Ingabe udokotela wakho wake wakutshela noma ingane yakho ngokuhlinzwa ngenxa yenkinga nge-anus yakho noma inkinga yokuzalwa nayo? Kungenzeka ukuthi uke wezwa igama elithi "anoplasty." Leli gama lingase lesabe kancane, kodwa uma usuqonda ukuthi liyini nokuthi kungani lenziwa, ukwesaba nokungabaza kwakho kuzonyamalala. Namuhla, sizoxoxa ngalokhu kuhlinzwa kwe-anoplasty.
Kalula nje, kuyini i-anoplasty?
I-Anoplasty inqubo yokuhlinzwa yokulungisa noma ukwakha kabusha indunu yakho, imbobo lapho kuphuma khona indle. Indunu iyingxenye yokugcina yamathumbu ethu amakhulu. Iyipayipi elingaba amasentimitha angu-3-4 ubude, elizungezwe imisipha eyindilinga. Sibiza le misipha ngokuthi ama-sphincters . Yilezi ezisiza ekukhipheni indle. Ngakho-ke, uma kukhona iphutha endleleni lendunu engasebenzi kahle ngayo, kwenziwa i-anoplasty ukuze ilungiswe. Ezinye zalezi ziphutha zingaba yinto yokuzalwa nayo. Ezinye zingavela kamuva ngenxa yengozi noma isifo.
Kungani kudingeka ukwenza lokhu kuhlinzwa kwe-anoplasty?
Kunezizathu eziningana eziyinhloko zokwenza i-anoplasty. Ake sibone ukuthi ziyini. Ngizokuchazela lokhu ngeshadi okulula ukuliqonda.
| Imbangela | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| I-Anal Stenosis | Lokhu kuvame kakhulu kubantu abadala. I-rectum iba mncane ngenxa yezicubu zesibazi ezakheka ku-rectum. Lokhu kungenzeka njengomphumela ongemuhle wokuhlinzwa kwangaphambilini noma ngenxa yesimo sezokwelapha sesikhathi eside. Lapho i-rectum iba mncane, indle ayinwebeki kahle njengoba kufanele, okwenza kube buhlungu kakhulu ukunyakaza kwamathumbu. Uma ezinye izindlela zokwelapha zingayiqedi le nkinga, kungase kudingeke ukuhlinzwa kwe-anorectal. |
| Ukukhubazeka kwe-Anorectal | Lezi yizimo ezenzeka ezinganeni ngesikhathi sokuzalwa. Isibonelo, i-Imperforate AnusLesi yisimo lapho indunu yomntwana ingavulwa noma ivalekile. Esinye yi -perineal fistula . Lokhu kwenzeka lapho indunu ivuleka endaweni engafanele, hhayi lapho kufanele ibe khona. Lesi simbobo sivame ukuba sincane kakhulu, futhi asidluli emisipheni elawula ukunyakaza kwamathumbu, ngakho umntwana akakwazi ukulawula ukunyakaza kwamathumbu. |
Umntwana kufanele ahlinzwe nini?
Uma umntwana osanda kuzalwa enenkinga efana nale, kungokwemvelo ngawe njengomzali ukuthi uphatheke kabi kakhulu. Kodwa khumbula, isayensi yezokwelapha inezixazululo ezisebenzayo zalokhu. Amanye amaphutha alula angalungiswa ngokuhlinzwa okulula kwe-anoplasty zingakapheli izinsuku ezimbalwa zokuzalwa.
Kodwa-ke, izingane ezineziphambeko eziyinkimbinkimbi kuzodingeka zenze ukuhlinzwa okuningana. Ezimweni ezinjalo, udokotela uzoqala enze i-colostomy . Lokhu kusho ukuthi kwakheka imbobo yesikhashana (i-stoma) esiswini somntwana, okuvumela indle ukuthi idlule kuyo. Ngemuva kwalokho, lapho umntwana esekhulile kancane, kwenziwa i-anoplasty ngesikhathi esifanele ukuze kulungiswe kahle i-anus. Ngemuva kwalokho, lapho amanxeba ephola, i-colostomy yokuqala iyasuswa futhi umntwana angakhipha indle ngokujwayelekile nge-anus.
