Ingabe kunzima ukuxilonga isifo sakho? Ake sixoxe ngodokotela bezifo ezithathelwanayo!

Sithola izifo ezahlukahlukene ekuphileni kwethu kwansuku zonke, akunjalo? Ezinye zazo ziba ngcono ezinsukwini ezimbili noma ezintathu. Kodwa kunezifo ezithile okunzima ukuzibona futhi eziyinkimbinkimbi ukuzelapha. Yilapho-ke sidinga khona usizo lodokotela abangochwepheshe. Namuhla sizokhuluma ngeqembu lodokotela abangochwepheshe. Labo odokotela bezifo ezithelelanayo, noma njengoba sisho ngesiNgisi, `( odokotela bezifo ezithelelanayo )` noma `(ID Odokotela)`.

Ubani lochwepheshe wezifo ezithathelwanayo?

Kalula nje, uchwepheshe wezifo ezithathelwanayo udokotela othole ukuqeqeshwa okukhethekile ezifweni ezithathelwanayo. Bafana nabaseshi abahlola izinto ezincane ezingaphakathi emizimbeni yethu. Banekhono lokuthola ukuthi siyini ngempela lesi sifo futhi banikeze ukwelashwa okufanele kwaso.

Ngakho-ke, siyini isifo esithathelwanayo?

Kulungile, manje ake sibone ukuthi lesi sifo esithathelwanayo siyini. Isifo esithathelwanayo yisifo esibangelwa amagciwane ayingozi angena emizimbeni yethu. Lawa magciwane mancane kakhulu, mancane kakhulu ukuba angabonwa ngamehlo enyama. Lokhu kubangelwa kakhulu yi:

• Amagciwane
• Amabhaktheriya
• Isikhunta
• Izimuncagazi

Lezi zinto eziphilayo zisizungezile. Cabanga nje, zingaba sesikhumbeni sethu, emoyeni esiwuphefumulayo, emanzini esiwaphuzayo, ekudleni esikudlayo. Kodwa isikhathi esiningi, siphila nezinye zalezi zinto eziphilayo ngaphandle kwezinkinga. Azisibangeli izinkinga. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi, lezi zinto eziphilayo zingena emizimbeni yethu, zilimaze amangqamuzana omzimba wethu, futhi zibangele izifo ezahlukahlukene. Lezi zifo ngezinye izikhathi zingaba zincane kakhulu, futhi ngezinye izikhathi zingaba zimbi ngokwanele ukuba zibe yingozi empilweni.

Lezi zifo ezithelelanayo zisakazeka kanjani?

Izifo ezithelelanayo zingasakazeka ngezindlela ezahlukene.

• Kusukela kumuntu kuya komunye: Izifo ezifana nomkhuhlane kanye nomkhuhlane zisakazeka emoyeni lapho umuntu ethimula noma ekhwehlela. Ezinye izifo zingasakazeka nangokuthinta.
• Ukusuka ekudleni noma emanzini angcolile: Amanye amabhaktheriya namagciwane angangena emizimbeni yethu evela ekudleni noma emanzini angcolile. Isibonelo, ukutheleleka kwe-Salmonella.
• Kusukela enhlabathini: Amanye ama-microorganism ahlala enhlabathini. Lawa angangena emzimbeni ngenxeba.
• Ezivela ezinambuzaneni nasezilwaneni: Izifo zingadluliselwa ezilwaneni ezifana nomiyane, izinambuzane, kanye namakhizane. Ezinye izilwane zingadlulisela izifo nangokulunywa noma ukuklwebheka.

Lezi zifo ezithelelanayo zingathinta isikhumba sethu, umgudu womchamo, amaphaphu, igazi, kanye nanoma iyiphi ingxenye yomzimba wethu. Izifo ezithelelanayo zivame kakhulu emhlabeni wonke. Kodwa ezinye zivame kakhulu kunezinye. Kungenzeka ukuthi uke wezwa ngomkhuhlane, isimungumungwane, umkhuhlane ovamile, umphimbo obuhlungu, kanye ne-COVID-19.

