Ake sifunde ngokulungiswa kwe-Aortic Valve.

Cabanga ngenhliziyo yakho njengendlu enamakamelo amane. Kuneminyango phakathi kwala makamelo evumela igazi ukuthi ligeleze liye phambili naphambili. Omunye 'umnyango' obaluleke kangaka enhliziyweni yi-Aortic Valve. Leli yisango elilawula ukugeleza kwegazi kusuka enhliziyweni kuya emthanjeni oyinhloko (i-Aorta) othwala igazi liye emzimbeni wonke. Leli sango liyavuleka futhi livaleke njalo ngokushaya kwenhliziyo. Ngakho cabanga, kwenzekani uma kukhona okonakalayo kuleli sango? Yilapho izinkinga ziqala khona.

Kalula nje, kuyini ukulungiswa kwe-Aortic Valve?

Ukulungiswa kwe-Aortic valve uhlobo lokuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo oluhilela ukulungisa iphutha esangweni eliyinhloko lenhliziyo, i-aortic valve, esikhulume ngayo ngenhla, bese siyibuyisela ekusebenzeni kahle.

Cabanga nje uma ubungeke ukwazi ukuvala umnyango endlini yakho kahle. Ngendlela efanayo, ivalvu ye-aortic yabanye abantu ayivaleki kahle bese igazi liqala ukuvuza (i-aortic regurgitation) . Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-aortic regurgitation kwisayensi yezokwelapha. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, elinye igazi okufanele lisuke enhliziyweni liye emzimbeni livuza libuyele enhliziyweni. Ngemuva kwalokho inhliziyo kufanele isebenze kanzima ukupompa inani legazi elidingwa umzimba wonke. Uma lokhu kwenzeka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, inhliziyo ingonakala. Yingakho abantu abane-aortic regurgitation enzima kanye nalabo abanezimpawu kudingeka bahlinzwe ukuze kulungiswe noma kushintshwe le valve.

Ngokuvamile, odokotela bashintsha le valve ngentsha ngokuphelele. Kodwa-ke, ezinye iziguli zingalungisa futhi zisebenzise ivalvu yazo. Lokhu akunakwenzeka kuwo wonke umuntu. Odokotela abahlinzayo bacabangela izici eziningi lapho bekhetha umuntu ozohlinzwa. Udokotela uzonquma ukuthi kungcono yini ukuthi ulungise ivalvu noma ufake entsha, ngokusekelwe ezintweni eziningi, njengokuma kwevalvu yakho kanye nobukhulu bomonakalo.

Yini okufanele uyenze ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa?

Uma ulungiselela ukuhlinzwa, into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi kwenziwe izivivinyo kusengaphambili. Udokotela ohlinzayo udinga ukwazi ngokuqinisekile ukuthi i-aortic valve yakho ingalungiswa ngempela. Uma izingxenye ze-valve zonakele kakhulu, kungcono ukufaka i-valve entsha kunokuyilungisa.

Ukuhlolwa okuyinhloko kwalokhu yi -Transesophageal Echocardiogram (TEE) . Lokhu kuhilela ukufaka ipayipi elincane elinekhamera emphinjeni wakho ukuze uthathe izithombe ezicacile neziseduze zenhliziyo yakho. Lokhu kuvumela udokotela wakho ukuthi abheke kahle isimo se-valve nezinye izingxenye zenhliziyo yakho.

Ngaphezu kwalokhu kuhlolwa kwe-TEE, kuzodingeka ube nezinye izivivinyo eziningana.

Udokotela wakho uzokunikeza imiyalelo ecacile yokuthi ungalungiselela kanjani ukuhlinzwa. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela leyo miyalelo ngqo. Uma kukhona ongakuqondi, qiniseka ukuthi ubuza udokotela wakho noma umhlengikazi. Leyo miyalelo ingafaka izinto ezinjengalezi:

• Isikhathi sokuyeka ukudla nokuphuza ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa.
• Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi udinga ukuyeka okwesikhashana ukuthatha noma yimiphi imithi ovame ukuyithatha.
• Sekuyisikhathi sokufika esibhedlela ukuze uhlinzwe.
• Okufanele ulethe esibhedlela nokuthi yini okufanele uyishiye ekhaya.

Kwenziwa kanjani ukuhlinzwa?