Kufanele ngilungiselele kanjani ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa?
Uma ungumuntu omdala, udokotela wakho ohlinzayo uzokutshela ukuthi uhlanze amathumbu akho ngokuphelele ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa. Lokhu kuhilela ukukunikeza isiphuzo esikhethekile esibizwa ngokuthi i-bowel prep . Uphuza lokhu ngosuku olwandulela ukuhlinzwa. Lokhu kuzokwenza udinge ukuya endlini yangasese kaningi futhi kuzokhipha amathumbu akho ngokuphelele.
Uzocelwa ukuba ulandele ukudla okukhethekile izinsuku ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokuthatha lesi siphuzo. Ngokuvamile, uzokwelulekwa ukuthi udle ukudla okune-fiber encane cishe izinsuku ezimbili futhi uphuze uketshezi olucacile kuphela ngosuku lokugcina. Udokotela wakho uzokuchazela konke lokhu ngokucacile.
Kwenzekani ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa?
Umgomo oyinhloko we-anoplasty ukuvuselela i-anus esebenzayo. Izinyathelo udokotela wakho ozomhlinzayo azolandela zingahluka kuye ngesimo sakho.
Ngokuvamile, ufakwa ngaphansi kwe-anesthesia ejwayelekile bese ujikiswa ngesisu sakho. Odokotela abahlinzayo baqale basebenzise i-electric stimulator ukuthola izindawo lapho imisipha ese-rectum yakho ifinyela khona. Lokhu kubavumela ukuthi bahlele kahle ukuthi i-rectum yakho kufanele ibe kuphi nokuthi imisipha ikuphi.
- Uma indunu incishisiwe (i-Anal Stenosis): Lokhu kuhilela ukususa izicubu zesibazi ezibangele ukuncishiswa. Ngemuva kwalokho indunu ingavuleka futhi. Kodwa-ke, lapho isibazi sisuswa, kusala imbobo encane ngaphakathi. Ukuze ayivale, udokotela ohlinzayo uthatha ingxenye encane yesikhumba (isikhumba esigoqekile) ezinqeni zakho (isikhumba esizungeze indunu), avale imbobo, bese eyithunga ivalwe.
- Kumntwana onezinkinga ze-anorectal: Uma i-anus yengane ingekho noma isendaweni engafanele, udokotela ohlinzayo kuzodingeka adale i-anus entsha. Le anus entsha kumele idlule emisipheni ye-anal sphincter ekugcineni kwamathumbu amakhulu engane futhi ivuleke endaweni efanele. Uma kukhona ama-fistula avuleka ezindaweni ezingafanele, kuzodingeka futhi avalwe.
Kwenzekani ngemva kokuhlinzwa? Yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona?
Kuye ngohlobo lokuhlinzwa, ungaya ekhaya ngalolo suku noma uhlale esibhedlela izinsuku ezimbalwa. Udokotela uzokuqapha eduze kuze kube yilapho amanxeba akho ephola.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukwenza ukukhuliswa kwendunu njengoba kuqondiswe udokotela wakho ngesikhathi inxeba lisaphola. Lokhu kuhilela ukufaka idivayisi ekhethekile (i-dilator) endunu nsuku zonke ukuze ivuleke kancane. Lokhu kwenzelwa ukuvimbela indunu esanda kudalwa ukuthi ingaphinde inciphe (stenosis) njengoba iphola.
