Ake sifunde nje ngokuhlolwa kwe-angiogram, okubheka ukuvinjelwa kwemithambo yegazi?

I-angiogram ukuhlolwa okukhethekile kwe-X-ray okwenziwa ukuze kubonwe ukuthi kukhona yini ukuvaleka noma ukuncipha kwemithambo yegazi (imithambo noma imithambo) emzimbeni wakho. Lokhu kuvumela odokotela ukuthi babone ngqo ukuthi igazi ligeleza kuphi emzimbeni wakho nokuthi kunenkinga yini. Isibonelo, isetshenziselwa ukuthola ngqo ukuthi kunenkinga kuphi emithanjeni noma emithanjeni ezindaweni ezifana nenhliziyo, intamo, izinso, noma imilenze.

Kungani kwenziwa i-angiogram? Idingeka nini?

Manje ungase uzibuze, 'Kungani ngidinga i-angiogram?' Udokotela wakho uzoncoma lokhu kuhlolwa kuphela uma kukhona okubonisa ukuthi imithambo yegazi yakho ivaliwe, yonakele, noma inesinye isimo esingavamile. Lokhu kuzosiza ekunqumeni ukuthi inkinga iyini nokuthi iyithinte kangakanani . Lokhu kuzokwenza kube lula ukuhlela ukwelashwa.

Kalula nje, i-angiogram isiza ekuxilongeni nasekuhleleni ukwelashwa kwezimo ezifana nalezi:

• Isifo semithambo yenhliziyo: Lokhu ukuvaleka noma ukuncipha kwemithambo yegazi ehambisa igazi enhliziyweni.
• Isifo semithambo yegazi engaphandle: Ukuvaleka noma ukuncishiswa kwemithambo yegazi emilenzeni.
• Amahlule egazi: Amaseli egazi ayahlangana bese enza ihlule.
• I-Aneurysm: Ubuthakathaka bodonga lwemithambo oluvuvukala njengebhaluni.

Isebenza kanjani?

Kulungile, ake sibone ukuthi lokhu kusebenza kanjani. Ngesikhathi se-angiogram, kufakwa into ekhethekile (ebizwa ngokuthi idayi noma i-contrast material) emzimbeni wakho. Le dayi ibonakala emshinini we-X-ray. Ngemuva kwalokho, uma ubheka isikrini se-X-ray, ungabona ngokucacile ukuthi igazi lihamba kanjani emithanjeni yakho yegazi, nokuthi kukhona yini ukuvaleka endaweni ethile.

Uzonikezwa imithi yokukusiza uphumule futhi uzizwe ukhululekile phakathi nalolu vivinyo. Iningi labantu lizonikezwa izinga elithile lokupholisa. Abanye abantu bazonikezwa i-anesthesia ejwayelekile, okusho ukuthi uzobe ulele ngokuphelele. Kodwa-ke, uzodinga umuntu ozokushayela ekhaya ngemuva kokuhlolwa.

Ulungiselela kanjani i-angiogram?

Ngaphambi kwalokhu kuhlolwa, kungase kuthathwe elinye igazi lakho ukuze kubonakale ukuthi amahlule egazi lakho asebenza kanjani nokuthi izinso zakho zisebenza kahle yini.

Qaphela imithi

Uma uthatha noma yimiphi imithi, ikakhulukazi imithi yokunciphisa igazi (ama-antiplatelet, ama-anticoagulant) , kufanele ukhulume nodokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuyiyeka. Ngemvume kadokotela wakho:

• Imithi efana ne-"Clopidogrel" ingacelwa ukuthi iyekwe ezinsukwini ezinhlanu ngaphambi kokuhlolwa.
• Ungase ucelwe ukuthi uyeke ukuthatha imithi yokunciphisa igazi efana ne-`Dipyridamole` noma i-`Warfarin` emahoreni angu-72 ngaphambi kokuhlolwa kanye namahora angu-24 ngemva kokuhlolwa.
• Eminye imithi evamile ingathathwa njengokujwayelekile.
• KuweUma unesifo sikashukela , buza udokotela wakho ukuthi kufanele uyithathe nini futhi kanjani i-insulin noma eminye imithi yesifo sikashukela.

