Uma udokotela wakho ekutshela ukuthi izinga le-cholesterol egazini lakho liphezulu, into yokuqala okufanele uyenze ukushintsha ukudla kwakho nendlela yakho yokuphila. Lokho kusho ukunciphisa amafutha agcwele, ukususa ngokuphelele amafutha e-trans, ukunciphisa ushukela, nokuzivocavoca njalo. Uma wenza lezi zinto, kodwa i-cholesterol yakho "embi", noma i-LDL cholesterol , ingase yehle njengoba udinga, udokotela wakho cishe uzokutshela ukuthi uqale ukuthatha imithi. Kodwa khumbula, noma ngabe uthatha imithi, kusadingeka uqhubeke nemikhuba emihle oyishilo ngaphambilini.
Manje ake sibheke ukuthi odokotela banikeza miphi imithi yokwehlisa i-cholesterol ye-LDL nokuthi isebenza kanjani.
Izinhlobo eziyinhloko zemithi yokwehlisa i-cholesterol
Kunezinhlobo eziningana zemithi engasetshenziswa ukwehlisa i-cholesterol. Ake sixoxe ngayo ngayinye ngokwehlukana.
Ama-statin
Lena imithi yokuqala odokotela abangase bayinike abantu abane-cholesterol ephezulu. Le mithi yehlisa kakhulu i-cholesterol yakho embi (LDL). Futhi isiza ukwehlisa ama-triglycerides, olunye uhlobo lwamafutha egazini, futhi ikhuphule kancane amazinga akho e-cholesterol "enhle" (HDL).
Ucwaningo luthole ukuthi ingozi yokuthola izifo ezihlobene nenhliziyo njengokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo incishiswa kakhulu uma kusetshenziswa ama-statin.
Izibonelo zemithi ye-statin:
- I-Atorvastatin (Atorvaliq, Lipitor)
- I-Fluvastatin (Lescol)
- I-Lovastatin
- I-Pitavastatin (i-Livalo)
- I-Pravastatin (i-Pravachol)
- I-Rosuvastatin calcium (Crestor)
- I-Simvastatin (i-Zocor)
Imiphumela Engemihle: Abanye abantu bangase babe nezinkinga zesisu (njengokuqaqamba kwesisu nokuqunjelwa), ukulimala kwesibindi (okungavamile kakhulu), kanye nokuvuvukala kwemisipha. Kungase kube nokwanda okuncane kwengozi yokuba noshukela ophezulu egazini kanye nesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2. Kodwa-ke, i-FDA ithi izinzuzo zalo muthi zidlula izingozi.
Okubaluleke kakhulu: Uma uthatha imithi ye-statin, gwema ukudla i-grapefruit nokuphuza ijusi ye-grapefruit ngokuphelele, njengoba i-grapefruit ingenza kube nzima ngomzimba wakho ukumunca le mithi.
Imithi esebenza emathunjini
Le mithi ingahlukaniswa ngezigaba ezimbili eziyinhloko.
1. Ama-Resins e-Bile Acid
Le mithi isebenza emathunjini akho. Kalula nje, ibopha inyongo, ekhishwa yisibindi, futhi ivimbele ukuthi ingaphinde imuncwe egazini. Inyongo yakhiwa kakhulu yi-cholesterol. Ngakho-ke le nqubo inciphisa inani le-cholesterol emzimbeni.
- Izibonelo: I-Cholestyramine (Prevalite), i-Colesevelam (WelChol), i-Colestipol (Colestid)
- Imiphumela emibi: Ukuqunjelwa, ukuqunjelwa, kanye nokuphazamiseka kwesisu yizona ezivame kakhulu.
2. I-Ezetimibe (Zetia)
Lolu uhlobo oluhlukile lomuthi. I-Ezetimibe isebenza ngokuvimbela ukumuncwa kwe-cholesterol emathunjini akho amancane. Ngokuvamile inikezwa kanye ne-statin. Kutholakale ukuthi kubantu abaye baba nokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo, ukuthatha lo muthi ne-statin kunganciphisa kancane ingozi yokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo okunye.
- Imiphumela emibi: Ubuhlungu bemisipha, ubuhlungu bomhlane, isifo sohudo, kanye nobuhlungu besisu kungenzeka.
Eminye imithi yokwehlisa i-cholesterol
Ngaphezu kwemithi eshiwo ngenhla, sizophinde sazi ngeminye imithi eminingana esetshenziswa ezimweni ezikhethekile.