Njenganoma yikuphi ukuhlinzwa, kunethuba elincane lokuthi ukuhlinzwa kwe-anoplasty kungabangela izingozi noma izinkinga ezithile. Masiqaphele nalokho futhi.
| Uhlobo lwenkinga | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Izinkinga Zesikhathi Esifushane | |
| Ukutheleleka | Uma inxeba litheleleka ngesikhathi lisaphola, kungathatha isikhathi eside ukuphola. Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lizokufundisa ukuthi ungakuvimbela kanjani lokhu. |
| I-Hematoma (igazi eliqhekekile) | Igazi liyaqoqana ngaphakathi kwesilonda bese lenza ihlule. Ukufaka iqhwa, ukucindezela, kanye nebhandishi kuzosiza. Kungase kudingeke futhi wenze okuthile okuncane ukuze ususe igazi. |
| Ubunzima bokuchama (Ukugcinwa Komchamo) | Abanye abantu banenkinga yokuchama ngemva kokuhlinzwa. Lokhu kungaqedwa okwesikhashana ngemithi noma, uma kudingeka, nge-catheter. |
| Ukuqunjelwa | Lokhu kungenzeka nakubantu abake baba nokuqunjelwa ngaphambili. Udokotela uzokunikeza imithi edingekayo yalokho. |
| Izinkinga Zesikhathi Eside | |
| Ukungakwazi ukulawula indle (Ukungakwazi ukuzibamba) | Ukuhlinzwa kungathinta imisipha noma imizwa elawula ukuhamba kwamathumbu. Ezinye izingane ezinezinkinga zokuzalwa zingase zilahlekelwe imizwa nemisipha edingekayo. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ezinye zizothola ukulawula, kanti ezinye zizolahlekelwa ukulawula. Udokotela wakho uzokhuluma nawe ngalokhu nokuthi yini engenziwa ngakho. |
| I-Stenosis | Uma ukuvuleka kungenziwanga kahle ngesikhathi senqubo yokuphulukiswa, indunu ingase ibe mncane futhi. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukukwenza njengoba nje udokotela ekutshelile. |
| Ukuqubuka Kwenabukeni | Uma izingane ziqala ukuzikhulula ngendunu yazo esanda kwakheka, zingaba nokuvuvukala okukhulu. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi isikhumba asikaze sitholakale endle ngaphambili. Lokhu kungalawulwa ngokusebenzisa amafutha akhethekile. |
Sinjani isikhathi sokululama?
Ngokuvamile kuthatha amasonto ama-4 kuya kwayi-8 ukuthi amanxeba aphole ngokuphelele. Kujwayelekile ukopha kancane ngesikhathi sokwanda kwansuku zonke, ngakho ungakhathazeki ngakho. Akubuhlungu kakhulu. Udokotela wakho uzokunikeza imithi edingekayo yokulawula ubuhlungu. Uzocelwa futhi ukuthi ulandele ukudla okukhethekile phakathi nalesi sikhathi.
Kubantwana abake bahlinzwa i-colostomy, ukuhlinzwa kokugcina kokukhipha i-colostomy kungenziwa uma i-rectum isipholile ngokuphelele.
Ukuncipha kwe-anus noma ukukhubazeka kokuzalwa kuyizinto ezingavamile, kodwa uma kwenzeka, kungaduduza ukwazi ukuthi imiphumela ephumelelayo ingatholakala ngokuhlinzwa okufana ne-anoplasty.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Anoplasty iwukuhlinzwa okukhethekile futhi okuphumelelayo kakhulu okwenziwa ukulungisa ukuncipha kanye nokukhubazeka kokuzalwa kwe-anus.
- Kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho ngokucophelela ngesikhathi sokululama kwakho ngemva kokuhlinzwa, ikakhulukazi uma kukhulunywa ngokunwebeka.
- Uma ungumzali wengane ezalwe inalolu hlobo lokukhubazeka kokuzalwa, awuwedwa. Sebenzisana eduze nethimba lakho lokuhlinzwa futhi uthole ukwesekwa okudingayo.
- Uma unemibuzo, ukwesaba, noma ukungabaza ngalokhu, sicela uxoxe ngakho nodokotela wakho ngaphandle kokungabaza.
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