Ingabe Ungaya Esikhathini (Ukuya Esikhathini) Ngesikhathi Ukhulelwe? Thola Iqiniso Loqobo!

Ukukhulelwa yisikhathi esikhethekile kakhulu empilweni yowesifazane, esigcwele amathemba, injabulo, kanye nokulangazelela. Ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, umzimba ubhekana nezinguquko eziningi ezinkulu zemvelo, ezomzimba, kanye nalezo zamahomoni. Njengoba umzimba uguquka, kuyinto evamile ukuba ube nemibuzo eminingi, ukungabaza, kanye nokukhathazeka. Enye yemibuzo evame kakhulu ebuzwa ngabesifazane abaningi ithi: "Ingabe kungenzeka yini ukuba ngiye esikhathini (ukuya esikhathini) uma sengikhulelwe?" Noma "Uma ngikhulelwe, isikhathi sami senyanga sizoqhubeka yini?"

Kwesinye isikhathi, ngemuva kokuba usutholile ukuthi ukhulelwe, ungase ubone amachashaza amancane egazi noma ukopha okuncane esithweni sakho sangasese. Lapho lokhu kwenzeka, kuyinto engokwemvelo ukwethuka nokuzizwa unokwesaba okukhulu. Hlobo luni lwemibuzo elandela emqondweni yakho? "Ingabe lokhu kusho ukuthi ngisesikhathini sami senyanga? Ingabe kukhona inkinga ethile ngomntwana osesibelethweni sami?" Imibuzo enjengale ingakulethela ukucindezeleka okukhulu nemizwa yokudideka.

Ngakho-ke, liyini iqiniso ngalolu daba? Ingabe ungaya esikhathini ngempela ukhulelwe? Uma sizophendula lo mbuzo ngokushesha nangokuqondile: Cha, akunakwenzeka nhlobo ukuba uye esikhathini kwangempela uma usukhulelwe. Uma ukhulelwe ngokuzinzile nangokunempilo, umjikelezo wakho ojwayelekile wokuya esikhathini unqamuka ngokuphelele. Nokho, ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, ikakhulukazi ezinyangeni zokuqala zokukhulelwa (i-first trimester), ungase uhlangabezane nokopha esithweni sangasese (vaginal bleeding) noma ukubona amachashaza egazi (spotting) ngenxa yezinye izizathu ezihlukene. Nakuba lokhu kungase kubonakale kufana nokuya esikhathini kwangempela ngamehlo, izizathu ezikubangelayo zihluke ngokuphelele.

Kulesi sihloko esingaphansi kwemihlahlandlela yezokwelapha nokuqinisekiswa yizikhungo zezempilo ezihloniphekile njengoMnyango Wezempilo WaseNingizimu Afrika (South African Department of Health), i-WHO (World Health Organization), kanye ne-CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention), sizohlaziya kabanzi ukuthi kungani umjikelezo wokuya esikhathini unqamuka lapho ukhulelwe. Sizobuye sibheke izizathu ezahlukene ezingabangela ukopha ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, ukuthi yini okufanele uyenze lapho ubona igazi, nokuthi ungakuqinisekisa kanjani ukuthi ukhulelwe ngendlela ephephile.

Kungani Inkathi Yangempela Ingangenzeki Ngesikhathi Sokukhulelwa? (Why Real Periods Don't Happen During Pregnancy?)

Ukuze siqonde kahle ukuthi kungani ungakwazi ukuya esikhathini ngesikhathi ukhulelwe, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi umjikelezo wokuya esikhathini (menstrual cycle) usebenza kanjani emzimbeni wakho. Nyanga zonke, umzimba wowesifazane owonile ulungiselela ukukhulelwa okungase kwenzeke. Izindlu zamaqanda (ovaries) zikhulula iqanda elivuthiwe ngenqubo ebizwa ngokuthi ukukhiqizwa kweqanda noma i-ovulation. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ulwelwesi olungaphakathi lwesibeletho (endometrium) luqala ukuqina, lugcwale igazi nezithako eziningi zokudla ukuze lukwazi ukwamukela nokondla iqanda elivundisiwe. Zonke lezi zinqubo zilawulwa ngokucophelela ngamahomoni (hormones) ahlukahlukene emzimbeni wakho.

