Ingabe wena noma othile omaziyo wake wadinga ukunikela ngegazi? Mhlawumbe ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa okukhulu noma esimweni esiphuthumayo, kufanele sinikele ngegazi. Lokhu yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi i-Blood Transfusion. Nakuba kungase kubonakale kuyesabeka kancane ekuqaleni, lokhu kuyinto ebaluleke kakhulu eyenziwayo ukusindisa izimpilo. Ngakho-ke ake sifunde konke ngakho namuhla.
Kwenzekani ngaphambi kokunikela ngegazi?
Uma unquma ukunikela ngegazi, odokotela nabahlengikazi bazoqala ngokuthatha igazi kuwe bese bethola ukuthi liyini ngempela uhlobo lwegazi lakho. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu. Ngoba ufuna ukunikeza uhlobo lwegazi oluhambisana kakhulu nawe. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi, uma udinga ukunikela ngegazi ngokushesha, njengasesimweni esiphuthumayo, kunezikhathi lapho kusetshenziswa uhlobo lwegazi oluthi "O negative", olunganikezwa wonke umuntu.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, uzocelwa ukuthi unikeze imvume yakho enolwazi ngaphambi kokuthola lokhu kwelashwa. Lokhu kusho ukuthi kuzodingeka usayine idokhumenti echaza ukuthi kuzokwenzekani, izinzuzo, izingozi, kanye nezinye izindlela. Kodwa cabanga, esimweni esifana nomuntu oqulekile ngemva kwengozi, ayikho indlela yokuthola le mvume. Esimweni esinjalo, abasebenzi bezokwelapha bazozama ukuxhumana nesihlobo sakho esiseduze.
Kwenzekani uma unikela ngegazi?
Inqubo yokunikela ngegazi iyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu. Lezi yizinyathelo ezivame ukwenzeka.
| Izinyathelo | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| 1. Ukuhlolwa kwesisindo | Isisindo sakho silinganiswa ukuze kutholakale ukuthi umzimba wakho udinga igazi elingakanani. |
| 2. Ukuhlola Izimpawu Ezibalulekile | Izinga lakho lokushisa, izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo, kanye nomfutho wegazi kuzohlolwa. Lokhu kuzohlolwa izikhathi eziningana ngesikhathi sokunikela ngegazi. |
| 3. Ukubeka Umugqa We-IV Engalweni | Ithubhu elincane lizofakwa emthanjeni ongalweni yakho. Leli thubhu lizoxhuma esikhwameni segazi. Ungase uzizwe ubuhlungu obuncane lapho ithubhu lifakwa. Ngezinye izikhathi, uma usuvele une-catheter ephakathi yemithambo yegazi emthanjeni omkhulu ukuze uthole olunye ukwelashwa, ungase unikezwe igazi ngalo. |
| 4. Ukuqala ukunikela ngegazi | Okokuqala, igazi linikezwa kancane kakhulu. Lokhu kwenzelwa ukubona ukuthi liyawufanela yini umzimba wakho nokuthi kukhona yini izinkinga. Ngalesi sikhathi, umhlengikazi uzokubuza ukuthi unomkhuhlane, ukubanda, noma ubunzima bokuphefumula. Uma konke kuhamba kahle, ukugeleza kwegazi kuzokwanda kancane. |
| 5. Qhubeka nokuqapha | Izimpawu zakho ezibalulekile zizohlolwa futhi ngenkathi unikela ngegazi. Uzobuzwa njalo ukuthi uzizwa kanjani. Uma usabela kabi, ukumpontshelwa igazi kuzomiswa ngokushesha futhi kwelashwe. |
| 6. Ukuphela ngegazi | Uma isikhwama segazi sesiqediwe, ipayipi elisesandleni sakho liyasuswa. Ngemva kwalokho, izimpawu zakho zokuphila ziyahlolwa bese ubuzwa ukuthi uzizwa kanjani. |
Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani lokhu?
Isikhathi esithathayo ukuze lokhu kwenzeke siyahlukahluka kuye ngohlobo lwegazi elinikelwayo.
- Uma unikela ngamaseli abomvu egazi noma igazi eliphelele, ngokuvamile kuthatha amahora amabili kuya kwamane .
- Uma unikeza okuthile okufana ne-plasma noma ama-platelet, kushesha nakakhulu. Kungathatha cishe ihora .
Wenzani uma usuqedile ukunikela ngegazi?
Ngemva kokunikela ngegazi, udokotela uzokuchazela ukuthi wenzeni uma une-allergies noma ezinye izinkinga. Uma ungadingi olunye ukwelashwa, uzokwazi ukuya ekhaya ngokushesha ngemva kwalokho. Uzokwaziswa ukuthi uphumule amahora angu-48 alandelayo .
Ingalo lapho kufakwe khona ipayipi ingase ibe buhlungu kancane. Ukuyifaka emanzini abandayo nokugcina ingalo yakho iphakeme isikhashana kungasiza.
Yiziphi izinzuzo zokunikela ngegazi?
Kalula nje, ukunikela ngegazi kungasindisa ukuphila.
Uma ulahlekelwe igazi eliningi ngenxa yokuhlinzwa okukhulu noma ingozi enkulu, ukunikela ngegazi kungasindisa impilo yakho. Liphinde lisetshenziswe njengokwelapha izifo ezithile zegazi kanye nezinhlobo eziningana zomdlavuza.
Ziyini izingozi zokunikela ngegazi?
Ukunikela ngegazi ngokuvamile kuyindlela ephephile kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, njenganoma iyiphi inqubo yezokwelapha, kunezingozi ezithile. Kodwa khumbula, udokotela wakho uzoncoma kuphela ukuthi unikele ngegazi uma izinzuzo zidlula kakhulu izingozi.
