza okufana nalokhu, kungalungiswa kuphela ngokwenza olunye ukuhlinzwa. Kodwa cabanga ukuthi kuyingozi kangakanani kumuntu oke wahlinzwa inhliziyo kanye ukuba aphinde ahlinzwe kakhulu. Le ngozi iphakeme kakhulu kumuntu osekhulile futhi onezinye izifo.
Ngakho-ke, odokotela benhliziyo abangenelelayo basebenzisa le ndlela yesimanje ukunciphisa le ngozi.
Ezimweni eziningi, uma ukuvuza kuncane, udokotela wakho uzokunikeza imithi. Kodwa-ke, uma umuthi ungalawuli ukuvuza futhi unomuzwa wokuthi ukuhlinzwa okwengeziwe kuyingozi kakhulu, udokotela wakho angase akuncome ukuvalwa kwe-PVL. Lena inqubo engangenisi kakhulu amandla engalungisa ukuvuza okuzungeze ivalvu yenhliziyo futhi inciphise kakhulu izimpawu zakho.
Ubani ngempela odinga lokhu kwelashwa?
Akuwona wonke umuntu odinga lokhu kwelashwa. Kodwa kunezimo ezithile ezikhethekile lapho lokhu kwelashwa kungaba wusizo olukhulu. Ake sibone ukuthi kuyini.
| Isimo | Kalula nje... |
|---|---|
| Uma uke wahlinzwa izikhathi ezingaphezu kweyodwa | Uma usuvele uhlinzwe kaningana esikhundleni se-valve yenhliziyo, kuyingozi ukwenza okunye ukuhlinzwa. Le ndlela ilungele abantu abanjalo. |
| Ukugeleza kwegazi okuya emuva | Uma ukuvuza kubangela ukuthi igazi eliningi ligeleze emuva (elimaphakathi noma elinzima), kusho ukuthi inhliziyo kufanele isebenze kanzima. Lokhu kungalimaza inhliziyo. |
| Ubunzima bokuphefumula (i-Dyspnea) | Uma unenkinga yokuphefumula ngisho noma umi nje noma wenza imisebenzi emincane, lokhu kuvuza kungaba yimbangela. Lokhu kwelashwa kunganciphisa lokho kungakhululeki. |
| I-Hemolytic Anemia | Uma igazi livuza kulowo mgobo omncane ngesivinini esikhulu, amangqamuzana abomvu egazi aqala ukuwohloka futhi abhujiswe. Lokhu kubangela i-anemia, noma ukulahlekelwa igazi. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-hemolytic anemia . |
| I-calcium deposits ezungeze i-valve (i-Calcification) | Uma i-annulus ezungeze ivalvu igcwele i-calcium, kungaba nzima ukuyithunga kabusha ngokuhlinzwa. Le ndlela iwusizo nasezimweni ezinjalo. |
| Ukutheleleka kwenhliziyo (i-Endocarditis) | Uma welashwa ukutheleleka kolwelwesi lwangaphakathi lwenhliziyo (i-endocarditis), ukuhlinzwa okukhulu kuyingozi. Le ndlela ingase icatshangelwe ezimweni ezinjalo. |
Kodwa kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi lokhu kwelashwa akufanelani nobukhulu obuthile. Kungcono ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho ngokuthi yikuphi ukwelashwa okungcono kakhulu esimweni sakho, futhi yena uzokwenza isinqumo esingcono kakhulu.
Kwenzekani ngaphambi kokwelashwa?
Ngaphambi kokuthola lolu hlobo lokwelashwa, udokotela wakho uzokwenza ukuhlolwa okuphelele. Uzohlola impilo yakho nokuthi inhliziyo yakho isebenza kanjani. Bangase futhi benze uchungechunge lwezifundo zegazi ukuze banqume ukuthi kukhona yini ukutheleleka kwenhliziyo (i-endocarditis).