Uma kwenzeka ukuthi lelo qanda elikhululiwe lingahlangani nesidoda somlisa (okusho ukuthi ukuvundiswa noma i-fertilization ayenzekanga), amazinga amahomoni asekela ukugcinwa kolwelwesi lwesibeletho ayehla kakhulu. Ngenxa yokwehla kwalezi zivuseleli zamahomoni, lolu lwelwesi olwalujiyile luyahllukana nodonga lwesibeletho, bese luphuma esithweni sangasese luhambisana negazi. Yilokhu okubizwa ngokuthi ukuya esikhathini (menstruation), okuyinkathi yakho yanyanga zonke.

Nokho, uma iqanda lihlangana nesidoda somlisa, livundiswe ngempumelelo, umbungu ovelayo (embryo) uyahamba uyozinza futhi unamathele odongeni lwesibeletho (inqubo ebizwa ngokuthi i-implantation). Lapho lokhu kwenzeka, ukusebenza komzimba wakho kushintsha ngokuphelele. Umzimba uqala ukukhiqiza inani elikhulu lamahomoni aqukethe i-progesterone kanye ne-hCG (human chorionic gonadotropin). Lezi homoni zenza umsebenzi obalulekile wokugcina lolu lwelwesi lwesibeletho olujiyile lusesimweni esihle, ukuze lungonakali futhi lungahlukani, ngoba ludingeka njengendawo yokuhlala nokondla umntwana osesibelethweni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inqubo yokukhulula amanye amaqanda (ovulation) iyanqanyulwa ngokuphelele phakathi nalesi sikhathi sokukhulelwa.

Kafushane nje, lapho ukhulelwe, indlela amahomoni akho asebenza ngayo iyashintsha ngokuphelele ukuze kuvikelwe impilo yomntwana. Lokhu kusho ukuthi yonke inqubo eyenza ulwelwesi lwesibeletho luhlukane (okuyilokho okudala ukuya esikhathini) iyama. Ngakho-ke, lowo owesifazane okhulelwe ngokunempilo akanalo ithuba lokuya esikhathini kwangempela.

Pho, Yini Ebangela Ukopha Ngesikhathi Sokukhulelwa? (Then, What Causes Bleeding During Pregnancy?)

Nakuba ukuya esikhathini okujwayelekile kungeke kwenzeke ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, ukopha esithweni sangasese kusengenzeka ngenxa yezinye izimbangela ezihlukene. Lokhu kopha kungase kubonakale njengamachashaza amancane egazi (spotting) noma kube ukopha okusindayo okungase kufane nokuya esikhathini. Kubalulekile kakhulu ukwazi ukuthi ezinye zezimbangela zokopha zivamile futhi azinangozi enkulu, kodwa ezinye zazo zingaba yizimpawu zezinkinga ezinkulu zempilo ezidinga usizo lwezokwelapha oluphuthumayo ngokushesha.

1. Ukopha Kokuzinza Kweqanda (Implantation Bleeding)

Lolu hlobo lokopha luvame ukwenzeka ezinsukwini zokuqala zokukhulelwa, imvamisa ngaphambi kokuba wazi nokuthi ukhulelwe. Kwenzeka cishe ezinsukwini ezi-6 kuye kwezi-12 ngemva kokuba iqanda livundisiwe. Lapho umbungu omncane ozinzayo unamathela futhi ungena ngaphakathi kodonga lwesibeletho, ungase uphazamise noma ulimaze imithambo yegazi emincane kakhulu esodongeni lwesibeletho, okudala ukuba kutholakale igazi elincane esithweni sangasese.

