Ukukhulelwa yisikhathi esikhethekile kakhulu nesinethemba empilweni yabo bonke abesifazane. Kodwa phakathi nalesi sikhathi, sidinga ukucabanga kabili ngempilo yethu kanye neyomntwana osesiswini sethu. Namuhla sizokhuluma ngesihloko abantu abaningi abangabaza ukukhuluma ngaso, kodwa kufanelekile ukuqaphela. Okusho ukuthi, izifo ezithathelwana ngocansi ezingatholakala ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, noma izifo ezithathelwana ngocansi njengoba sonke sizazi. Ngaphambi kokuba sesabe ngalokhu, ake siqonde amaqiniso.
Kalula nje, ziyini lezi zifo ezithathelwana ngocansi (STD)?
Izifo ezithathelwana ngocansi (STD) yizifo ezidluliselwa komunye umuntu ziye komunye ngokuxhumana ngokocansi. Zingasakazeka ngezenzo zobulili ezihilela izitho zangasese, umlomo, noma i-rectum.
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ukhulelwe noma cha, lezi zimo zimbi kakhulu futhi zidinga ukwelashwa. Kodwa uma ukhulelwe, awuwedwa osengozini. Lezi zifo zingadala umonakalo omkhulu enganeni yakho engakazalwa.
Ngokuvamile, ngesikhathi sokuvakasha kwakho kokuqala ngaphambi kokubeletha, udokotela wakho uzokuhlolela ezinye zalezi zimo. Kodwa uma usola ngisho nokuncane ukuthi unaso, ungangabazi ukutshela udokotela wakho. Ukuqala ukwelashwa kusenesikhathi kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yokuzivikela wena nomntwana wakho.
Ziyini izimpawu ze-STD?
Ngezinye izikhathi lezi zifo azibonisi zimpawu. Yilokho okwesabisa kakhulu. Kodwa uma kuvela izimpawu, zingabonakala kanje.
| Isibonakaliso | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Izinguquko zesikhumba | Amaqhubu, izilonda, noma izinhlungu emlonyeni, endunu, esithweni sangasese sowesifazane, noma epenis. |
| Ukuvuvukala nokubomvu | Ukuvuvukala noma ukubomvu okuzungeze izitho zangasese. |
| Ubunzima bokuchama | Ukushisa noma ubuhlungu lapho uchama. |
| Ukukhishwa | Ukuphuma koketshezi olungavamile esithweni sangasese sowesifazane noma epenis (mhlawumbe olunephunga elibi). |
| Ukopha okungavamile | Ukopha esithweni sangasese sowesifazane uma kungesona isikhathi senyanga. |
| ukulunywa okukhulu | Ukuluma okungabekezeleleki endaweni yesitho sangasese. |
| Ezinye izici ezivamile | Ubuhlungu bomzimba, umkhuhlane, ukubanda, ukwehla kwesisindo, isifo sohudo, ukuphuzi kwesikhumba (i-jaundice). |
Lezi zifo zithinta kanjani ukukhulelwa kanye nengane?
Lena yingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu. Isifo ngasinye sofuba sithinta ukukhulelwa kanye nomntwana ngendlela ehlukile. Ake sikubheke ngokucacile.
| Igama lesifo | Umthelela kanye nokwelashwa |
|---|---|
| I-HIV/AIDS | Umphumela: Ngemithi ethuthukisiwe yanamuhla, ukudluliselwa kwe-HIV kusuka kumama kuya enganeni kungavinjelwa kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, uma kwenzeka ukudluliselwa, ingane ingatheleleka nge-HIV . Ukwelashwa: Ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha ngaphambi kokukhulelwa kanye nokuthatha imithi efanele ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kunganciphisa kakhulu ingozi yokudlulisela lesi sifo enganeni. |
| I-Herpes | Umphumela: Uma umama enezilonda ze-herpes zobulili ezisebenzayo ngesikhathi sokuzalwa, kunethuba elikhulu lokuthi umntwana uzotheleleka. Lokhu kungabangela umonakalo emehlweni nasesimisweni sezinzwa somntwana. Kungaba yingozi ngisho nokuphila. Ukwelashwa: Uma izilonda ze-herpes zisebenza ngesikhathi sokubeletha , odokotela bavame ukuncoma ukuhlinzwa ngokuhlinzwa (C-section) ukuvimbela ukutheleleka komntwana. Kunikezwa amaphilisi okulwa negciwane. |
| I-Gonorrhea | Umphumela: Uma kungelashwa, kwandisa ingozi yokuphuphuma kwesisu noma ukuzalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Uma ukutheleleka kudluliswa ngesikhathi sokuzalwa, umntwana angaba yimpumputhe, atheleleke emalungeni, noma atheleleke ngegazi okusongela ukuphila. Ukwelashwa: Kungelapheka ngokuphelele ngama-antibiotic. Njengoba kungaba khona ngisho noma kungekho zimpawu, zonke izingane zinikezwa i-eye drop lapho zizalwa ukuze kuvinjelwe ukutheleleka. |