| Uhlobo lomuthi | Incazelo kanye nokusetshenziswa |
|---|---|
| Ama-PCSK9 Inhibitors Isibonelo: i-Alirocumab (Praluent), i-Evolocumab (Repatha) | Lezi uhlobo olusha lwemithi. Zinikezwa abantu abanamazinga e-cholesterol angenakukwazi ukulawulwa ngokushintsha indlela yokuphila kanye nama-statin. Zisetshenziswa ngaphezu kwama-statin, ikakhulukazi kubantu abanesimo sofuzo esibangela i-cholesterol ephezulu (i-Heterozygous Familyal Hypercholesterolemia - HeFH) kanye nakubantu abanesifo senhliziyo. Ziwumjovo onikezwa njalo emavikini ama-2. |
| I-Niacin (i-vitamin B3) Isibonelo: iNiaspan, iNiacor | Lokhu kuyivithamini B. Uma kunikezwa njengomuthi ngemithamo ephezulu, kunciphisa i-LDL futhi kwandise i-HDL. Kodwa-ke, abukho ubufakazi bokuthi ukuthatha i-niacin ne-statin kunciphisa kakhulu ingozi yesifo senhliziyo. |
| Ama-Fibrate Isibonelo: i-Fenofibrate, i-Gemfibrozil (i-Lopid) | Lokhu kusiza kakhulu ekunciphiseni uhlobo lwamafutha olubizwa ngokuthi ama-triglycerides. Kungakhuphula namazinga e-cholesterol amahle (i-HDL). |
| Izithibi ze-ACL Isibonelo: i-Bempedoic (i-Nexletol) | Le mithi isebenza ngokuvimbela ukukhiqizwa kwe-cholesterol esibindini. Iphinde inikezwe ngqo abantu abane-HeFH kanye nesifo senhliziyo esibangelwa yi-atherosclerotic (ASCVD). |
Izwi mayelana ne-Omega-3s
Abanye abantu bacabanga ukuthi izithasiselo zamafutha enhlanzi zinganciphisa ingozi yesifo senhliziyo. Kodwa abukho ubufakazi obucacile balokhu. Kodwa-ke, izithasiselo ze-omega-3 ezinamandla kadokotela zinganciphisa amazinga e-triglyceride. Ngakho-ke, ungathengi nje ama-capsules amafutha enhlanzi ekhemisi bese uwathatha wedwa. Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngakho.
Qaphela lezi zinto uma usebenzisa imithi
Uma uthatha imithi ye-cholesterol, kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho ngqo. Uma ungayithathi kahle, ngeke uthole izinzuzo eziphelele zomuthi.
- Yazi kahle ukuthi uwuthatha ngani umuthi. Qonda kahle isimo sakho nokuthi umuthi usebenza kanjani.
- Thatha umuthi wakho ngesikhathi esifanayo nsuku zonke. Kwenze umkhuba lokhu.
- Ungayeki ukuphuza imithi yakho noma ushintshe umthamo ngaphandle kokukhuluma nodokotela wakho. Ngisho noma uzizwa ungcono manje, thatha imithi yakho njengoba kuyalelwe kuze kube yilapho udokotela wakho ekutshela ukuthi wenze kanjalo.
- Dala isimiso sokuthatha imithi yakho. Kulula ukusebenzisa ibhokisi lamaphilisi elibhalwe izinsuku zesonto. Ligcwalise ekuqaleni kwesonto.
- Uma izindleko ziyinkinga, khuluma nodokotela wakho. Unganciphisi umthamo wakho ukuze wonge imali. Ukwenza kanjalo ngeke kuveze imiphumela.
- Ungasebenzisi eminye imithi noma amakhambi atholakala ngaphandle kwemithi kadokotela ngaphandle kokubonisana nodokotela wakho kuqala. Ezinye izinto zingase zithinteke nemithi yakho ye-cholesterol.
- Uma uphuthelwa umthamo, thatha ngokushesha nje lapho ukhumbula. Kodwa-ke, uma sekuyisikhathi somthamo wakho olandelayo, yeqa umthamo ophuthelwe bese uwuthatha ngesikhathi esilandelayo esihleliwe. Buza udokotela wakho ngalokhu kusenesikhathi.
- Uma uhamba, gcina imithi yakho iseduze. Uma uzohamba izinsuku eziningana, thatha okungenani imithi yesonto lonke kanye nekhophi yemithi kadokotela.
- Ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa ngaphansi kwe-anesthesia, njengokukhishwa kwezinyo, tshela udokotela ngemithi oyiphuzayo.
- Buza udokotela wakho mayelana nokuphuza utshwala. Utshwala bungandisa imiphumela emibi yemithi ethile futhi bunciphise ukusebenza kwayo.
- Uma unenkinga yokuqonda okushiwo udokotela, hamba nomngane omethembayo noma ilungu lomndeni.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Into yokuqala nebaluleke kakhulu yokulawula i-cholesterol ukugcina ukudla okunempilo kanye nendlela yokuphila esebenzayo .
- Ukwelapha kumane nje kuyindlela yokusiza leyo ndlela yokuphila. Ungayeki imikhuba emihle ngoba nje uthatha imithi.
- Thatha umuthi owunikezwa udokotela wakho, ngesilinganiso esifanele, ngesikhathi esifanele, isikhathi esifanele. Ungalokothi uyeke ukuwuthatha wedwa.
- Uma uzwa noma yikuphi ukungakhululeki okungavamile noma imiphumela emibi evela emuthini, yazisa udokotela wakho ngokushesha.
- Yazisa udokotela wakho nganoma yimiphi eminye imithi noma izithasiselo ozithathayo.
💬 Comments (0)
Awekho amazwana athunyelwe okwamanje. Faka amazwana akho lapha okokuqala ngqa.
Engeza amazwana akho