Mayelana nokudla neziphuzo

Ungadli noma uphuze lutho ngemva kwamabili ngobusuku obandulela i-angiogram. Uma uzonikezwa i-anesthesia ejwayelekile ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa, ungadli noma uphuze lutho ngemva kwamabili ngobusuku obandulele.

Khumbula lezi zinto ngosuku lokuhlolwa

• Phuza uketshezi olulula kuphela (isib. amanzi, itiye elingenashukela) ekuseni ngosuku lokuhlolwa.
• Shiya ubucwebe bakho nezinto zakho eziyigugu ekhaya .
• Hlela ukuthi othile onesibopho akuyise ekhaya.
• Letha uhlu lwemithi oyithathayo njengamanje kanye nemininingwane yanoma yikuphi ukungezwani komzimba okungenzeka ukuthi unakho .
• Uma udokotela wakho kufanele abone isiguli esiphuthumayo, kungase kudingeke ulinde kuze kube yithuba lakho. Ngakho-ke kuwumqondo omuhle ukuletha into efana nencwadi noma umagazini.
• Uma unesifo sikashukela, yazisa bonke abasebenzi bezokwelapha ngaso.
• Kuzodingeka ugqoke ingubo yasesibhedlela bese ulala etafuleni elikhethekile le-X-ray.
• Ngaphambi kokuhlolwa, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngemiyalelo yakho, noma yimiphi imibuzo onayo, kanye nomlando wakho wezokwelapha.

Kwenzekani ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa?

Lapho enza i-angiogram, udokotela uzokwenza okulandelayo:

• Okokuqala, indawo lapho kuzofakwa khona i-catheter ivaliwe.
• Ngemuva kwalokho, kusetshenziswa inaliti ukufaka komunye wemithambo yegazi yakho.
• Ucingo ludlula kulolo naliti.
• Ipayipi elide nelincane elibizwa ngokuthi i-catheter lifakwa phezu kwentambo emthanjeni omkhulu, ngokuvamile esinqeni sakho noma esihlakaleni.
• Ngemuva kwalokho, ngokucophelela okukhulu, i-catheter iqondiswa emthanjeni wegazi ize ifike engxenyeni yomthambo wegazi okudingeka ihlolwe.
• Manje, ingxenye encane 'yezinto eziphambene' okukhulunywe ngazo ngaphambili (okungukuthi 'udayi') izofakwa emthanjeni wegazi lakho nge-catheter. Ngalesi sikhathi , ungase uzizwe ufudumele imizuzwana embalwa, noma ungase uzizwe sengathi udinga ukuchama . Lokhu kuvamile, ungakhathazeki.
• Bese kuthathwa i-X-ray.
• Ngokubheka i-X-ray monitor, ukubuka udayi uhamba, ungabona kahle ukuthi igazi lihamba kanjani emithanjeni yakho yegazi nokuthi kukuphi lapho kuvimbeke khona.

Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani i-angiogram?

I-angiogram ngokuvamile ingaqedwa ngemizuzu eyi-15 kuphela , kodwa ngezinye izikhathi kungathatha amahora amaningana. Lokhu kuncike ekutheni udokotela uzokwenza noma yiluphi ukwelashwa okwengeziwe ngemva kokutholakala kwenkinga.

Cabanga nje, uma udokotela ethola ukuthi kukhona okuvimbekile, uzokwenza i-angioplasty ngokushesha.Lokhu kwelashwa kuhilela ukusebenzisa idivayisi encane efana nebhaluni ukuze kucindezelwe indawo evinjiwe odongeni lwemithambo yegazi. Uma lokhu kuvumela ukugeleza kwegazi okuhle futhi kusele ngaphansi kwama-30% okuvinjiwe, i-angioplasty ingaba yiyona ndlela kuphela.

Kodwa uma i-angioplasty ingadali isikhala esikhulu ngokwanele ukuze igazi ligeleze, kungadingeka ukuthi ufake i-stent . Lena yipayipi elincane lensimbi elifana ne-mesh elifakwa ngaphakathi komthambo wegazi futhi lisize ukuwugcina uvulekile. Lokhu kungafakwa ngokushesha ngemva kwe-angioplasty.

Enye indlela yokwelapha ukuhlinzwa kwe-coronary artery bypass noma ukuhlinzwa kwe-peripheral artery bypass . Lokhu kuhilela ukudala indlela entsha yokuthi igazi ligeleze emthanjeni ovalekile. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kuhlinzwa kwenziwa ngosuku oluhlukile.

