Ingabe ingane yakho yenza umsindo ongajwayelekile lapho iphefumula? Noma wake wazizwa sengathi inenkinga yokuphefumula? Ngezinye izikhathi, kungaba nesimo ngemuva kwalezi zinto esidinga ukunakwa. Esinye isimo esinjalo esizokhuluma ngaso namuhla yi-Bronchomalacia. Igama lingase lizwakale njengento enkulu, kodwa masiyigcine ilula.

Kuyini lokhu (i-Bronchomalacia)? Kalula nje...

Cabanga nje, ngaphakathi kwamaphaphu ethu, sinesimiso samapayipi amakhulu adonsa umoya wethu ngaphakathi nangaphandle. Sibiza la mapayipi ngokuthi i-bronchi . Asakazeke njengamagatsha esihlahla. Manje, la ma-bronchi awawona nje amapayipi. Azungeze wona, kunezindandatho ze-cartilage eziqine kancane, njengokwakheka kohlamvu 'C' . Lawa afana nekheji elivikela i-bronchi futhi lisize ukuyigcina ivulekile. Uma siphefumula, lapho amaphaphu ethu evuvukala futhi ekhipha umoya, la ma-bronchi kudingeka avulwe futhi avalwe kahle.

I-Bronchomalacia yilapho lezo zingxenye ze-cartilage zingaqinile ngokwanele, ziba buthakathaka. Kwenzekani-ke? Ngenxa yokuthi amandla alezi zingxenye ze-cartilage awanele, ikakhulukazi uma sikhipha umoya (ukukhipha umoya), imigudu yomoya ayivuli kahle futhi ibe mincane. Njengoba nje uma uqinisa ipayipi lamanzi, kuba nzima ukuthi amanzi ageleze, futhi ukuphefumula nakho kuba nzima.

Sivame kangakanani lesi simo? Ubani onamathuba amaningi okuba naso?

I-Bronchomalacia yisimo esivame kakhulu ezinsaneni ezisanda kuzalwa. Sivame kakhulu ezinsaneni ezizalwe ngaphambi kwesikhathi kanye nasezinsaneni ezinezinkinga ezithile zokuzalwa, njenge-Down syndrome. Kodwa-ke, singavela nasezinganeni ezindala kanye nabantu abadala, nakuba singavamile.

Yimiphi imiphumela engaba nayo i-Bronchomalacia enganeni?

Uma i-cartilage emigudwini yomoya iba buthaka, iba mncane futhi ingavuli kahle, okungavimba indlela yomoya. Lokhu kwenza kube nzima ngengane ukuphefumula futhi kuvimbele umzimba ekutholeni umoya-mpilo oyidingayo. Ngezinye izikhathi, uma lesi simo siba sibi kakhulu, singasongela impilo. Ngakho-ke kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela lokhu.

Iyini i-Tracheobronchomalacia (TBM)?

Ngokuvamile, abanye abantu abane-(Bronchomalacia), okuyisimo lapho i-cartilage ku-trachea ibuthakathaka, bangase babe nesinye isimo esifanayo. Leso yi-(Tracheomalacia). (Trachea) yi-windpipe yethu eyinhloko, okuyipayipi elikhulu kunawo wonke elithwala umoya emaphashini. (Tracheomalacia) iwukuba buthaka kwezindonga zalowo mbhobho oyinhloko. Uma zombili lezi zimo, (Bronchomalacia) kanye (Tracheomalacia), zikhona ndawonye, ​​sibiza ngokuthi (Tracheobronchomalacia - TBM) .

Njenge-bronchomalacia, i-tracheomalacia ingadala nezinkinga zokuphefumula futhi ivame kakhulu ezinganeni ezisanda kuzalwa. I-Tracheomalacia ngezinye izikhathi ingahlotshaniswa ne-esophageal atresia, ukukhubazeka okungavamile kokuzalwa lapho ipayipi lokudla elisuka emphinjeni liye esiswini lincipha khona.

Yiziphi izimbangela ze-(Bronchomalacia)?

