Kuvamile ukuzizwa wesaba kancane lapho udokotela wakho ekutshela ukuthi i-cholesterol yakho iphezulu kancane egazini lakho. Esikhathini esiningi, into yokuqala abakutshela yona ukulawula ukudla kwakho nokuzivocavoca umzimba, akunjalo? Lokho kusho ukunciphisa amafutha agcwele, ukususa ngokuphelele amafutha e-trans, ukunciphisa ushukela, nokuzivocavoca umzimba nsuku zonke.
Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi, izinguquko zendlela yokuphila zodwa azikwazi ukulawula i-cholesterol 'embi' yomzimba wakho, okungukuthi, amazinga e-cholesterol e-LDL (Low-Density Lipoprotein). Yilapho udokotela wakho angase asikisele ukuthi uqale ukuthatha imithi ukukusiza. Kodwa khumbula, awukwazi ukuyeka leyo mikhuba emihle ngoba nje usuqalile ukuthatha imithi, akunjalo? Udinga ukwenza kokubili. Ake sibone ukuthi iyini le mithi yokwehlisa i-cholesterol.
Ukukhetha kokuqala: Ama-statin
Kalula nje, le yimithi ethandwa kakhulu futhi esetshenziswa kakhulu odokotela abayinikeza i-cholesterol. Isiza ukwehlisa i-cholesterol yakho 'embi' ye-LDL, yehlise olunye uhlobo lwamafutha olubizwa ngokuthi ama-triglycerides, futhi ikhuphule kancane amazinga akho 'amahle' e-cholesterol ye-HDL.
Ucwaningo luthole ukuthi ukusebenzisa ama-statin kunciphisa kakhulu ingozi yezehlakalo zenhliziyo njengokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo.
Nazi ezinye zezidakamizwa ezivame ukunqunywa yi-statins:
- I-Atorvastatin (i-Lipitor)
- I-Rosuvastatin (Crestor)
- I-Simvastatin (i-Zocor)
- I-Fluvastatin (Lescol)
- I-Lovastatin
- I-Pravastatin (i-Pravachol)
Ingabe ama-statin anemiphumela emibi?
Njengayo yonke imithi, lokhu kungabangela imiphumela emibi emincane. Kodwa akuwona wonke umuntu oyitholayo. Okuvame kakhulu ukuphazamiseka kwesisu, ubuhlungu bemisipha, noma ukuvuvukala. Akuvamile kakhulu, ukulimala kwesibindi kungenzeka. Kukhona futhi nengozi encane yokwanda koshukela wegazi kanye nesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2. Kodwa ingozi incane kakhulu, futhi kuthiwa ingozi ayincane uma iqhathaniswa nezinzuzo zama-statin.
Okubaluleke kakhulu: Uma uthatha umuthi we-statin, gwema ngokuphelele ijusi le-grapefruit kanye ne-grapefruit, ngoba kungaphazamisa ukumuncwa komuthi kanye nokusebenza kwawo.
Ezinye izinhlobo zemithi nendlela ezisebenza ngayo
Kuneminye imithi eminingana ngaphandle kwama-statin. Ngezinye izikhathi, udokotela wakho angase anqume ukunikeza enye yale mithi kanye ne-statin, noma esikhundleni somuntu onesifo sokungezwani nama-statin.
| Uhlobo lwesidakamizwa | Ukusebenza kanye nalokho okufanele ukwazi |
|---|---|
| Izidakamizwa ezisebenza emathunjini (Ama-Sequestrant e-Bile Acid) | Lokhu kubopha inyongo emathunjini, kuvimbele ukuthi ingaphinde imuncwe emzimbeni. Njengoba inyongo yenziwe nge-cholesterol, yehlisa inani le-cholesterol emzimbeni. Izibonelo: I-Cholestyramine, i-Colesevelam. Imiphumela emibi: ukuqunjelwa, ukuqunjelwa, ukungakhululeki esiswini. |
| I-Ezetimibe (Zetia) | Lokhu kuvimbela umzimba ekumunceni i-cholesterol ekudleni okusemathunjini amancane futhi kuvame ukunikezwa nama-statin. Imiphumela emibi: ubuhlungu bemisipha noma umhlane, isifo sohudo, ubuhlungu besisu. |
| Ama-PCSK9 Inhibitors | Lezi izidakamizwa ezintsha nezinamandla. Zinikezwa abantu abangakwazi ukulawula i-cholesterol yabo ngokwelashwa okuvamile noma abane-cholesterol ephezulu ngokofuzo (i-familial hypercholesterolemia). Zinikezwa njengomjovo. Izibonelo: I-Alirocumab (Praluent), i-Evolocumab (Repatha). Imiphumela emibi: Izimpawu ezinjengokulunywa, ukuvuvukala, ubuhlungu, kanye nomuzwa wokubanda endaweni yokujova. |
| I-Niacin (i-vitamin B3) | I-vitamin eyehlisa i-LDL futhi inyuse i-HDL. Kodwa-ke, abukho ubufakazi obucacile bokuthi ukunikeza lesi sithasiselo kumuntu othatha ama-statin kunciphisa kakhulu ingozi yesifo senhliziyo. Imiphumela emibi: ukushaqeka, ukulunywa, ikhanda elibuhlungu. |
| Ama-Fibrate | Lokhu kusiza kakhulu ukunciphisa amazinga e-triglyceride nokwandisa i-cholesterol 'enhle' ye-HDL. Izibonelo: I-Fenofibrate, i-Gemfibrozil. |
| I-Omega-3 | Imithi ye -omega-3 enamandla kadokotela ingasiza ekwehliseni ama-triglycerides. Kodwa-ke, izithako zamafutha enhlanzi ezithengiswa ngaphandle kwemithi azikafakazelwa ukuthi zinemiphumela efanayo. Ngakho-ke, ungazisebenzisi ngaphandle kweseluleko sezokwelapha . |
Landela le miyalelo ukuze usebenzise umuthi ngendlela efanele.
