Usukhulelwe manje. Ngalesi sikhathi, udokotela uzokucela ukuthi wenze izivivinyo ezahlukahlukene ukuze abone ukuthi konke kuhamba kahle yini kuwe kanye nomntwana osesiswini sakho, akunjalo? Namuhla sikhuluma ngokuhlolwa kwegazi okukhethekile okwenziwa ku-trimester yesibili yokukhulelwa. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi 'i-Quad Screen' noma 'i-Quad Marker Screen'.
Kalula nje, iyini i-Quad Screen?
Lokhu ukuhlolwa kwegazi okulula kakhulu. Kwenziwa phakathi kwamasonto ayi-15 kuya kwangama-20 okukhulelwa kwakho. Lokhu kuhlolwa kunganikeza udokotela wakho umbono wokuthi ingane yakho engakazalwa isengozini yini yokuthola izifo zofuzo ezifana ne-Down syndrome.
Kungani lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi "i-Quad"?
Igama elithi "Quad" lisho ezine ngesiNgisi. Ngakho-ke lokhu kuhlolwa kubizwa ngokuthi lokhu ngoba kulinganisa amazinga ezinto ezine ezithile egazini lakho. Lezo zinto ezine yilezi:
- I-AFP (i-Alpha-fetoprotein)
- I-HCG (i-gonadotropin ye-chorionic yomuntu)
- I-Estriol (uhlobo lwe-estrogen)
- I-Inhibin-A
Zifunani lezi zivivinyo?
I-Quad Screen ihlola ikakhulukazi ukuthi ingane isengozini yezifo eziningana zofuzo. Ezinye zezimo eziyinhloko yilezi:
- I-Trisomy 21: Isimo sonke esisazi ngokuthi i-Down syndrome.
- I-Trisomy 18: Isimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-Edwards syndrome.
- Ukukhubazeka kwe-neural tube (NTDs): Izinkinga ngokuthuthukiswa kobuchopho bomntwana kanye nomgogodla.
Kodwa nansi into okufanele uyiqonde ngokuqinisekile . Lokhu kumane nje kuwukuhlolwa 'kokuhlola'. Lokho kusho ukuthi kuwukuhlola ingozi kuphela. Lokhu kuhlolwa akusho ukuthi ingane inesifo esithile ngempela. Kumane kubonisa ukuthi kukhona ingozi ethile, ngakho-ke kungase kudingeke ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe.
Ingabe kuyimpoqo ukuthatha lesi sivivinyo?
Cha. Lokhu akulona ukuhlolwa okuphoqelekile. Ungakwenza kuphela uma uthanda. Kodwa-ke, odokotela abanakekela omama abakhulelwe bavame ukuncoma ukuthi kuhle ukwenza lokhu kuhlolwa. Ngoba kungakunikeza umbono ngempilo yengane kusenesikhathi.
Lena inqubo elula kakhulu. Okumele ukwenze nje ukuthatha isampula yegazi elincane engalweni yakho. Kuthatha cishe imizuzu emi-5-10. Ngeke kukulimaze wena noma ingane yakho. Ngakho-ke asikho isidingo sokukhathazeka.
Izinto ezi-4 okufanele uzibheke egazini nokuthi zisho ukuthini
Ake sibheke ukuthi kusho ukuthini amazinga amane oshintsho. Lokhu kungaba nzima kancane, kodwa ngizokuchaza kalula.
| Into elinganiswa egazini | Yini efundwa kusukela ezingeni layo |
|---|---|
| I-Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) | Ikhiqizwa yisibindi somntwana. Uma izinga le-AFP liphezulu kakhulu , lingabonisa ingozi yezimo ezifana nokukhubazeka kwe-neural tube. Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi izinga le-AFP lingaba phezulu uma ukhulelwe amasonto ambalwa noma uma ukhulelwe amawele. Uma izinga le-AFP liphansi , lingabonisa ingozi ye-Down syndrome. |
| I-Estriol (uE) | Le hormone ikhiqizwa yingane kanye ne-placenta. Amazinga aphansi angase abonise ingozi eyengeziwe ye-Down syndrome. |
| I-gonadotropin ye-chorionic yomuntu (hCG) | Le hormone ikhiqizwa yi-placenta. Amazinga aphezulu e-hCG angase abe uphawu lokwanda kwengozi ye-Down syndrome. |
| I-Inhibin-A | Le phrotheni ikhiqizwa ama-ovari akho kanye ne-placenta. Uma amazinga ayo ephakeme kunalokho obekulindelwe, ingandisa ingozi yokuthola umntwana one-Down syndrome. |
Ngiyaphinda, lezi yizici eziyingozi nje. Ukuthi nje elinye lala mazinga lihlukile akusho ukuthi ingane izoba nenkinga. Udokotela wakho uzoqhathanisa le miphumela nezinye izici, njengobudala bakho, ukuze ahlole ingozi.