I-Bronchomalacia ezinsaneni ezisanda kuzalwa ibizwa ngokuthi i-primary bronchomalacia . Ibangelwa kakhulu yi:

• (Isifo senhliziyo esizalwa naso): Lokhu kusho izimo zenhliziyo ezikhona lapho umuntu ezalwa.
• Ukuzalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi kungabangela ukuthi uqwanga emaphashini lungakhuli kahle: Uma umntwana ezalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi, lezi zingxenye zoqwanga emaphashini kungenzeka zingakakhuli ngokugcwele.
• (I-Williams-Campbell syndrome): Lesi futhi yisimo sokuzalwa, esihambisana nofuzo. Sibangela ukuba uqwanga olusezindleleni zomoya lube buthaka.

I-Bronchomalacia ekhula kamuva ekuphileni ngemva kokuzalwa ibizwa ngokuthi i-secondary bronchomalacia . Ingabangelwa yi:

• Ukulimala esifubeni noma izingozi: Uma isifuba sonakele kakhulu, njengasengozini.
• I-bronchitis engapheli: Ukuvuvukala kwesikhathi eside kwe-bronchi, okuyisimo lapho amapayipi e-bronchial evuvukala khona ngokukhwehlela okuqhubekayo.
• I-Emphysema: Lokhu kwenzeka lapho amasaka amancane omoya (i-alveoli) emaphashini ewohloka futhi elahlekelwa ukunwebeka kwawo.
• Ukwelashwa kwesikhathi eside (i-ventilator): Uma uxhunywe emishinini yokusekela ukuphefumula yokwenziwa isikhathi eside.
• (Isifo Sofuba - Isifo Sofuba): Isifo Sofuba.
• Izimila ezinomdlavuza noma ezingezona umdlavuza emaphashini: Lezi zimila zingabangela ukuvaleka komoya.

Ziyini izimpawu zalesi simo (i-Bronchomalacia)?

Uma wena noma ingane yakho ninalesi simo (i-Bronchomalacia), ningase nibe nezinye zalezi zimpawu:

• Ukukhwehlela okukhonkothayo okungenamhluzi: Ukukhwehlela okuzwakala sengathi inja ikhonkotha futhi kukhiqiza umhluzi omncane.
• I-Cyanosis: Ukushintsha kombala wesikhumba okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ikakhulukazi izindebe, ulimi, kanye neminwe. Lokhu kubonisa ukuthi umzimba awutholi umoya-mpilo owanele.
• Ukuzizwa ukhathele ngaso sonke isikhathi (Ukukhathala): Ukukhathala ngokushesha ngisho nangemva kokwenza umsebenzi omncane.
• Ukutheleleka okuvamile: Umkhuhlane, umkhuhlane, kanye nokutheleleka kwamaphaphu (njenge-pneumonia) kungase kwenzeke njalo.
• Ukuphelelwa umoya: Umuzwa wobunzima noma ukuminyana lapho uphefumula.
• I-Stridor: Umsindo oqinile, odlidlizayo ovela emphinjeni lapho uphefumula, ikakhulukazi lapho uphefumula. Abanye abantu babiza lokhu ngokuthi "umsindo wokukhala."
• Ukuphefumula: Umsindo wokukhala kwekhwela, umsindo ophuma esifubeni lapho uphefumula.

Ingabe i-Bronchomalacia iyathelelana?

Cha,I-Bronchomalacia ayisona isifo esithelelanayo. Awukwazi ukusithola komunye umuntu , futhi awukwazi ukusithola komunye umuntu. Asibangelwa yizifo ezithelelanayo njengomkhuhlane ovamile noma umkhuhlane (flu).

I-Bronchomalacia itholakala kanjani?

Uma wena noma ingane yakho nibona udokotela, uzoqala ngokukuhlola ngokomzimba futhi alalele amaphaphu akho. Uzolalela imisindo oyenzayo lapho uphefumula kanye nezinye izimpawu esifubeni sakho. Ngemuva kwalokho, uma kudingeka, uzoncoma ezinye izivivinyo.

Yiziphi izivivinyo zokuxilonga?

Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zokuhlolwa kwezithombe ezingabheka ngaphakathi kwamaphaphu. Wena noma ingane yakho kungadingeka ukuthi nenze izivivinyo ezifana nalezi:

• I-Bronchoscopy: Lokhu kuhilela ukufaka ithubhu elincane neliguquguqukayo (i-bronchoscope) ngomlomo noma ekhaleni bese usebenzisa ikhamera encane ekugcineni ukuze ubheke ngqo emigudwini yomoya. Lokhu kuvumela umbono ocacile we-cartilage.
• (I-CT scan - I-Computed Tomography scan): Lokhu kungaveza izithombe ezinemininingwane enezinhlangothi ezintathu, njengezingxenye zamaphaphu nesifuba.
• (I-MRI - I-Magnetic Resonance Imaging): Lokhu okunye ukuhlolwa okuthatha izithombe ezinemininingwane zezingxenye zangaphakathi zomzimba.
• (i-X-ray): I-X-ray yesifuba inganikeza umbono ngesimo esijwayelekile samaphaphu.

Iphathwa kanjani i-Bronchomalacia?

Uma isimo somntwana osanda kuzalwa (i-Bronchomalacia) singesibi kakhulu, singase singadingi ukwelashwa okukhethekile. Udokotela uzotshela umntwana ukuthi eze emtholampilo njalo ukuze ahlolwe . Ezimweni eziningi, lesi simo sizoba ngcono ngokwaso lapho umntwana esenezinyanga ezi-6 ubudala, njengoba amaphaphu ekhula futhi uqwanga luqina.

Kodwa-ke, uma amazinga omoya-mpilo engane yakho ephansi ngenxa ye-bronchomalacia, odokotela bangase batuse ukusebenzisa idivayisi ebizwa ngokuthi i-CPAP (Continuous Positive Airway Pressure) . Lokhu kuhilela ukubeka imaski phezu kwekhala nomlomo wengane yakho bese uyixhuma emshinini. Lo mshini uletha umfutho womoya omnene, oqhubekayo emaskini. Lo mfutho womoya usiza ukugcina izindlela zomoya zivulekile futhi zingenazithiyo. Ingane yakho ingadinga ukusebenzisa le divayisi amasonto amaningana, noma kuze kube yilapho amaphaphu ayo esekhule ngokugcwele.

Uma isimo se-bronchomalacia sibi kakhulu, okusho ukuthi siholela ekuhlulekeni kokuphefumula, ingane ingadinga ukuxhunywa kumshini wokuphefumula ukuze igcine imigudu yokuphefumula ivulekile futhi iphefumule.

Ukwelashwa kwe-Bronchomalacia kubantu abadala kuncike esimweni esiyisisekelo esibangele lokhu. Uma une-emphysema noma i-bronchitis engapheli, kungadingeka ukuthi uthathe imithi yokulawula izimpawu zakho futhi uhlolwe njalo.Umshini we-CPAP, ikakhulukazi osetshenziswa lapho ulele, ungaba usizo nakubantu abadala. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, kungase kudingeke ukwesekwa komoya-mpilo.

Ingabe i-Bronchomalacia ingavinjelwa?

Ayikho indlela ecacile yokuvimbela isimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-bronchomalacia ezinganeni ezisanda kuzalwa. Asibangelwa yinoma yini oyenzile ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Kodwa-ke, uma ukhulelwe, kubalulekile ukuqaphela izimpawu zokubeletha ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Uma unezinye zalezi zimpawu, funa iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha. Lokhu kungasiza ekuvimbeleni ingane yakho ukuthi izalwe ngaphambi kwesikhathi.

I-Bronchomalacia kubantu abadala ivame ukubangelwa yizifo zamaphaphu, ngakho-ke ukunakekela amaphaphu akho kahle kunganciphisa ingozi yakho yokuthola lesi simo. Abantu abadala bangenza okulandelayo ukuze bagcine amaphaphu abo ephilile:

• Gwema ukubhema nokubhema i-vaping. Ukubhema nokubhema i-vaping kwandisa ingozi yakho ye-bronchitis engapheli, i-emphysema, kanye nomdlavuza wamaphaphu. Uma ubhema, khuluma nodokotela ukuze akusize uyeke.
• Hlola ikhaya lakho ukuthi alinayo yini igesi ye-radon. I-Radon iyigesi esingenakuyibona noma esiyihogelayo, kodwa ingabangela umdlavuza wamaphaphu.
• Gqoka imishini yokuzivikela yomuntu siqu (i-PPE). Uma usebenza ngamakhemikhali, umusi, intuthu, noma uthuli, kufanele ugqoke umshini wokuphefumula, okuyi-mask ekhethekile yobuso.