Ingabe siyamdinga lo dokotela onguchwepheshe kuzo zonke izifo ezincane?

Cha, lokho akudingekile. Akudingeki njalo ukuthi ubonane nochwepheshe wezifo ezithelelanayo uma unomkhuhlane noma umkhuhlane omncane. Udokotela wakho womndeni noma udokotela ojwayelekile angelapha lezi zifo ezincane.

Ngakho-ke lochwepheshe udingeka nini? Kudingeka uchwepheshe wezifo ezithathelwanayo ukuze elaphe futhi aphathe izifo okunzima ukuzixilonga, eziyinkimbinkimbi, ezinzima, noma zesikhathi eside (ezingapheli).

Cabanga nje, ngezinye izikhathi udokotela akakwazi ukuthola ukuthi lesi sifo siyini ngempela. Noma imithi abayinikezayo ayisizi. Yilapho-ke laba odokotela abangochwepheshe besiza khona. Bafana nabaseshi abazama ukuthola imbangela yesifo. Bazama ukuthola imbangela yesifo ngokubheka yonke imininingwane emincane emlandweni wakho wezokwelapha kanye nemiphumela yelebhu.

Ngakho-ke, yini ngempela eyenziwa uchwepheshe wezifo ezithathelwanayo?

Uchwepheshe wezifo ezithathelwanayo udokotela ogxile ekuxilongeni, ekuphatheni, nasekuphatheni izifo eziyingozi nezingapheli ezibangelwa amagciwane amancane afana namagciwane, amagciwane, isikhunta, izimuncagazi kanye nama-prion.

Ngokuvamile azisebenzi zodwa. Basebenzisana nabanye odokotela nochwepheshe ukuze baxilonge futhi bahlele ukwelashwa. Ngezinye izikhathi, lapho bengakwazi ukuthola imbangela yokugula, bafuna usizo lwalaba ochwepheshe.

Futhi, laba odokotela bachitha amahora amaningi becwaninga, bezama ukuthola ukuthi la magciwane athinta kanjani izingxenye ezahlukene zemizimba yethu, nokuthi la magciwane athinta kanjani umphakathi wethu. Baphinde bathole ukuqonda ngalezi ezinye izinto:

• Izifo ezintsha noma ezishintsha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
• Izifo ziyasakazeka, ikakhulukazi ngokuhamba kwamanye amazwe.
• Ama-antibiotic, ama-antiviral, kanye nemigomo kuyafundwa ngokujulile.

Kunini lapho kufanele sibone khona udokotela we-ID?

Ngokuvamile, udokotela womndeni wakho noma omunye uchwepheshe okwelaphayo uzokudlulisela kudokotela wezifo ezithathelwanayo (ID Doctor). Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi badinga usizo olwengeziwe lokuxilonga nokwelapha ukutheleleka kwakho. Mhlawumbe ukutheleleka akujwayelekile, kukhulu, sekukhona isikhathi eside, noma akukatholakali.

Isibonelo, udokotela wesikhumba angase afune usizo kudokotela we-ID ngesimo sesikhumba esingajwayelekile angasijwayele. Ngokufanayo, udokotela wezifo zamaphaphu angase afune usizo kubo ukuze athole imbangela ye-pneumonia okunzima ukwelapha.

