Uma wena noma ingane yakho ninesifo i-Beta Thalassemia, siyazi ukuthi impilo ingaba nzima kangakanani. Ukumpontshelwa igazi njalo nokuphila nezinkinga ezihambisana nakho akulula. Kodwa namuhla, ngokuthuthuka kwesayensi yezokwelapha, sizokhuluma ngendlela yokwelapha engayelapha ngokuphelele lesi sifo. Lokho ukufakelwa kwamaseli e-stem, noma njengoba abantu abaningi bekwazi, "Ukufakelwa kwamaseli e-stem".
Kalula nje, kuyini ukufakelwa kweseli le-stem?
Ake sikuqonde kalula lokhu. Ake sithi imizimba yethu inefektri yokwenza igazi. Lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi umongo wamathambo . Lena yingxenye enesiponji ngaphakathi kwamathambo ethu amakhulu. Ku-thalassemia, okwenzekayo ukuthi eminye yemishini (amaseli) kule fektri, okungukuthi, emmongo wamathambo, ayisebenzi kahle. Ngakho-ke, awekho amangqamuzana egazi abomvu amahle nanempilo anele akhiqizwayo.
Ekufakweni kwe-stem cell, amangqamuzana omzimba wakho angasebenzi kahle omongo ayasuswa bese kuthathelwa indawo amangqamuzana egazi (ama-Hematopoietic Stem Cells) kumuntu ophilile. Lawa maseli amasha afana nefektri entsha. Aya emmongo wakho wamathambo bese eqala ukwenza amangqamuzana egazi abomvu anempilo.
Okusho ukuthi, kufana nokulahla imishini emidala, engasebenzi, ukufaka eminye imishini emisha sha, bese uqala kabusha ifektri.
Le nqubo yokufakelwa inzalo yenzeka kanjani?
Lokhu kwenzeka ngezinyathelo eziningana.
Ngaphambi kokutshala kabusha
Okokuqala, udinga ukubhubhisa amangqamuzana amadala omnkantsha angasebenzi kahle emzimbeni wakho. Yilokho okushiwo yi -chemotherapy . Igama elithi "chemo" lingase lesabise abanye abantu, kodwa lapha lisetshenziselwa ukwenza indawo emnkantsha ukuze amangqamuzana amasha, anempilo angene futhi ahlale. Kufana nokususa lonke ukhula oludala nokulungisa inhlabathi ngaphambi kokutshala.
Ngesikhathi sokufakelwa
Lokhu akulona ukuhlinzwa okukhulu njengoba ungase ucabange. Kufana nje nokunikeza igazi. Amaseli e-stem avela kumuntu onikelayo afakwa emzimbeni wakho ngepayipi lepulasitiki (i-catheter) elifakwa esifubeni sakho. Lawa maseli ahamba egazini lakho, athole indawo yawo emnkantsheni wethambo, bese ehlala lapho. Kulapho-ke kuphela lapho eqala khona ukwenza amaseli egazi anempilo.
Siwatholaphi la maseli?
Lena yingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu futhi eyinselele yalolu hlobo lokwelashwa. Asikwazi ukuthatha amaseli kunoma ubani. Ukufana kwezakhi zofuzo phakathi komnikeli nomemukeli kumele kube phezulu kakhulu.
- Okufanayo okungcono kakhulu:Umnikeli ongcono kakhulu walokhu umfowabo noma udadewabo wesiguli. Kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi babe nofuzo oluhambisana kahle kakhulu.
- Ezinye izinketho: Kodwa ungalilahli ithemba lokuthi awukamtholi umfowenu noma umfowenu ofanelana nowakho. Kukhona amathuba okuthola ufuzo olufanelana nozalo ngokusebenzisa ababhalisi bamazwe ngamazwe, noma ngabe awuhlobene. Lokhu kungaba inqubo ethatha isikhathi.
Ziyini izingozi zalokhu kwelashwa?
