Uma uhlolwa ibele, kungaba yi-mammogram noma i-ultrasound, bese uthola umbiko, ungase uzizwe wesaba futhi unelukuluku uma ubona amagama nezinombolo kuwo. Ikakhulukazi uma ithi 'BI-RADS' nenombolo ethile, ungase ucabange, 'O, kuyini lokhu?' Empeleni kuyinto evamile. Kodwa ungakhathazeki. Namuhla sizoxoxa ngokuthi iyini i-BI-RADS, ukuthi isho ukuthini ngempela, nokuthi ingathinta kanjani impilo yakho.
Iyini i-BI-RADS kalula?
Kalula nje, i-BI-RADS isifinyezo se- “Breast Imaging-Reporting and Data System.” Lolu uhlelo olujwayelekile olusetshenziswa odokotela be-radiology ukuchaza imibiko yakho yokuhlolwa kwebele. Cabanga nje, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ukuphi eSri Lanka noma kuphi emhlabeni, wonke umuntu ukhuluma ulimi olufanayo. Lolu hlelo lusebenzisa izivivinyo ozenzile, okusho ukuthi:
- I-Mammography
- I-Ultrasound Yebele
- Ukuskena kwe-MRI
Bika imiphumela yokuhlolwa okufana nokuthi.
Kwakunezizathu ezimbili eziyinhloko zokwethula lolu hlelo.
1. Letha indinganiso eyodwa ekubikeni: Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ukuhlolwa kwenziwa kuphi eSri Lanka, kubikwe ngendlela efanayo. Ngale ndlela, ngeke kube nokudideka lapho uthumela imininingwane yakho kusuka komunye udokotela kuya komunye. Wonke umuntu angakuqonda kalula.
2. Khuluma ngokucacile ngengozi yomdlavuza webele: Le ndlela inikeza ukuhlukaniswa okulula ukuqondakala kwengozi yakho yokuba nomdlavuza webele.
Umbiko wakho ungase ungabi nenombolo ye-BI-RADS ebhalwe ngokugqamile. Kodwa-ke, uzofakwa embikweni ogcwele udokotela wakho awutholayo. Ungabuza udokotela wakho ngakho.
Ukuhlukaniswa kwe-BI-RADS kanye nencazelo yako
Uhlelo lwe-BI-RADS lunezigaba ezisukela ku-0 kuya ku-6. Izinombolo ngayinye ilandisa indaba ehlukile. Ake sibheke ukuthi ngayinye isho ukuthini, nokuthi yini okufanele siyenze ngokulandelayo esimweni esinjalo.
| Inombolo ye-BI-RADS | Incazelo | Okufanele ukwenze ngokulandelayo |
|---|---|---|
| I-BI-RADS 0 | Ukuhlolwa akuphelele. Lokhu kusho ukuthi isiphetho asikwazi ukufinyelelwa ngoba izithombe ezitholiwe azicacile noma kudingeka ulwazi olwengeziwe. Lokhu akusho ukuthi kukhona okungahambi kahle. | Kungase kudingeke ukuthi uyiqhathanise nombiko wakho we-mammogram wakudala noma wenze ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe (isib., enye i-mammogram, i-ultrasound scan). |
| I-BI-RADS 1 | Akukho nkinga (Okungekuhle) Lona umphumela omuhle kakhulu. Kusho ukuthi azikho izigaxa noma izinguquko ezisolisayo emabeleni akho. | Thola ukuhlolwa njalo ngesikhathi esifanele ngokusekelwe eminyakeni yakho kanye nengozi yakho. |
| I-BI-RADS 2 | Ukuthola Okuhle Lokhu kusho nokuthi akukho mdlavuza. Kodwa-ke, kunezinto ezingezona ezomdlavuza (isib. ama-cyst, ama-fibroadenoma) ezingabonakala. Lezi azilimazi. | Lesi futhi yisimo esivamile. Thola ukuhlolwa okuvamile ngesikhathi esifanele. |
| I-BI-RADS 3 | Mhlawumbe Kuhle Lokho okubonayo kulokhu cishe akunakwenzeka ukuthi kube umdlavuza ngamaphesenti angu-98. Kodwa kukhona ingozi encane ngoba ayiqiniseki ngokuphelele. | Udokotela uvame ukuncoma ukuthi kulandelwe isikhathi esifushane cishe ezinyangeni eziyisithupha ukuze abone ukuthi izinto zishintshile yini. |
| I-BI-RADS 4 | Okusolisayo Lena inombolo eyethusa abantu abaningi. Kodwa akusho ukuthi unomdlavuza. Isho nje ukuthi "kuyasolisa, ngakho ake sibheke kabanzi ngayo." | Udokotela cishe uzoncoma i-biopsy , okuwukususwa kwengxenye yezicubu ukuze ihlolwe. |
| I-BI-RADS 5 | Kusikisela Kakhulu Ukulimaza Ngokusekelwe ezimpawini ezibonwe kulesi simo, amathuba okuba nomdlavuza aphezulu kakhulu (ngaphezu kuka-95%). | Kudingeka i-biopsy ukuqinisekisa ukuthi isiguli siphilile. |
| I-BI-RADS 6 | Ukulimala Okwaziwayo Okufakazelwe Nge-Biopsy Lokhu kutholakala ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa okwenziwa ngaphambi kokwelashwa (isb., ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa) ngemuva kokuba i-biopsy yangaphambilini isiqinisekisile ukuthi umdlavuza ukhona. | Umsebenzi owengeziwe uzokwenziwa ngokwecebo lokwelashwa elibekwe udokotela. |
Yiziphi izinzuzo zesistimu ye-BI-RADS?