Ezinye izindlela odokotela be-ID abasiza ngazo abanye odokotela:

• Ukuxilonga izifo noma amagciwane okunzima ukuwabona, okuyinkimbinkimbi.
• Ukuthola i-microorganism eqondile ebangela izimpawu zomuntu.
• Ukuhlaziya imibiko yokuhlolwa kwelabhorethri, njengomsebenzi wegazi, nokufinyelela iziphetho.
• Ukwelapha izifo ezimelana nama-antibiotic (okungukuthi, izimo lapho isifo singathuthuki ngama-antibiotic avame ukunikezwa).
• Ukuthola imbangela yezimpawu ezifana nomkhuhlane ophakeme ongachazeki noma inani eliphezulu lamaseli amhlophe egazi.
• Ukunikeza ukunakekelwa okukhethekile kwesikhathi eside nokwesikhathi eside kwezifo ezingamahlalakhona njenge-HIV/AIDS noma i-Hepatitis.
• Ukuze sinciphise ukutheleleka ezindaweni zokunakekelwa kwempilo njengezibhedlela, seluleka ngokuthuthukisa iziqondiso zama-antibiotic kanye nemigomo, sinqume ukuthi yiziphi izinhlobo zama-disinfectants okufanele uzisebenzise, ​​​​kanye nokuthi yiziphi izinhlobo zemishini yokuzivikela yomuntu siqu (i-PPE) okufanele uzisebenzise.

Yiziphi ezinye zezimo eziphathwa odokotela be-ID?

Kunezinhlobo eziningi zezifo ezithelelanayo emhlabeni. Nazi ezinye zezifo ezivame kakhulu ezelashwa uchwepheshe wezifo ezithelelanayo:

• Ukutheleleka kwe-Clostridium difficile (C. diff) (lokhu kuyibhaktheriya ebangela ukucasuka kwesisu kanye nesifo sohudo)
• Ukutheleleka kwe-E. coli (lokhu futhi kuyibhaktheriya ebangela ubuthi ekudleni)
• Umkhuhlane wembangela engaziwa
• I-Hepatitis (ukutheleleka ngegciwane okuthinta isibindi)
• `I-HIV/AIDS`
• I-Leukocytosis (inani eliphezulu lamaseli amhlophe egazi)
• Isifo seLyme nezinye izifo ezithwalwa yizikhaza
• Isimungumungwane
• Isifo se-meningococcal (ukutheleleka okukhulu okufana ne-meningitis)
• I-Mpox `(Mpox)`
• Ama-mumps
• I-Rubella
• Izifo Ezithathelwana Ngocansi (ama-STI)
• Ukutheleleka kwe-streptococcal (ukutheleleka komphimbo, izifo zesikhumba, njll.)
• Isifo Sofuba (i-TB)
• Ukukhwehlela okubi (i-Pertussis)

Lolu hlu aluphelele, kodwa lezi yizimo abazibona njalo.

Yini okufanele uyilindele uma ubona udokotela onolwazi?

Uma ubona uchwepheshe wezifo ezithathelwanayo, uzoqala ngokukwenza ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba. Bese bezokubuza ngomlando wakho wezokwelapha ophelele. Bangase bakubuze imibuzo eminingi mayelana nezimpawu zakho, imithi oyiphuzayo, kanye nendawo ohlala kuyo. Imibuzo yezemvelo ifaka phakathi izinto ezifana nokuthi yiziphi izilwane onazo ekhaya, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uke wahamba phesheya, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uchitha isikhathi esiningi ngaphandle, noma ukuthi usebenza ngamakhemikhali. Lonke lolu lwazi lubalulekile kubo ukuze bathole lesi sifo.

Bese, bangase ba-ode ezinye izivivinyo, ezinjengalezi, ukusiza ekuxilongeni lesi simo:

• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi
• Ukuhlolwa komchamo
• Amasampula endle `(Amasampula endle)`
• Ama-swabs omphimbo
• Ukuhlolwa kwezicubu (ukuthatha ingcezu encane yesikhumba ukuze iyohlolwa)
• Ukuhlolwa kwezithombe ezifana ne-X-Ray, i-MRI, ne-CT scans
• Ukubhoboza umgogodla / Ukubhoboza i-Lumbar

Kungemiphumela yalezi zivivinyo lapho udokotela angakwazi ukunquma imbangela eqondile yokugula kwakho futhi aqale ukwelashwa okungcono kakhulu.

