Njengoba ubheka ingane yakho esanda kuzalwa, wake waphawula ukuthi umzimba wayo uphuzi kancane? Ngokuvamile, izingane eziningi ezisanda kuzalwa zithola i-jaundice encane esontweni lokuqala noma amabili, evame ukuphela ngemva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa. Kodwa wake wazibuza ngombala wendle yengane yakho? Ngezinye izikhathi ibukeka iphaphathekile noma ingwevu? Uma ubona zombili lezi zinto ndawonye, ungakhohliswa ucabange ukuthi kuyinto evamile. Ngoba kungaba uphawu lwesimo esibi esibizwa ngokuthi i-Biliary Atresia, esikhuluma ngaso namuhla.
Kalula nje, iyini i-Biliary Atresia?
Cabanga ngesibindi emzimbeni wethu njengefektri encane. Le fektri ikhiqiza uketshezi olubizwa ngokuthi "i-bile" njengomkhiqizo ongcolile. Le nyongo ihamba isuka esibindini ngesistimu encane kakhulu yamapayipi (imisele yenyongo) bese iphelela emathunjini ethu amancane. Inyongo inemisebenzi emibili eyinhloko. Omunye ukusiza ukususa imfucuza engafuneki emzimbeni. Omunye ukusiza ukugaya ukudla esikudlayo, ikakhulukazi amafutha, nokumunca izakhamzimba umzimba wethu ozidingayo.
I-Biliary Atresia yisimo lapho ipayipi elithambile elithwala inyongo livalekile noma lingakheki kahle lapho lizalwa. Lokhu kusho ukuthi inyongo ekhiqizwa esibindini ayinandlela yokuphuma, kunalokho inamathela esibindini. Lokhu kufana nokuvimba yonke imizila yokulahla udoti edolobheni. Yonke inyongo iqoqana ngaphakathi edolobheni, futhi lonke idolobha liyabhujiswa. Lapho inyongo inamathela esibindini, iqala ukulimaza kakhulu isibindi.
Lesi yisimo esibi kakhulu esithinta izingane ezincane ezinyangeni zazo zokuqala. Uma singelashwa ngokushesha, singabangela ukulimala okukhulu kwesibindi ngisho nokwehluleka kwesibindi.
Kodwa ungakhathazeki. Isayensi yezokwelapha isithuthuke kakhulu manje. Uma lesi simo sitholakala kusenesikhathi, ukuhlinzwa kungadala indlela entsha yokugeleza kwenyongo. Yingakho kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela lezi zimpawu.
Yiziphi izimpawu eziyinhloko ze-Biliary Atresia?
Lezi zimpawu zivame ukuqala ukuvela zingakapheli amasonto ambalwa umntwana ezelwe. Njengabazali, kufanele nikuqaphele lokhu.
| Isibonakaliso | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Ukuphuzi kwesikhumba namehlo (i-Jaundice) | Lolu uphawu oluyinhloko nolokuqala. Isikhumba somntwana kanye namehlo amhlophe aphenduka aphuzi. Nakuba i-jaundice iyinto evamile ezinganeni ezisanda kuzalwa, iyisibonakaliso esiyisixwayiso uma ihlala isikhathi esingaphezu kwamasonto amabili. |
| Indle ephuzi | Lokhu futhi kuyisibonakaliso esibaluleke kakhulu. Indle ngokuvamile iba nombala ophuzi, onsundu, noma oluhlaza ngenxa yendle. Ngenxa yokuthi indle ayifinyeleli emathunjini, indle yomntwana inombala ophuzi okhanyayo, ompunga, noma ofana nobumba. Odokotela babiza lezi ngokuthi "indle ye-acholic." |
| Umchamo omnyama | Njengoba inyongo, eqongelela esibindini, ingena egazini bese ihlungwa ngezinso, umchamo womntwana uba nombala ophuzi omnyama noma o-orenji. |
Ezinye izimpawu ezibonakala ngokuhamba kwesikhathi
Ngesikhathi ingane yakho isineminyaka engaba amasonto ayi-6 kuya kwayi-10 ubudala, lezi zimpawu zingase zivele:
- Isikhumba esilumayo: Ukuqongelela kwenyongo emzimbeni kungabangela ukulunywa okukhulu kwesikhumba.
- Ukukhala njalo nokucasuka: Ngenxa yokungakhululeki ngokomzimba, ingane ingase icasuke futhi ikhale njalo.
- Ukwehluleka ukukhula: Ngaphandle kwenyongo, ukudla akugaywa kahle, ngakho umzimba awumunci izakhamzimba. Ngenxa yalokho, umntwana akakhuluphali kahle.
- Ukuvuvukala kwesisu: Isibindi siyalimala futhi isisu siqala ukugcwala uketshezi, okubangela ukuba isisu siphume futhi sivuvuke.