Le ndlela iwusizo kakhulu kodokotela kanye neziguli.
- Ukulinganisa: Uma udokotela eColombo, eSri Lanka, kanye nodokotela eJaffna bethi i-BI-RADS 4, kusho into efanayo. Lokhu kunciphisa kakhulu amathuba amaphutha nokudideka ekuqondeni imibiko yakho.
- Ukuhlolwa Kwengozi: Lokhu kuhlukaniswa kukunikeza umbono oqondile ngengozi yakho yokuba nomdlavuza, okusiza udokotela wakho ukuthi anqume ukuthi kufanele enze ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe ngokushesha kangakanani.
- Ukusebenza kahle: Esikhundleni sokuchaza umbiko ngamunye ngokuningiliziwe, lokhu konga isikhathi sososayensi be-radiology ngokubahlukanisa ngezigaba.
Azikho yini izinkinga kule ndlela?
Njenganoma iyiphi indlela, le inemikhawulo embalwa emincane.
- Ukucabanga: Umuntu uhlukanisa isithombe esiskeniwe. Ngakho-ke, ngezinga elincane kakhulu, lokho okubonwa yisazi se-radiology esisodwa kungase kuhluke kancane kulokho okubonwa yisazi se-radiology esinye.
- Imiphumela Engamanga: Nakuba ingavamile kakhulu , ngezinye izikhathi ukuhlolwa kungabika umphumela osolisayo (ongamanga omuhle) uma kungekho umdlavuza, noma ukuhlolwa kungabika umphumela omuhle (ongamanga omuhle). Lokhu kungabangela ukukhathazeka okungadingekile noma ukulibazisa ukuxilongwa. Kodwa-ke, khumbula ukuthi lokhu kuyinto engavamile kakhulu.
- Ukuntuleka kolwazi oluthile (Okungaqondile):Inombolo ye-BI-RADS ikutshela kuphela ukuthi kukhona okusolisayo noma cha. Ayinikezi ulwazi olujulile mayelana nokuthi hlobo luni lwendawo esolisayo ekhona noma ukuthi iyini. Yingakho kudingeka ukuhlolwa okufana ne-biopsy.
Ingabe i-BI-RADS 4 isho umdlavuza?
Lona umbuzo omkhulu kunayo yonke abantu abaningi abanawo. Impendulo ithi, cha.
I-BI-RADS 4 ayisho ukuthi unomdlavuza. Kusho ukuthi imiphumela yokuskena kwakho "iyasolisa." Lokhu kusho ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi umdlavuza noma cha. Ingozi yomdlavuza ingahluka kusukela phansi kakhulu kuya phezulu. Yingakho kwenziwa i-biopsy ukuze kutholakale ukuthi uqinisekile.
I-BI-RADS 4 ayisho ukuthi unomdlavuza. Isho ukuthi, 'Kudingeka sibheke lokhu kabanzi, ngakho-ke ake siqhubekele esinyathelweni esilandelayo.'
Ngakho-ke uma umbiko wakho uthi i-BI-RADS 4, ungakhathazeki ngokungadingekile. Kusho ukuthi udokotela wakho uzokudlulisela ukuze uyohlolwa okwengeziwe.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-BI-RADS iyindinganiso eyaziwayo emhlabeni wonke esetshenziselwa ukuhlukanisa imiphumela yemibiko yakho yokuhlolwa kwebele (i-mammogram, i-ultrasound).
- Le nombolo ikutshela ukuthi ingozi yakho yomdlavuza ingakanani nokuthi yiziphi izinyathelo okufanele uzithathe ngokulandelayo.
- I-BI-RADS 1 kanye ne-2 zisho imiphumela emihle ngaphandle kwezinkinga.
- Ngisho noma uthola amaphuzu aphezulu njenge-BI-RADS 4 noma 5, akusho ukuthi unomdlavuza. Kusho ukuthi 'kuyasolisa futhi kudinga ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe.'
- Uma unemibuzo mayelana nenombolo ye-BI-RADS embikweni wakho, ungesabi futhi ukhulume nodokotela wakho ngayo. Nguye kuphela ongachaza kahle ukuthi kusho ukuthini ngesimo sakho.
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