Umuntu uba kanjani uchwepheshe wezifo ezithathelwanayo?

Ukuba uchwepheshe wezifo ezithathelwanayo akulula. Kudingeka babe neziqu zezokwelapha eziyisisekelo njengabanye odokotela. Kodwa ngaphezu kwalokho, bachitha iminyaka eminingana befunda nge-immunology (ucwaningo lwesimiso somzimba wethu sokuzivikela) kanye ne-epidemiology (ucwaningo lwezimbangela zezifo nokuthi zisakazeka kanjani).

Banolwazi olubanzi mayelana nokuthi izinto ezincane ezifana namagciwane, izimuncagazi, amabhaktheriya kanye nesikhunta zithinta kanjani imizimba yethu, ukuthi zibangela kanjani izifo, nokuthi zingalawulwa kanjani .

Izigaba zemfundo nokuqeqeshwa abaziqedela kulokhu yilezi:

• Idigri eyisisekelo.
• Iminyaka emine yokufunda esikoleni sezokwelapha.
• Iminyaka emithathu yokuqeqeshwa kokuhlala eMedicineni Yangaphakathi.
• Ubudlelwano ezifweni ezithelelanayo (ngokuvamile iminyaka emibili).
• Abanye abantu badlulela phambili futhi bathole omunye unyaka wokuqeqeshwa okukhethekile emkhakheni othile, njengokutheleleka kwezitho zomzimba.
• Ngemuva kwalokho udinga ukuthola isitifiketi sebhodi.

Ungabona ukuthi lokhu kudinga ukuzinikela okungakanani.

Basebenza kuphi laba odokotela?

Ochwepheshe bezifo ezithelelanayo basebenza ezindaweni ezahlukene.

• Abanye abantu bagxila ocwaningweni futhi basebenza ezikhungweni zezempilo zomphakathi, njenge-Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) e-United States.
• Abanye basebenza emkhakheni wezokwelapha, okusho ukuthi ezibhedlela noma ezikhungweni zezempilo zomphakathi, bebona iziguli njalo.

Ngakho-ke, uma unesifo esithathelwanayo okunzima ukusixilonga futhi okunzima ukuselapha, udokotela womndeni wakho angakudlulisela kuchwepheshe wezifo ezithathelwanayo. Bangochwepheshe ekuthelelekeni okubangelwa amagciwane, amagciwane, isikhunta, kanye nezinambuzane. Bazosebenzisana nabanye odokotela bakho ukuze baphathe isimo sakho futhi bakusize ululame ngokushesha.

Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya

• Uchwepheshe wezifo ezithelelanayo udokotela oqeqeshwe ngokukhethekile owelapha izifo eziyinkimbinkimbi, okunzima ukuzibona, noma ezinzima.
• Akuzona zonke izifo ezincane ezidinga lo dokotela ochwepheshe. Udokotela wakho womndeni, uMnu.Kungasiza izikhathi eziningi.
• Uma udokotela wakho ekuthumelela kuchwepheshe we-ID, kusho ukuthi isimo sakho sidinga ukunakwa okukhethekile nolwazi. Ungakhathazeki, bakhona ukuzokusiza.
• Laba odokotela baqala ukwelashwa ngemva kokulalela ngokucophelela izimpawu zakho kanye nomlando wezokwelapha, nokwenza izivivinyo ezidingekayo.
• Khumbula, ukubona uchwepheshe ofanele ngesikhathi esifanele kungasheshisa ukululama kwakho.

Ngakho-ke, ngithemba ukuthi manje usunokuqonda okungcono ngochwepheshe bezifo ezithathelwanayo. Hlala uphilile!

Izifo ezithelelanayo, uchwepheshe, izifo, amagciwane, amabhaktheriya, ukwelashwa, impilo