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kwenziwa izivivinyo eziningana ezikhethekile ukuze kubonakale ukuthi ukuvuza kukuphi, kukhulu kangakanani, nokuthi kungafinyelelwa kanjani kukho. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukuthatha izithombe zenhliziyo.
- I-ECG (i-Electrocardiogram): Ukuhlolwa okubheka ukusebenza kukagesi kwenhliziyo.
- I-Echocardiogram: Ukuskena kwenhliziyo. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi ubone ngokucacile amakamelo enhliziyo, ama-valve, kanye nokugeleza kwegazi.
- I-Transesophageal echocardiogram (TEE): Lokhu futhi kuyi-echo scan. Kodwa-ke, kufakwa ithubhu elincane elifakwe ikhamera ngomlomo, lidluliselwe emhubheni, bese kuthathwe izithombe ezicacile zengemuva lenhliziyo. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ekutholeni indawo eqondile yokuvuza.
- I-Angiogram: Inqubo ethatha izithombe ze-X-ray zemithambo yegazi yenhliziyo ngokufaka uketshezi olukhethekile kuyo.
- I-cardiac CT scan kanye ne-cardiac MRI: Lokhu kungaveza izithombe zenhliziyo ezinemininingwane eminingi, ezinezinhlangothi ezintathu (3D).
Kwenziwa kanjani ukwelashwa futhi uzilungiselela kanjani?
Lokhu kwelashwa kwenziwa udokotela wenhliziyo ohlinzayo. Usizwa ochwepheshe bokuthwebula izithombe zenhliziyo. Lokhu kuvame ukwenziwa elabhorethri ekhethekile esibhedlela. Siyibiza ngokuthi 'i-Cardiac Catheterization Lab' .
Ukulungiselela kwakho ngaphambi kokwelashwa
Udokotela uzokunikeza imiyalelo ecacile yokuthi yini okufanele uyenze ngaphambi kokwelashwa.
- Ukudla nokuphuza: Uzocelwa ukuthi uyeke ukudla nokuphuza amahora ambalwa ngaphambi kokwelashwa.
- Izingubo: Iseluleko ngalokho okufanele ukugqoke ngalolo suku.
- Imithi: Ungase ucelwe ukuthi uyeke okwesikhashana noma ushintshe umthamo weminye imithi oyithathayo, ikakhulukazi imithi elwa nokuvuvukala noma imithi engeyona eye-steroidal anti-inflammatory (NSAIDs).
- Izinto okufanele uzazi: Kufanele nakanjani utshele udokotela wakho nganoma yikuphi ukungezwani komzimba onakho, noma yimiphi imithi, noma amavithamini owasebenzisayo.
Indlela yokwelapha eyenziwa ngayo
Ungesabi uma uzwa lokhu, inqubo ilula kakhulu.
1. Okokuqala, uzonikezwa umuthi wokuqeda izinhlungu. Ngakho ngeke uzizwe lutho, uzokhululeka.
2. Udokotela ufaka ipayipi elincane kakhulu, elibizwa ngokuthi i-catheter , emthanjeni wegazi oyinhloko (umthambo we-femoral) osemlenzeni wakho ongenhla, osesinqeni sakho.
3. Okulandelayo, ngaphansi kwesiqondiso sama-scanner, intambo ethambile nakakhulu idluliselwa kule catheter iye endaweni eqondile lapho kuvuza khona enhliziyweni.
4. Uma ukuvuza sekutholiwe, idivayisi encane (idivayisi yokuvala) idluliselwa ngocingo, ivale ngokuphelele igebe. Lokhu kufana nokuvala imbobo ngepulaki.
5. Ngemva kokuskena nokuqinisekisa ukuthi umsebenzi wenziwe kahle, umnikazi ususa ipayipi ngokucophelela.
Ngezinye izikhathi, uma unama-valve amabili okufakelwa, esikhundleni sokuwafaka phakathi kwe-groin, kungenziwa i-incision encane kakhulu ohlangothini lwesifuba bese kufakwa i-catheter ngaleyo ndlela. Into ebalulekile ukuthi akudingeki uvule isifuba sakho ngokuphelele, njengoba ubungenza ngokuhlinzwa okukhulu.
Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukwelashwa? Kwenzekani ngemva kwalokho?
Yonke inqubo ivame ukuthatha cishe amahora amabili kuya kwamathathu . Ungase uzibuze ukuthi kwenzekani kuleyo divayisi encane efakwe enhliziyweni yakho. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, izicubu zenhliziyo yakho ziyakhula zizungeze le divayisi, futhi iba yingxenye yemvelo yenhliziyo yakho.
Ngemva kokwelashwa, uzolala esibhedlela ubusuku bonke ukuze uhlolwe. Ngokuvamile uzokwazi ukuya ekhaya ngakusasa ekuseni. Udokotela wakho uzokunikeza imiyalelo ecacile yokuthi ungahlala kanjani ekhaya, ukuthi wenzeni, nokuthi ungakwenzini. Ungabuza udokotela wakho ukuthi ungabuyela nini emisebenzini yakho evamile.
Ngokuvamile, cishe ezinyangeni ezintathu ngemva kokwelashwa, kwenziwa ukuskena futhi ukuze kuhlolwe ukuthi ukuvuza kuvaliwe ngokuphelele yini nokuthi ivalvu isebenza kahle yini.
Yiziphi izinzuzo zale ndlela ngaphezu kokuhlinzwa kwendabuko?
Uma kuqhathaniswa nokuhlinzwa okuvulekile, indlela yokuvala i-PVL inezinzuzo eziningana ezicacile.
- Ukululama okusheshayo: Njengoba kungekho ukusikwa okukhulu, isikhathi sokululama sifushane kakhulu.
- Ingozi encane yokutheleleka: Njengoba kungekho nxeba elikhulu, ingozi yokutheleleka iphansi kakhulu.
- Ukuhlala esibhedlela okuncane: Njengoba ungaya ekhaya ubusuku bonke, akudingeki uhlale esibhedlela amasonto amaningi.
- Ukusikeka okuncane nezibazi: Kusala ukusikeka okuncane kakhulu emzimbeni.
Kufanele ngiphinde ngimbone nini udokotela?
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho ngqo futhi ube khona ngesikhathi sokuqokwa kwakho. Uma uthola noma yiziphi izimpawu ezingavamile ngemva kokwelashwa, njengomkhuhlane ongachazeki, ubuhlungu endaweni yembobo, noma ukuvuvukala , yazisa udokotela wakho ngokushesha.
Uma uke washintshwa ivalvu yenhliziyo, kubalulekile ukuthi uhlolwe njalo. Ngezinye izikhathi, ngisho nevalvu entsha ingavuza ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Uma lokho kwenzeka, ukwelashwa kungafaka phakathi imithi, ukuhlinzwa kabusha, noma inqubo yokuvala ukuvuza kwe-Paravalvular esixoxe ngayo. Khuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nokuthi iyiphi inketho engcono kakhulu ngezidingo zakho kanye nempilo yakho.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ukuvuza kwe-Paravalvular (PVL) ukuvuza kwegazi elizungeze ivalvu yenhliziyo ngemva kokuba isishintshiwe.
- Ukuvalwa Kokuvuza Kwe-Paravalvular kuyindlela yesimanje, engeyona eyokuhlinzwa evala lokhu kuvuza ngaphandle kokuvuselela isifuba.
- Lokhu kwelashwa kwenziwa kusetshenziswa ipayipi elincane (i-catheter) elifakwe emthanjeni wegazi emlenzeni ongaphezulu.
- Le ndlela inesikhathi esincane kakhulu sokululama, ingozi, kanye nokuhlala esibhedlela kunokuhlinzwa okukhulu.
- Udokotela wakho wenhliziyo uzonquma ukuthi lokhu kwelashwa kukufanele yini. Landela imiyalelo yakhe ngaso sonke isikhathi.
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