Ukuhlinzwa kokulungisa i-aorta kuvame ukwenziwa njengokuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo evulekile . Okusho ukuthi, ukuhlinzwa kwenziwa ngokusikwa okukodwa okukhulu phakathi kwesifuba. Kodwa-ke, kwezinye izimo, ukuhlinzwa kwenziwa ngokusikwa okuncane (ukuhlinzwa okungenasivikelo kakhulu).Lokhu kungenziwa ngendlela ehlukile. Ukuhlinzwa kwenziwa ngokusika okuncane okuningana esifubeni. Udokotela ohlinzayo uzokutshela ukuthi iyiphi indlela engcono kakhulu kuwe.

Lezi yizinyathelo lapho ukuhlinzwa kuvame ukwenzeka khona:

1. I-Anesthesia: Okokuqala, uzonikezwa imithi yokukulalisa ngokuphelele. Ngakho ngeke uzwe lutho noma ubuhlungu ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa.

2. Ukwenza i-incision: Okulandelayo, udokotela ohlinzayo wenza i-incision eyodwa noma ngaphezulu esifubeni ukuze afinyelele inhliziyo. Ekuhlinzeni okuvulekile, i-incision yenziwa cishe ngamasentimitha angu-1.2 ubude phakathi kwethambo lesifuba ( sternum ).

3. Ukuxhumeka emshinini wenhliziyo namaphaphu: Ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa, uzoxhunywa emshinini wenhliziyo namaphaphu ukuze wenze umsebenzi wenhliziyo namaphaphu akho. Lo mshini ujikeleza igazi emzimbeni wakho wonke futhi wengeze umoya-mpilo egazini.

4. Ukulungiswa kwevalvu: Udokotela ohlinzayo uzobe eselungisa ivalvu yakho ye-aorta. Indlela okwenziwa ngayo lokhu izohluka kumuntu nomuntu. Kuzoncika ekubunjweni kwevalvu yakho kanye nomonakalo wayo. Isibonelo, i-annuloplasty inqubo eqinisa isisekelo sevalvu (indandatho) futhi ivumele ivalvu ukuthi ivale kahle. Iphinde isebenzise amasu ahlukahlukene, njengokushintsha ukuma kwamapheshana evalvu nokunamathisela izingcezu zezicubu emigodini noma ezidabukile kuzo.

5. Ukulungisa izinkinga ezengeziwe: Uma kunezinye izinkinga ngenhliziyo noma i-aorta ngalesi sikhathi, isibonelo, i- aneurysm , zizolungiswa naphakathi nalokhu kuhlinzwa.

6. Ukuqeda ukuhlinzwa: Uma konke ukulungiswa okudingekayo sekuqediwe, udokotela ohlinzayo uzovala futhi athunge izimbobo. Ithimba lezokwelapha lizobe selikuyisa ekamelweni lokululama.

Kwenzekani ngemva kokuhlinzwa?

Ngemva kokuhlinzwa, uzohlala esibhedlela cishe izinsuku ezintathu kuya kweziyisikhombisa. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, amaqembu ezokwelapha nabahlengikazi azokuqapha eduze . Azokuhlola ukuthi ukululama kwakho kuhamba kahle yini. Azokusiza ukuthi uhambe kancane kancane futhi uzulazule.

Ngaphambi kokuba uye ekhaya, uzotshelwa ngezinhlelo zokuvuselela inhliziyo . Lezi zizosiza kakhulu inqubo yakho yokululama.

Ziyini izinzuzo zalokhu kuhlinzwa?

Inzuzo eyinhloko yokuhlinzwa kokulungisa i-aortic valve ukuthi uthola i-valve yakho yemvelo. Lokhu kungakusiza ugweme ezinye zezingozi ezihlobene nokuba ne-valve entsha. Ikakhulukazi, kungakusiza ugweme isidingo sokuthatha ama-anticoagulant impilo yakho yonke. Udokotela wakho uzokutshela okwengeziwe ngezinzuzo zalokhu kuhlinzwa, kuye ngesimo sakho.

Ziyini izingozi zokuhlinzwa?