| I-HPV (Izinhlungu Zangasese) | Imiphumela: Ama-warts ezitho zangasese angakhula ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa ngenxa yezinguquko zamahomoni. Uma eba makhulu ngokwanele ukuphazamisa ukubeletha, kungadingeka ukuhlinzwa ngokuhlinzwa kwe-C. Ukwelashwa: Ukwelashwa kuvame ukwenziwa ngemva kokuzalwa komntwana. Kusetshenziswa ukuhlinzwa noma ezinye izindlela ukususa amaqhubu. |
| I-Chlamydia | Umthelela: Kwandisa ingozi yokuphuphuma kwesisu nokuzalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Uma ingane inegciwane, kungabangela ukutheleleka okukhulu kwamehlo kanye ne-pneumonia. Ukwelashwa: Umama welashwa ngama -antibiotic . Ngemva kokwelashwa, kufanele ahlolwe kabusha ezinyangeni ezi-3 ukuze kubonakale ukuthi isifo sesiphelile yini ngokuphelele. |
| I-Syphilis | Umphumela: Lokhu kuyingozi kakhulu. Lesi sifo singadluliselwa kalula enganeni nge-placenta. Singabangela ngisho nokufa komntwana. Izingane ezisindayo zingaba nezinkinga ezinkulu ngobuchopho, amehlo, izindlebe, inhliziyo, isikhumba, amazinyo namathambo. Ukwelashwa: Ukunikeza ama-antibiotic ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kungavimbela ingane ekutholeni lesi sifo futhi kwelaphe ukugula kukamama. |
| I-Hepatitis B | Umphumela: Uma umama enalesi sifo, kunethuba elingama-40% lokuthi umntwana naye angenwe yilesi sifo. Uma lokho kwenzeka, umntwana uzoba nesifo impilo yakhe yonke futhi angase ahlushwe yisifo sesibindi. Ukwelashwa: Ngenhlanhla, lokhu kungavinjelwa ngokutholwa kusenesikhathi kanye nokugonyelwa i-hepatitis B. Umuthi wokugomela (ama-antibodies) onikezwa ingane ngesikhathi sokuzalwa uvimbela ukutheleleka ukuthi kudlulele kumama kuye enganeni. |
| I-Trichomoniasis | Imiphumela: Uketshezi oluphuma esithweni sangasese sowesifazane oluphuzi-oluhlaza. Kwandisa ingozi yokuzalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Akuvamile ukuthi umntwana angenwe yileli gciwane. Ukwelashwa: Kungelapheka ngemithi. Kubalulekile ukuthi umlingani wakho elashwe ngesikhathi esifanayo. Lokhu kubalulekile ukuvimbela ukutheleleka kabusha. |
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi uma unikezwa ama-antibiotics ukwelapha isifo socansi, kufanele uthathe yonke imithi, noma ngabe awusenazo izimpawu. Ungalokothi usebenzise imithi yomunye umuntu noma wabelane ngemithi yakho nomunye umuntu.
Ungazivikela kanjani ezifweni ezinjalo?
Kunezinyathelo ezimbalwa ezilula ongazithatha ukuze uzivikele kulezi zifo.
- Ucansi oluphephile: Sebenzisa ikhondomu ye-latex njalo, ikakhulukazi uma unabalingani bocansi abangaphezu koyedwa.
- Ukunciphisa abalingani: Uma unabalingani abaningi bocansi, kulapho ingozi yakho yokuthola isifo ikhula khona.
- Ukuthandana nomuntu oyedwa: Uma, njengawe, umlingani wakho elala nawe kuphela, ingozi iphansi kakhulu.
- Ukunakekela umlingani wakho: Gwema ukuya ocansini nomuntu obonakala enezimpawu noma onabantu abaningi abathandana nabo.
- Ukugwema utshwala nezidakamizwa: Uma usebenzisa utshwala noma izidakamizwa, cishe ngeke ulandele imikhuba ephephile. Lokhu kuyingozi kakhulu enganeni esibelethweni.
- Hlola: Uma unesifo, ungasidluliseli kumlingani wakho noma enganeni yakho. Ukuhlolwa kusenesikhathi ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa akusho ukuthi ngeke ube nesifo kamuva. Ngakho-ke uma ubulokhu uzibandakanya ekuziphatheni okuyingozi, hlola futhi.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Izifo ezithathelwana ngocansi (STD) ziyinkathazo enkulu yezempilo, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.
- Uma unezimpawu noma ukukhathazeka, ungabi namahloni noma wesabe ukukhuluma ngokukhululekile nodokotela wakho ngakho.
- Ukutholwa kusenesikhathi kanye nokwelashwa okusheshayo yizona zindlela ezinhle kakhulu zokuzivikela wena kanye nomntwana wakho.
- Uma kuqinisekiswe ukuthi unesifo, kubalulekile ukuthi umlingani wakho naye ahlolwe futhi elashwe uma kudingeka. Ngaphandle kwalokho, ungase utheleleke futhi.
- Eziningi zalezi zifo zingagwenywa ngokwenza ucansi oluphephile.
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