• Isikhathi: Lokhu kopha kuvame ukwenzeka ngesikhathi esiseduze kakhulu nosuku obulindele ukuba uye ngalo esikhathini sakho esilandelayo. Yingakho abantu abaningi bephazama bacabange ukuthi umjikelezo wabo wokuya esikhathini ujwayelekile.
• Ukubukeka Kombala: Lolu akulona ukopha okusindayo. Kuvame ukuba amachashaza amancane kakhulu egazi (spotting) anombala obomvana noma onsundu, hhayi umbala obomvu obomvu nonamandla ofana nowokuya esikhathini okujwayelekile.
• Isikhathi Esithathayo: Kuhlala isikhathi esifushane kakhulu, kusukela emahoreni ambalwa kuye ezinsukwini ezimbili kuphela, hhayi izinsuku ezi-3 kuye kwezi-7 njengokuya esikhathini okujwayelekile.
• Iphuzu Obalulekile: Lolu hlobo lokopha aluyona ingozi empilweni yakho noma yomntwana, futhi empeleni luwuphawu lwemvelo lokuthi umbungu uzenzela indawo yokukhulela. Kodwa-ke, noma yikuphi ukopha kufanele kwaziswe udokotela wakho ukuze aqinisekise isimo sezempilo.

2. Ukukhulelwa Ngaphandle Kwesibeletho (Ectopic Pregnancy) - Isimo Esiphuthumayo Sokwelashwa! 🚨

Lona isimo sezempilo esiyingozi kakhulu futhi esidinga ukuba uphuthume esibhedlela ngokushesha. Ukukhulelwa ngaphandle kwesibeletho kwenzeka lapho iqanda elivundisiwe lizinzela futhi likhulele endaweni engaphandle kwesibeletho (uterus). Ezikhathini eziningi, lokhu kwenzeka ngaphakathi kwepayipi le-fallopian (fallopian tube), okuyipayipi elixhumanisa izindlu zamaqanda nesibeletho. Ngezinye izikhathi kungenzeka nasema-ovary noma emlonyeni wesibeletho.

• Kungani Kuyingozi Ekhulu?: Isibeletho yisona sodwa isitho somzimba esakhelwe ukukhulisa umbungu njengoba ukhula. Amapayipi e-fallopian mancane kakhulu futhi awakwazi ukunwebeka ngokwanele ukuba aphathe umntwana okhulayo. Uma umbungu uqhubeka ukhula lapho, ipayipi lingase liqhume (rupture). Inqubo enjalo ingabangela ukopha okukhulu kakhulu ngaphakathi emzimbeni (internal bleeding), okubeka impilo kamama engozini enkulu yokufa uma engatholi usizo lwezempilo oluphuthumayo.
• Izimpawu Ezivamile:
  • Ukopha esithweni sangasese (kungase kube kuncane noma kube okukhulu kakhulu).
  • Ubuhlungu obuqhaqhazelisayo nobunzima kakhulu ngaphansi kwesisu noma endaweni ye-pelvic, imvamisa kwelinye icala lesisu.
  • Ubuhlungu obufinyelela ehlombe (shoulder tip pain) - lokhu kuwuphawu olubi kakhulu olukhomba ukuthi kukhona ukopha ngaphakathi kwesisu okucindezela imizwa exhunywe ehlombe.
  • Isiyezi esinamandla, umuzwa wokuthi ufuna ukuquleka, noma ukuphelelwa amandla ngokuphelele.
• Yini Okufanele Uyenze?: Uma usola noma wazi ukuthi ukhulelwe futhi uhlangabezana nalezi zimpawu, ikakhulukazi ubuhlungu obunzima besisu kanye nokopha, ungapholisi maseko, phuthuma esibhedlela esiseduze nawe noma ushayele usizo lwezempilo oluphuthumayo lwaseNingizimu Afrika ku-10177 (noma u-112 ocingweni lwakho lweselula) ukuze uthole i-ambulance ngokushesha. Lokhu kuyisimo esiphuthumayo sokwelashwa (medical emergency).