Kungani kwenzeka i-Biliary Atresia?
Abazali abaningi banemibuzo efana nokuthi, "Kungani lokhu kwenzeke enganeni yethu?" "Ingabe kukhona esikwenzile okungalungile?" Abacwaningi abakaqiniseki ngokuphelele ukuthi yini ebangela lokhu.
Kodwa-ke, umqondo oyinhloko ukuthi lesi simo sibangelwa ukuguquka kwezakhi zofuzo okwenzeka ngesikhathi kwakheka imisele yenyongo ngesikhathi umntwana esakhula esibelethweni sikanina. Into ebalulekile ukuthi lokhu akuyona into ezuzwe njengefa kubazali enganeni. Futhi, lesi simo asibangelwa yinoma yini oyenzile noma oyishilo ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Ngakho-ke ungakhathazeki ngakho noma uzisole.
Yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona uma zingelashwa?
I-Biliary atresia yisimo esidinga ukwelashwa ngokushesha. Ukulibazisa ukwelashwa kungaholela ezinkingeni ezinkulu.
- Ukulimala kwesibindi okungapheli (i-Cirrhosis):Ukugcinwa kwenyongo okuqhubekayo kubangela ukuthi amangqamuzana esibindi afe, isibindi silimale, bese sifana netshe. Lokhu kungaholela ekulahlekelweni ngokuphelele kokusebenza kwesibindi.
- Umfutho wegazi ophezulu we-Portal: Uma isibindi silimele, ukugeleza kwegazi kuso kuyavaleka, okubangela umfutho wegazi ophezulu emithanjeni ethwala igazi liye esibindini.
- Ama-Ascites: Amanzi aqala ukuqongelela emgodini wesisu ngenxa yokwehluleka kwesibindi kanye nomfutho wegazi ophezulu we-portal.
- I-Hepatomegaly: Isibindi siyavuvukala futhi sikhule ngenxa yokuqongelela kwenyongo kanye nokulimala.
- Ama-Varice Esophageal: Umfutho wegazi ophezulu we-portal ungabangela ukuthi imithambo ese-esophagus ivuvuke futhi iqhume. Lokhu kungabangela ukopha okukhulu kwangaphakathi okungaba yingozi empilweni.
Konke lokhu kungaholela ekuhlulekeni kwesibindi. Kodwa-ke, uma ubona izimpawu kusenesikhathi, ubonane nodokotela, bese uqala ukwelashwa, eziningi zalezi zinkinga zingavinjelwa.
Ungasithola kanjani lesi sifo? (Ukuxilongwa)
Uma ingane yakho ine-jaundice isikhathi esingaphezu kwamasonto amabili, noma uma usola ukuthi indle yayo iphaphathekile, bona udokotela wezingane ngokushesha. Udokotela uzoqala ahlole ingane yakho.
- Ukuhlola ukuthi isikhumba namehlo aphuzi yini.
- Bazohlola ngesandla ukuze babone ukuthi isisu sivuvukile noma isibindi sikhulile.
Ngemva kwalokho, kuhlelwa ukuhlolwa okuningana ukuqinisekisa lesi sifo.
| Ukuhlolwa | Kuchazwe kalula |
|---|---|
| Ukuhlolwa Kwegazi | Lezi zivivinyo zenziwa ukuhlola ukusebenza kwesibindi, inani le-bilirubin egazini (imbangela ye-jaundice), kanye nokuthi isibindi sonakele yini. |
| Ukuskena kwe-ultrasound yesisu | Lokhu kusiza ukubona isimo sesibindi, i-gallbladder, kanye ne-bile ducts ngaphandle. |
| Ukuhlolwa kokuskena kwe-HIDA | Lokhu ukuskena okukhethekile. Lapha, kufakwa uketshezi olukhethekile (i-tracer) emzimbeni bese kusetshenziswa ikhamera ukuqapha ukuthi luhamba kanjani nenyongo evela esibindini. Uma inyongo ingangeni emathunjini, ingaqinisekisa ukuthi umsele wenyongo uvaliwe. |
| Ukuhlolwa kwesibindi (ukuhlolwa kwengxenye encane yesibindi) | Uma kudingeka, kuthathwa ingcezu encane kakhulu yezicubu esibindini kusetshenziswa inaliti encane kakhulu bese ihlolwa ngaphansi kwe-microscope. Lokhu kungasiza ekunqumeni ukuthi kukhona yini izinguquko ezithile emangqamuzaneni esibindi ezihlobene ne-biliary atresia. |
| I-Cholangiogram Yesikhathi Sokuhlinzwa | Lokhu ukuhlolwa okwenziwa ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa. Udokotela ohlinzayo ufaka idayi ekhethekile enyongweni bese eyibheka nge-X-ray. Uma idayi ingadluleli emathunjini, kuqinisekile ukuthi i-bile duct ivaliwe. Uma kunjalo, ukwelashwa kwenziwa ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa. |
Indlela yokwelapha: Inqubo yaseKasai
Ukwelashwa okuyinhloko nokuwumugqa wokuqala kwe-Biliary Atresia yi -Kasai Procedure . Lesi akusona isifo esingelapheka ngemithi.