Inkinga enkulu engaba khona isidingo sokuhlinzwa okwengeziwe . Kunezizathu eziningana zokuthi kungani lokhu kungenzeka:

• Ukuvuza kwegazi kusuka ku-valve ngisho nangemva kokuhlinzwa ( ukuphindaphinda kwe-aorta ).
• Ukutheleleka kwe-valve ( i-endocarditis ).
• Izingxenye zevalvu elungisiwe azisebenzi njengoba bekulindelekile.

Ngaphezu kwalokhu, kunezingozi eziningana ezivamile ezingase zivele ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa kwe-aortic valve:

• Isigqi senhliziyo esingajwayelekile ( i-arrhythmia )
• Ukungezwani komzimba nemithi yokubulala izinzwa
• Ukopha ngokweqile
• Isifo senhliziyo
• Ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo
• Isifo sohlangothi

Izinga lobungozi lomuntu wonke lihlukile. Udokotela wakho ohlinzayo uzokhuluma nawe ngezingozi zakho ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa. Kubalulekile ukuthi uqonde kahle zonke izinkinga ezingaba khona nokuthi zingakuthinta kanjani. Qiniseka ukuthi ubuza ukuthi kukhona yini ongakuqondi. Abantu abanezinkinga ezinkulu zempilo ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa (isibonelo, ukwehluleka okukhulu kwenhliziyo) bangase babe nezingozi eziphakeme kancane.

Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukululama?

Kuzokuthatha cishe amasonto amane kuya kwayisishiyagalombili ukululama ngokuphelele ekuhlinzweni. Uma uhlinzwe ngendlela engadingi ukuhlinzwa, isikhathi sakho sokululama singase sibe sifushane.

Kujwayelekile ukuzizwa ukhathele amasonto ambalwa ngemva kokuhlinzwa. Kubalulekile ukuphumula . Ungenzi umsebenzi omningi ngesikhathi esisodwa. Udokotela wakho uzokutshela ukuthi kuphephile nini ukuthi uqalise imisebenzi evamile (njengokushayela noma ukuya emsebenzini). Ukubamba iqhaza ezinhlelweni zokuvuselela inhliziyo kungakusiza nokuthi ujwayele indlela yokuphila enempilo futhi uphinde usebenze ngokuphepha.

Uma unalezi zimpawu, shayela udokotela wakho ngokushesha!

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukwazisa udokotela wakho ngokushesha uma uba nanoma yiziphi izimpawu zezinkinga ngemuva kokubuyela ekhaya uvela ekuhlinzweni. Qaphela kakhulu lezi zimpawu ezilandelayo:

Ezinye izinto ezibalulekile okufanele uzazi

Ukuhlinzwa kokulungisa i-aortic valve kwenziwa kaningi kakhulu kunokuhlinzwa kokushintsha i-aortic valve. Eqinisweni, ngaphansi kuka-5% kokuhlinzwa kwe-aortic valve kuyikuhlinzwa kokulungisa. Isizathu esiyinhloko salokhu ukuthi kuwukuhlinzwa okukhethekile kakhulu futhi okuyinkimbinkimbi. Ngakho-ke, lokhu kuhlinzwa akwenziwa kuzo zonke izibhedlela noma yibo bonke odokotela abahlinzayo.

Lokhu kuhlinzwa kwelapha isimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-aortic regurgitation (i-valve evuzayo) . Ngezinye izikhathi, ukushintshwa kwezimpande ze-aortic okusindisa i-valveLokhu kulungiswa kwevalvu kwenziwa njengengxenye yokuhlinzwa okubizwa ngokuthi ukulungiswa kwe-aortic aneurysm. Lokhu kuhilela ukulungisa nokugcina ivalvu yakho ngenkathi welapha ukuvuvukala (i-aneurysm) engxenyeni eyinhloko ye-aorta exhumanisa nenhliziyo yakho.

Kuvamile ukuzizwa wesaba futhi ukhathazekile ngoba lokhu kuwukuhlinzwa okukhulu. Kodwa khumbula, lapho lokhu kuhlinzwa kwenziwa udokotela ohlinzayo onolwazi, inhliziyo yakho izothola ukunakekelwa ekudingayo ukuze isebenze kangcono futhi ibe namandla esikhathini eside. Njengoba ulungiselela ukuhlinzwa, xoxa nganoma yimiphi imibuzo nokukhathazeka ongase ube nakho nethimba lakho lezokwelapha. Bazokuchazela konke.