Kwenzekani ngemva kokuhlolwa?

Udokotela wakho uzosusa i-catheter bese ebeka ibhandishi phezu kwendawo yokubhoboza esikhumbeni sakho. Ibhandishi lizogcinwa endaweni yalo okungenani imizuzu eyi-15 ukuze kumiswe noma kuvinjelwe ukuphuma kwegazi.

Uma i-catheter ifakiwe ngomlenze wakho, kuzodingeka uphumule embhedeni amahora amane kuya kwayisithupha. Lokhu kuzosiza ekunciphiseni ukopha okuvela esilondeni.

Ngaphambi kokuya ekhaya

Ngaphambi kokukuyisa ekhaya, udokotela uzokuxilonga futhi akhulume nawe ngemiyalelo okufanele uyilandele ekhaya.

Uma uya ekhaya (ngesikhathi ululama ku-angiogram)

Ngisho noma uke waba ne-angioplasty kanye nokufakwa kwe-stent, uzokwazi ukuya ekhaya ngalolo suku noma ngakusasa ngemva kwe-angiogram. Kodwa-ke, njengoba unikezwe i-anesthesia, uzodinga umuntu ozokuthatha akuyise ekhaya .

Ngemva kokubuyela ekhaya, ungaphakamisi ngaphezu kwamakhilogremu angu-4.5 (cishe amakhilogremu angu-4.5) ezinsukwini ezimbili ezizayo, ungagobi, noma ugobe . Lokhu kuzosiza ekuvimbeleni ukuphuma kwegazi esilondeni.

Kungumqondo omuhle ukuba nomuntu omdala onokwethenjelwa ahlale nawe ngobusuku bokuhlolwa. Abanye abantu kungadingeka bahlale esibhedlela ubusuku bonke ukuze balulame.

Uma unesifo sikashukela, ungayithathi i-metformin amahora angu-48 ngemva kokuhlolwa . Lokhu kunciphisa ingozi yezinkinga zezinso.

Phuza amanzi amaningi . Lokhu kuzosiza idayi ukuthi iphume emzimbeni wakho ngokushesha.

Yiziphi izingozi ze-angiogram?

Izingozi ze-angiogram ziphansi kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, kungase kube nezinkinga ezincane lapho udokotela ebhoboza khona isikhumba sakho ukuze afinyelele emthanjeni wakho. Lezi zinkinga zenzeka ngaphansi kwe-1% yamacala .

Izingozi ze-angiogram zivame ukuhlotshaniswa nendawo lapho kubhotshozwe khona. Zihlanganisa:

• Ukuphuka: Lokhu kujwayelekile futhi kuzophela phakathi nesonto kuya emavikini amathathu.
• Ukopha
• Ukutheleleka
• Ubuhlungu
• Izinkinga zezinso
• Ukusabela kokungezwani komzimba nezinto ezihlukile (udayi)
• Ukulimala kwemithambo yegazi
• Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungavamile (i-arrhythmia) noma isimo esifana nokuma kwenhliziyo (ukuma kwenhliziyo) okudinga ukuvuselelwa.
• Ihlule legazi livimba umthambo wegazi, okubangela ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo noma isifo sohlangothi (okungavamile kakhulu)
• Ukopha okuvela emthanjeni wegazi (okungavamile kakhulu)

Imiphumela itholakala kanjani? Isitshelani?

Udokotela angase athole izinkinga ezincane ezingezona ezinkulu. Bangase bangadingi ukwelashwa okukhulu. Bangase bakutshele ukuthi uphuze imithi noma wenze izinguquko ezithile empilweni yakho yansuku zonke. Isibonelo, vivinya umzimba kakhulu noma udle ukudla okunempilo.

Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi kuba nokuvinjelwa okukhulu. Lokho kudinga ukwelashwa okwengeziwe. Uma kunjalo, udokotela angenza i-angioplasty ngesikhathi esifanayo ne-angiogram, abeke i-stent ukuvula umthambo wakho futhi awugcine uvulekile.

Abanye abantu badinga ukwelashwa okuhlukile ngosuku oluhlukile. Udokotela angase atuse ukuhlinzwa kwe-bypass, okudala indlela yokuthi igazi ligeleze eduze kokuvaleka.