Kalula nje, kulokhu kuhlinzwa, udokotela ohlinzayo ususa umsele wenyongo ovalekile, athathe ingxenye encane yamathumbu amancane engane, bese eyixhuma ngqo esibindini. Lokhu kufana nokususa umgwaqo ophukile bese kudala 'indlela yokudlula' entsha sha endaweni yawo. Ngale ndlela entsha, inyongo ekhiqizwa esibindini iqala ukugeleza ngqo emathunjini.
Uma lokhu kuhlinzwa kwenziwa ngokushesha, imiphumela iba yimpumelelo kakhulu. Ikakhulukazi uma lokhu kuhlinzwa kungenziwa ngaphambi kokuba umntwana abe nezinyanga ezintathu ubudala , futhi uma kungenzeka phakathi nenyanga yokuqala, amathuba okunciphisa umonakalo esibindini nokuthola imiphumela ephumelelayo aphezulu kakhulu.
Ngemva kokuhlinzwa, i-jaundice yengane iyaphela kancane kancane, umbala wendle ubuyela esimweni esijwayelekile, futhi isisindo sengane siqala ukwanda njengoba ukugaya ukudla kuthuthuka.
Kodwa, ingabe ukuhlinzwa eKasai kuyikhambi elihlala njalo?
Ezimweni eziningi, ukuhlinzwa kweKasai akusona ikhambi lempilo yonke. Ngoba kungenzeka ukuthi sekuvele kukhona umonakalo esibindini ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa. Lowo monakalo unganda kancane kancane ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Izingane eziningi ezike zahlinzwa eKasai zizodinga ukufakelwa isibindi ebuntwaneni noma ebusheni. Kodwa lokhu akuyona into okufanele yesatshwe. Namuhla, ukufakelwa isibindi kuyaphumelela kakhulu. Ngale ndlela, ingane inethuba lokuphila impilo enempilo nehlala isikhathi eside.
Nina, njengabazali, nimnakekela kanjani umntwana wenu?
Uma uthola ukuthi ingane yakho ine-Biliary Atresia, kungaba sengathi umhlaba wakho wonke uyashintshashintsha. Yisikhathi esinzima kakhulu. Kodwa awuwedwa. Ithimba lezokwelapha lizokuchazela konke futhi likusize.
- Ukudla Okukhethekile: Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ingane ithola ukudla okunempilo okufanele, udokotela uzonikeza amafomula akhethekile, amavithamini, kanye nezinye izithako zokudla ezengeziwe.
- Ukuqashwa kwezokwelapha kwesikhathi eside: Ingane kumele iyiswe emtholampilo ngezinsuku ezihleliwe. Udokotela uzohlola njalo ukukhula kwengane kanye nokusebenza kwesibindi.
- Izimpawu okufanele uziqaphele ngemva kokuhlinzwa: Uma uletha ingane yakho ekhaya ngemva kokuhlinzwa kokubeletha, qaphela lezi zimpawu.
- Imfiva
- Uma umzimba uphenduka ophuzi futhi (i-jaundice)
- Uma indle iphinda iphaphathekile noma umchamo uba mnyama
Uma ubona into efana nale, shayela udokotela wakho ngokushesha.
- Cabanga ngawe futhi: Uzozizwa ukhathele kakhulu ngokwengqondo nangokomzimba ngakho konke lokhu. Cela usizo emndenini nakubangane. Zinike isikhathi sokuphumula nokulala. Futhi, ukukhuluma nabanye abazali abanengane kuzoba umthombo omkhulu wamandla kuwe.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Uma i-jaundice (ukuphuzi) komntwana osanda kuzalwa ihlala isikhathi esingaphezu kwamasonto amabili , ungakubheki njengokujwayelekile.
- Uma indle yengane yakho inombala ophuzi, ompunga, noma ofana nobumba , kuyisibonakaliso esibi kakhulu.
- Uma ubona uphawu olulodwa noma zombili ezingenhla, ungalibali bese ubona udokotela wezingane ngokushesha.
- Endabeni ye-Biliary Atresia, ukuxilongwa kusenesikhathi kanye nokudluliselwa ngokushesha ukuze uyohlinzwa (i-Kasai Procedure) kubaluleke kakhulu ekusaseni lengane.
- Lesi simo asibangelwa yiphutha lakho. Akusona isifo esidluliselwa kubazali kubantwana.
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