Ingabe i-Bronchomalacia ingalapheka ngokuphelele?

Iningi lezinsana ezine-bronchomalacia ziyalulama ngokugcwele futhi zikhule ziphilile uma uqwanga emaphashini azo selukhule ngokugcwele futhi luqina. Uma lesi simo sibangelwa ukuvaleka, njengesimila, emaphashini, i-bronchomalacia ivame ukuxazululeka uma ukuvaleka sekususiwe.

Kodwa-ke, uma une-bronchitis engapheli noma i-emphysema, kuzodinga ukwelashwa okuqhubekayo nokuphathwa, futhi kungase kungelapheki ngokuphelele. Kodwa-ke, udokotela wakho angakusiza ukuthi uphathe izimpawu zakho futhi uhlale uphilile.

Kufanele ubonane nini nodokotela?

Bona udokotela wakho njalo ukuze uhlolwe impilo yakho njalo. Futhi, khuluma nodokotela wakho nganoma yiziphi izinguquko empilweni yakho. Ikakhulukazi, funa usizo oluphuthumayo ngokushesha uma wena noma ingane yakho ninezinye zezimpawu ezilandelayo:

• Izindebe noma isikhumba esiluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
• Ukuhoxa kwesifuba.
• Isimo sokulahlekelwa ukwazi noma ukungakwazi ukuvuka.
• Ubunzima obukhulu bokuphefumula noma ukuphelelwa umoya.
• Ukuphefumula okuqhubekayo noma i-stridor.

I-Bronchomalacia iyinkinga yokuphefumula evame ukuthinta izinsana ezisanda kuzalwa, ikakhulukazi izingane ezisanda kuzalwa kanye nezinsana ezinamaphaphu angakakhuli ngokugcwele. Ngokwelashwa okuphumelelayo, iningi lezinsana liyalulama futhi likhule kahle. Kwabantu abadala, odokotela belapha isimo esiyisisekelo esibangele lokhu. Banikeza imithi yezimo ezifana ne-emphysema noma i-bronchitis engapheli. Khumbula, uma wena noma othile emndenini wakho enenkinga yokuphefumula, kubalulekile ukukhuluma nodokotela ngakho futhi uthole iseluleko nokwelashwa okufanele.

Umyalezo Ofanele Uwuthathe Ekhaya: Izinto Ezibaluleke Kakhulu Okufanele Uzikhumbule

Kulungile, ngakho-ke, ngamafuphi, nazi izinto okufanele uzikhumbule nge-Bronchomalacia esikhulume ngazo:

• I-Bronchomalacia iwubuthakathaka be-cartilage emigudwini yomoya, okungenza kube nzima ukuphefumula.
• Lokhu kuvame kakhulu ezinganeni ezisanda kuzalwa, ikakhulukazi lezo ezizalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi.
• Ezinganeni, lesi simo sivame ukuzixazulula ngokwaso njengoba amaphaphu azo ekhula. Ukwelashwa okufana ne-CPAP kungadingeka.
• Kwabantu abadala, lokhu kungabangelwa ezinye izifo zamaphaphu, njenge-bronchitis engapheli noma i-emphysema. Uma kunjalo , lesi sifo esiyisisekelo siyalashwa.
• Uma unezimpawu ezifana nobunzima bokuphefumula, imisindo engavamile, noma isikhumba esiluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, bona udokotela ngokushesha.
• Lesi akusona isifo esithathelwanayo.

Ngithemba ukuthi ufundile kulolu lwazi. Hlala uphilile!

Isifuba somoya , i-bronchomalacia, isifo sokuphefumula sabantwana, ubunzima bokuphefumula, ukukhubazeka kwe-cartilage, ukwelashwa kwe-CPAP, izifo zamaphaphu