Imiphumela izokwaziwa nini?

Udokotela wakho cishe uzokhuluma nawe ngemva kokuhlolwa kwe-angiogram yakho. Kodwa-ke, udokotela wakho angase adinge isikhathi sokubuyekeza izithombe zakho ze-X-ray ngaphambi kokunquma ukuthi yini okufanele ayenze ngokulandelayo.

Kufanele uphinde uye kudokotela nini?

Uma kwenzeka noma yikuphi kwalokhu, bona udokotela wakho ngokushesha:

• Uma ubuhlungu noma ukungakhululeki okungapheli naphezu kokuthatha imithi .
• Uma kunzima ukukhuluma noma ukumamatheka .
• Uma unesithukuthezi , ubuthakathaka, ukufudumala, noma ukuvuvukala engalweni noma emlenzeni lapho kufakwa khona i-catheter.
• Uma uthola umkhuhlane .
• Uma kukhona iqhubu eduze kwesilonda .
• Uma kukhona ukuphuma kwegazi endaweni lapho i-catheter ifakwe khona esikhumbeni.

Ingabe i-angiogram iwukuhlinzwa okukhulu?

Cha. I-angiogram ukuhlolwa "okungavamile" okwenziwa ngaphandle kokwenza ukusika okukhulu . Akuyona ukuhlinzwa. Udokotela usebenza ngembobo encane kakhulu. Leyo mbobo inkulu ngokwanele ukufaka i-catheter emithanjeni yegazi lakho.

I-angiogram ibaluleke kangakanani?

I-angiogram iyisivivinyo esinobungozi obuphansi . Kodwa-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho yokuthi ungayilungiselela kanjani.

Ingabe lokhu kubuhlungu?

I-angiogram ayibuhlungu kakhulu .

Ngeke uzwe ubuhlungu obukhulu. Ungase ube nokungakhululeki okuncane. Ngakho ungesabi!

Udokotela uzofaka umuthi wokubulala izinzwa wendawo ukuze aqede indawo lapho kufakwa khona i-catheter, futhi uzozwa inaliti ishaya isikhumba sakho. Ngemva kwalokho, cishe ngeke uzwe ubuhlungu ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa. Ungase uzizwe uncipha kancane lapho kufakwa i-catheter. Ngemva kokuhlolwa, ungase ube nobuhlungu noma ukuklwebheka lapho kufakwa khona i-catheter.

Ingabe i-angiogram kanye ne-angioplasty ziyinto efanayo?

Cha. I-angiogram ingasiza udokotela wakho ukuthi abone ukuthi kukhona yini ukuvaleka kwemithambo yakho. Ngesikhathi se-angiogram, udokotela wakho angenza i-angioplasty ukwelapha ukuvaleka.

Ubani owenza lolu vivinyo?

I-angiogram yenhliziyo yenziwa ngudokotela wenhliziyo ongenelelayo . I-angiogram yemithambo yegazi kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba (isib., imilenze) yenziwa ngodokotela be-radiology abangenelelayo kanye nodokotela abahlinzayo bemithambo yegazi . I-angiogram yobuchopho yenziwa ngodokotela be-neurologists abangenelelayo . Udokotela owenza i-angiogram angafunda izithombe zakho futhi athole izindawo ezikukhathazayo.

Ekugcineni, ekugcineni, khumbula lokhu.

Uma udokotela wakho ekutshela ukuthi wenze i-angiogram, kusho ukuthi ufuna izimpendulo zemibuzo ethile. Ulwazi oluvela ku-angiogram luzobasiza ukuthi banqume ukuthi udinga ukwelashwa yini. Uma kufaneleka ngesimo sakho, bangase baphathe ngisho nesimo sakho ngenkathi uhlolwa.

Kodwa-ke, lokhu kwenziwa ngendlela ekwenza uzizwe ukhululekile futhi ukhululekile. Asikho isizathu sokwesaba.

Uma unemibuzo mayelana ne-angiogram noma ukuthi ingayitholani, ungesabi ukubuza udokotela wakho. Khumbula, lokhu kwenzelwa ukukusiza ukuthuthukisa impilo yakho.

I- Angiogram, isifo senhliziyo, imithambo yegazi, amahlule egazi, ama-stents, i-angioplasty, izivivinyo zezokwelapha