3. Ukuphuphunyelwa Yisisu Noma Ukuphuma Kwesisu (Miscarriage)

Ukuphuphunyelwa yisisu kusho ukunqamuka nokulahlekelwa ukukhulelwa ngaphambi kokuba kufike isonto lama-20 lokukhulelwa, imvamisa kwenzeka ezinyangeni ezintathu zokuqala (first trimester). Lokhu kuyenzeka lapho ukukhula komntwana osesibelethweni kume ngokuzenzakalelayo. Nakuba lokhu kuyinto ebuhlungu kakhulu engokomqondo nangokomzimba, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi ezikhathini eziningi kubangelwa yizinkinga zofuzo (chromosomal abnormalities) emlungwini futhi akusona isiphosiso sikamama.

• Izimpawu Zokuphuphunyelwa Yisisu:
  • Ukopha esithweni sangasese - kungase kuqale njengamachashaza amancane egazi bese kancane kancane kuba okukhulu kakhulu. Egazini eliphumayo ungase ubone amaqula egazi (blood clots) noma izicubu zomzimba eziphumayo.
  • Ubuhlungu obunamandla besisu noma amajaqamba (cramps) endaweni engezansi yesisu noma emhlane. Lobu buhlungu buvame ukuba bukhulu kakhulu ukwedlula ubuhlungu obuzwa ngesikhathi sokuya esikhathini okujwayelekile.
  • Ukwehla okungazelelwe kwezimpawu zokukhulelwa ezifana nesicanucanu noma ubuhlungu bamabele obujwayelekile.
• Yini Okufanele Uyenze?: Uma ubona lezi zimpawu, kubalulekile ukuba uthontane nodokotela wakho ngokushesha noma uye emtholampilo. Udokotela uzokwenza isivivinyo esifana ne-ultrasound scan ukuze ahlole isimo somntwana ngaphakathi esibelethweni. Uma kwenzeka ukuthi isisu siphumile ngempela, bazokunikeza ukwelashwa okufanele ukuvikela ukutheleleka ngezifo kanye nokukunikeza usizo lokwelulekwa kwengqondo (counseling) ngalokhu kulahlekelwa.

4. Izinguquko Emlonyeni Wesibeletho (Cervical Changes)

Ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, amazinga amahomoni enza ukuba kube nokugeleza okukhulu kwegazi (increased blood flow) endaweni yomlomo wesibeletho (cervix). Lokhu kwenzeka ngoba izicubu zomlomo wesibeletho ziba thambile futhi zibe bucayi kakhulu kunokujwayelekile. Ngenxa yalokhu, ukopha okuncane noma amachashaza egazi angase avela ngemuva kokuba uhlanganyele ocansini nomlingani wakho noma ngemuva kokuba uhlolwe ngudokotela wesifazane (njengalapho kwenziwa i-Pap test). Lokhu hlobo lokopha ngokuvamile aluyona ingozi futhi aludingi ukukhathazeka, kodwa kuhlale kulungile ukwazisa abezempilo.

5. Izifo Ezithathelwanayo (Infections)

Izifo ezithathelwanayo esithweni sangasese noma emlonyeni wesibeletho (ezifana ne-yeast infection, bacterial vaginosis, noma izifo ezithathelwana ngocansi njenge-chlamydia noma i-gonorrhea) zingadala ukuthi izicubu zesitho sangasese zivuvukale zibe buhlungu. Lokhu kuvuvukala kungabangela ukopha okuncane noma ukubona amachashaza, ikakhulukazi ngemuva kokuhlangana ngokocansi noma ukunyakaza okuthile. Lezi zifo zempilo zidinga ukwelashwa ngokushesha ngama-antibiotic noma izithako zokwelapha ezifanele eziklonyeliswe ngudokotela ukuze kuthuthukiswe impilo yomama nomntwana.

6. Izinkinga Nge-Placenta (Placental Issues in Later Pregnancy)

Uma ukukhulelwa sekuqhubekile (ezinyangeni zokugcina noma i-second and third trimester), ukopha kungase kube wuphawu lezinkinga ezinkulu nge-placenta (ingane-mathuba). Lezi zinkinga zihlanganisa i-Placenta Previa (lapho i-placenta ivale umlomo wesibeletho ngokuphelele noma kancane) noma i-Placental Abruption (lapho i-placenta ihlukana nodonga lwesibeletho ngaphambi kokuba ingane izalwe). Lezi zimo zombili zibangela ukopha okukhulu kakhulu okungafaka impilo yomama neyengane engozini enkulu yokushona. Kudinga ukuba ubonane nodokotela ngokushesha esibhedlela.