Uma usunikezwe umuthi, ukuze uwusebenzise kahle, udinga ukuwusebenzisa njengoba nje udokotela esho. Ngaphandle kwalokho, ngeke uveze imiphumela oyifunayo.
Kwenze kube umkhuba wakho wansuku zonke.
- Yazi kahle ukuthi kungani uthatha lo muthi. Kubalulekile ukuqonda isimo sakho.
- Thatha umuthi wakho ngesikhathi esifanayo nsuku zonke. Kwenze kube umkhuba lokhu. Kungumqondo omuhle ukusetha isikhumbuzi efonini yakho.
- Ungayeki ukuphuza imithi yakho noma ushintshe umthamo ngaphandle kokukhuluma nodokotela wakho. Ngisho noma uzizwa uphilile manje, i-cholesterol iyisitha esingabonakali esingabonakali zimpawu. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuphuza imithi yakho njengoba uyalelwe.
- Sebenzisa ibhokisi lamaphilisi lamasonto onke. Ekuqaleni kwesonto, faka yonke imithi yalelo sonto lapho. Ngaleyo ndlela, ngeke uphuthelwe usuku.
Khuluma nodokotela ngokukhululekile.
- Tshela udokotela wakho nganoma yimiphi eminye imithi, amavithamini, noma imithi ye-Ayurvedic/yendabuko oyithathayo, njengoba ezinye izinto zingase zihlangane nemithi ye-cholesterol.
- Uma izindleko zemithi ziyinkinga, ungabi namahloni okukhuluma nodokotela wakho. Kungase kube nezinye izindlela ezishibhile noma ezinye izixazululo.
- Buza udokotela wakho kusenesikhathi ukuthi wenzeni uma uphuthelwa umthamo wemithi. Qaphela izinto ezinjengokuthi kufanele uwuthathe ngokushesha nje lapho ukhumbula noma ulinde kuze kube umthamo olandelayo ohleliwe.
- Ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa noma ukuhlinzwa kokubulala izinzwa, njengokukhipha izinyo, qiniseka ukuthi utshela udokotela noma udokotela wamazinyo ngemithi oyiphuzayo.
- Buza udokotela wakho mayelana nokuphuza utshwala. Ukuphuza utshwala neminye imithi kungandisa imiphumela emibi noma kwehlise ukusebenza kahle komuthi.
Uma unenkinga yokuqonda okushiwo udokotela wakho, letha umngane omethembayo noma ilungu lomndeni. Izinto zikhunjulwa ngokucacile lapho abantu ababili belalele.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Isinyathelo sokuqala nesibaluleke kakhulu ekulawuleni i-cholesterol ukuhlala udla ukudla okunempilo kanye nendlela yokuphila esebenzayo . Imithi imane nje iwusizo olwengeziwe.
- Nakuba ama-statins ewuhlobo lomuthi olusetshenziswa kakhulu, udokotela wakho kuphela onganquma umuthi ofanele kakhulu kanye nomthamo wakho ngemuva kokuhlola ukuhlolwa kwegazi lakho kanye nesimo sempilo yakho.
- Noma yimuphi umuthi ungaba nemiphumela emibi. Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezingavamile, njengobuhlungu bemisipha, ungesabi futhi wazise udokotela wakho.
- Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuphuza imithi yakho njengoba nje uyalelwe, ngesikhathi esifanele, nangesilinganiso esifanele. Gwema ukuyeka imithi yakho noma ukushintsha isilinganiso ngaphandle kokubonisana nodokotela wakho.
- Kungukuphepha kwakho ukunikeza udokotela wakho incazelo ephelele yayo yonke imithi, amavithamini, kanye nezithasiselo ozithathayo.
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