Uthola kanjani imiphumela?
Ngokuvamile uzothola imiphumela yalolu vivinyo zingakapheli izinsuku ezine kuya kwezinhlanu. Lokhu kungahluka kuye ngelebhu kanye nodokotela wakho.
Kuthiwani uma umphumela 'ujwayelekile'?
Uma umphumela 'ujwayelekile' noma 'ungemuhle', kusho ukuthi ingane yakho isengozini encane yokuba nesimo sofuzo esishiwo ngenhla. Ezimweni ezinjalo, udokotela ngeke avame ukuncoma ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe kofuzo. Kodwa-ke, noma ngabe 'kuyingozi ephansi', akusho ukuthi akukho nkinga eyi-100%. Kodwa kusho ukuthi ingozi iphansi kakhulu.
Kuthiwani uma umphumela uthi 'Okungavamile'?
Ungakhathazeki. Umphumela 'ongajwayelekile' noma 'omuhle' awusho ukuthi ingane inesifo. Kusho nje ukuthi ingozi inkulu nokuthi kudingeka ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe .
Kuleli qophelo, udokotela wakho uzokhuluma nawe futhi akuchazele ukuthi yini okufanele uyenze ngokulandelayo. Bangase futhi basikisele ezinye izivivinyo ezengeziwe.
- I-Ultrasound Scan Eningiliziwe: Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi ubone izakhiwo zomzimba wengane ngokucacile.
- I-Amniocentesis: Lokhu kuhilela ukuthatha isampula encane yoketshezi lwe-amniotic oluzungeze umntwana nokuhlola amaseli omntwana ukuze kutholakale izimo zofuzo. Kukhona ingozi encane ngalolu vivinyo, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuxoxa ngalo nodokotela wakho ngaphambi kokwenza isinqumo.
Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-NIPT ne-Quad Screen?
Kungenzeka ukuthi uke wezwa nangokuhlolwa okubizwa ngokuthi i-NIPT (Noninvasive Prenatal Testing). Futhi kuyindlela yokuhlola ebheka ingozi.
- Ukuhlolwa kwe-NIPT kungenziwa emavikini ayi-10 okukhulelwa. Kuhlaziya i-DNA yengane esegazini lakho ukuze kuhlolwe ubungozi.
- I-Quad Screen yenziwa ku-trimester yesibili . Ayibheki i-DNA yengane, kodwa ibheka amazinga ama-hormone namaprotheni egazini lakho.
Zombili lezi zivivinyo ziyizivivinyo 'zokuhlola' ezilinganisa ubungozi, hhayi izivivinyo 'zokuhlola'. Khuluma nodokotela wakho ukuze unqume ukuthi yikuphi ukuhlolwa okukulungele.
Ukulindela umntwana kuyisikhathi esimnandi, kodwa kungavusa imizwa eminingi. Kuvamile ukuzizwa wesaba futhi ukhathazekile kancane uma ufunda ngalezi zivivinyo. Kodwa lezi zivivinyo azihloselwe ukukwethusa. Zenzelwe ukukusiza uqaphele impilo yengane yakho kusenesikhathi, futhi uma kudingeka, uzilungiselele. Ngakho-ke uma unemibuzo, ungayigcini engqondweni yakho bese ubuza udokotela wakho.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Quad Screen ukuhlolwa kwegazi okungaphoqelekile okwenziwa phakathi nekota yesibili yokukhulelwa.
- Lokhu kuhlola ukuthi ingane isengozini yokuthola izifo zofuzo ezifana ne-Down syndrome.
- Lokhu ukuhlolwa 'kokuhlola' okulinganisa ubungozi, hhayi ukuhlolwa 'kokuxilonga' okuhlonza isifo ngokuqondile.
- Uma umphumela uthi 'Okungavamile', ungesabi, kusho ukuthi kudingeka ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe.
- Ngaphambi kokwenza noma yikuphi ukuhlolwa futhi ngemva kokuthola imiphumela, xoxa ngazo zonke izinto ezikukhathazayo kanye nokungabaza nodokotela wakho.
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