Lezi ezinye zezingozi ezingaba khona.
| Ingozi | Kwenzekani ngalokhu? |
|---|---|
| Ukusabela Kokungezwani Nomzimba | Amasosha omzimba wakho angase asabele kwezinye zezinto ezisegazini ozithola ngaphandle. Ungase ube nezimpawu ezincane njengokulunywa kwesikhumba kanye nokuqunjelwa. Akuvamile ukuthi ube nokusabela okukhulu kokungezwani komzimba njengobunzima bokuphefumula, ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo, kanye nokuhlanza. |
| Ukuzivikela komzimba | Lokhu kungenzeka kubantu abathola igazi njalo. Isikhathi ngasinye lapho uthola igazi, umzimba wakho uqala ukwenza ama-antibodies ngokumelene negazi elisha. Njengoba la ma-antibodies ekhula, kuba nzima ukuthola igazi elifanelana nawe esikhathini esizayo. |
| Imfiva | Umkhuhlane kanye nokubanda kungenzeka njengoba ama-antibodies akho esabela kumaseli amhlophe egazi egazini elisha. Uma umkhuhlane wakho uhambisana nobuhlungu besifuba kanye nesicanucanu, kungaba uphawu lwesimo esibucayi. |
| Ukusabela Kokumpontshelwa Kwe-Hemolytic | Lokhu akuvamile, kodwa kubi kakhulu. Lokhu kungenzeka uma uhlobo lwegazi lakho kanye nohlobo lwegazi olitholayo kungafani ncamashi. Yilapho amasosha omzimba wakho eqala ukubhubhisa amangqamuzana egazi abomvu emzimbeni wakho. Izimpawu zifaka phakathi ubuhlungu besifuba, umkhuhlane, ukubanda, umchamo omnyama, kanye nobuhlungu bomhlane. |
| I-Purpura yangemva kokumpontshelwa | Yilapho ama-antibodies akhiqizwa emzimbeni wakho ebhubhisa khona ama-platelet egazini lakho. Lokhu kungabangela ukopha ngokweqile. Izimpawu ezifana nokulunywa kwesikhumba, ukopha kwezinsini, kanye nokopha ekhaleni zingavela ezinsukwini ezi-5-12 ngemva kokunikela ngegazi. |
| Ukwanda Kokujikeleza Kwegazi | Lokhu kungenzeka kubantu abanesifo senhliziyo noma sezinso. Lesi simo senzeka lapho umzimba ungakwazi ukusingatha uketshezi oluthe xaxa oluvela ekunikeleni ngegazi. Ubunzima bokuphefumula nokukhwehlela yizimpawu eziyinhloko. |
| Ukutheleleka okubangelwa igazi | Lokhu akuvamile kakhulu manje, ngoba isikhwama ngasinye segazi elinikelwe sihlolwa ngokucophelela izifo ezahlukahlukene (njenge-HIV kanye ne-hepatitis). |
Uma unalezi zimpawu, shayela udokotela wakho ngokushesha.
Ukusabela ekunikeleni ngegazi kungenzeka ngesikhathi sokunikela, ngosuku olulandelayo, noma ngisho nangemva kwezinyanga. Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezilandelayo, tshela udokotela wakho ngokushesha.
- Ukopha, ubuhlungu, noma ukushaqeka okusha endaweni yokufaka ithubhu
- Isikhumba esibandayo, umkhuhlane, noma ukubanda
- Umchamo omnyama noma obomvu
- Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo, ubuhlungu besifuba, ubunzima bokuphefumula
- Ikhanda elibuhlungu noma isiyezi
- Isicanucanu noma ukuhlanza
- Ukuqubuka kwesikhumba, ukulunywa
- Ubuhlungu obukhulu emhlane
- Ukuvuvukala kwezindebe, ulimi, noma ubuso
Ngingala yini ukukhishelwa igazi?
Yebo. Njenganoma yikuphi ukwelashwa kwezokwelapha, unelungelo lokwenqaba igazi. Esimweni esinjalo, udokotela uzokubuza ukuthi kungani. Uzokuchazela nokuthi kungani encoma lokhu kwelashwa nokuthi yini engenzeka uma ungakwenzi. Leli yithuba elihle lokuthi unqobe ukwesaba nokungabaza kwakho, ubuze imibuzo, futhi uzizwe uqiniseka ngesinqumo sakho.
Igazi liyinto ebalulekile empilweni yethu. Ukunikela ngegazi kuyindlela yokwelapha ebalulekile engasindisa impilo yomunye umuntu. Ngakho-ke, ungabi nemibuzo noma ukungabaza ngalokhu. Buza udokotela wakho noma yini bese uthola. Khona-ke uzobe usuyiqonda kahle le nqubo futhi uzizwe ukhululekile.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ukumpontshelwa igazi kuyindlela yokwelapha ebaluleke kakhulu esetshenziselwa ukusindisa izimpilo ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa, izingozi, kanye nezimo ezithile zezokwelapha.
- Abasebenzi bezokwelapha bazokuqapha ngokucophelela kulo lonke lolu hlelo.
- Nakuba kungase kube nezingozi ezincane, azivamile kakhulu, futhi odokotela batusa lokhu kuphela uma izinzuzo zokwelashwa zidlula kakhulu izingozi.
- Ngemva kokunikela ngegazi, uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezingavamile (njengomkhuhlane, ukuqubuka, ubunzima bokuphefumula), kubaluleke kakhulu ukwazisa udokotela wakho ngokushesha.
- Uma unokungabaza noma imibuzo ngalokhu, ungalokothi unqikaze ukuxoxa ngakho nodokotela wakho.
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