Njenganoma yikuphi ukwelashwa okukhulu, kunezingozi ezithile. Kubalulekile ukuxoxa ngalokhu ngokukhululekile nodokotela wakho.
| Ingozi | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| Ukulimala kwesitho somzimba | Uma inani lensimbi emzimbeni likhuphuka ngenxa yokumpontshelwa igazi njalo futhi izitho ezifana nenhliziyo nesibindi zonakele, ingozi inganda kakhulu ngemva kokufakelwa. Yingakho kubalulekile ukuba kwenziwe ukwelashwa kwe-chelation ngendlela efanele ngaphambi kokufakelwa. |
| Isifo Sokuxhunyelelwa Uma Siqhathaniswa Nesifo Somuntu Osiphethe (GVHD) | Okwenzekayo kulesi simo ukuthi amangqamuzana omnikeli, asanda kungeniswa emzimbeni, aqaphela umzimba wesiguli 'njengesitha' bese ewuhlasela. Kunemithi yokulawula lokhu. |
| Izifo | Imithi esetshenziswa ukulawula i-GVHD kanye ne-chemotherapy enikezwa ngaphambi kokufakelwa inciphisa amasosha omzimba. Lokhu kwenza kube lula ukuthi uthole izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane. Kodwa-ke, odokotela bazokunikeza imithi efana nama-antibiotic ukuvimbela lokhu phakathi nalesi sikhathi. |
Okubalulekile, lokhu kwelashwa kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi kuphumelele kubantu abasebasha, ikakhulukazi izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka eyi-14. Futhi, uma umonakalo omncane ezithweni zomzimba ngaphambi kokufakelwa, imiphumela iba mihle.
Imiphumela emibi engaba khona ngemva kokwelashwa
Kunemiphumela emibi eminingana yesikhathi esifushane neyesikhathi eside engenzeka ngemva kokufakelwa isitho sowesifazane.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu umthelela emandleni okuthola abantwana (Ukungazali) . Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali okuphezulu okunikezwa ngaphambi kokufakelwa kungalimaza ama-ovari abesifazane kanye nokukhiqizwa kwesidoda kwabesilisa. Kodwa manje kunezixazululo zalokhu futhi. Amadoda angalondoloza isidoda sabo kanti abesifazane bangalondoloza amaqanda abo (ukuqandisa isidoda/iqanda) ngaphambi kokwelashwa. Kubalulekile ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho ngalokhu kusenesikhathi futhi uthole iseluleko.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, okulandelayo kungenzeka ngokushesha ngemva kokufakelwa:
- Ubuhlungu bomlomo noma bomphimbo
- Isicanucanu nokuhlanza
- Ukopha noma ukudumba
- Ukuvuvukala kwamaphaphu
Kuthatha cishe amasonto amabili kuya kwayisithupha ukuthi la maseli okuqala ahambe aye emnkantsheni wamathambo, aqale ukusebenza, futhi abuyisele inani lamaseli egazini lakho esimweni esijwayelekile. Ithimba lezokwelapha lizokuqapha kakhulu phakathi nalesi sikhathi. Ngakho-ke akukho okufanele ukhathazeke ngakho.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ukufakelwa kwe-stem cell kuyindlela yokwelapha engayelapha ngokuphelele i-beta thalassemia, kodwa ayifanele wonke umuntu.
- Lokhu kuhilela ukufaka esikhundleni amaseli omnkantsha agulayo ngamaseli okuqala atholwe kumnikeli onempilo.
- Umnikeli ofaneleka kakhulu umfowabo noma udadewabo wesiguli, kodwa nabanye abanikeli bangatholakala.
- Ngenxa yokuthi kunezingozi nemiphumela emibi, kubalulekile ukuxoxa ngazo zonke izici nodokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuthatha isinqumo ngalolu hlobo lokwelashwa.
- Lezi zindlela zokwelapha ziyathuthuka njalo, ngakho-ke hlala unethemba ngekusasa.
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