Umehluko Phakathi Kokuya Esikhathini Nokopha Ngesikhathi Sokukhulelwa

Ukuze ukwazi ukuhlukanisa kalula phakathi komjikelezo wakho ojwayelekile wokuya esikhathini kanye nokopha okungase kwenzeke ngesikhathi ukhulelwe (ikakhulukazi i-implantation bleeding), nansi ithebula elula elungiselelwe ngokusekelwe kwimihlahlandlela yezempilo yamazwe ngamazwe:

Isici Sephethini (Feature)	Ukuya Esikhathini Okujwayelekile (Real Period)	Ukopha Kokuzinza Kweqanda (Implantation Bleeding)
Umbala Wegazi	Ukuqala ngobomvu obufiphele bese kuba bomvu thoko nonamandla (Bright to dark red)	Okubomvana thoko, okufiphele, noma okunsundu (Pinkish or light brown)
Ubuningi Begazi	Kuningi kakhulu (kudinga ukusebenzisa amaphedi amaningi ngosuku)	Kuncane kakhulu, amachashaza egazi kuphela (Spotting)
Isikhathi Esithathayo	Kuhlala izinsuku ezi-3 kuye kwezi-7 ezilandelanayo	Kuthatha amahora ambalwa kuye ezinsukwini ezi-2 kuphela
Ukuqina Kwamajaqamba	Amajaqamba alinganiselayo kuye kokunamandla kakhulu esiswini	Amajaqamba amancane kakhulu noma awekho nhlobo
Amajaqamba Emisipha (Clots)	Kujwayelekile ukubona amaqula egazi egazini eliphumayo	Akukho nhlobo amaqula egazi kuleli gazi eliphumayo

Yini Okufanele Uyenze Uma Ubona Ukopha Ngesikhathi Sokukhulelwa? (What Should You Do If You See Bleeding During Pregnancy?)

Leli phuzu libaluleke kakhulu kakhulu kunazo zonke ezinye izinto. Ngesikhathi ukhulelwe, ngisho noma ukopha kubonakala kukuncane kakhulu noma kungamachashaza amancane, kufanele uhlale ukwazisa udokotela wakho, umbelethisi, noma umtholampilo wezempilo oseduze nawe ngokushesha. Ngisho noma isizathu salokhu kukopha kuyinto engashayi manzi njengokuzinza kweqanda (implantation bleeding), kusemqoka kakhulu ukuba udokotela ahlole ukuze aqinisekise ukuthi konke kuhamba kahle nokukhipha amathuba ezimo eziyingozi (rule out complications).

Izimpawu Ezidinga Ukuba Uye Esibhedlela Ngokushesha

Uma uhlangabezana nokopha okuhambisana nanoma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu ezilandelayo, lokho kusho ukuthi isimo sibucayi kakhulu, futhi kufanele uphuthume ngokushesha egumbini lezimo eziphuthumayo (emergency room/casualty) esibhedlela esiseduze nawe noma ushayele usizo lwe-ambulance ku-10177 noma 112 ocingweni lwakho:

• Ukopha okuhambisana nobuhlungu obukhulu: Ikakhulukazi ubuhlungu obuqhathulisayo obuzwakala ohlangothini olulodwa lwesisu sakho esisezansi (lokhu kungaba uphawu lokukhulelwa ngaphandle kwesibeletho).
• Ukopha okukhulu kakhulu: Lapho igazi ligcwala iphedi elilodwa lensimbi (sanitary pad) ngokuphelele ngaphakathi kwehora elilodwa noma ngaphansi.
• Ukuphuma kwamaqula egazi amakhulu noma izicubu zomzimba.
• Isiyezi esinamandla, umuzwa wokuthi umhlaba uyazungeza, ukufikelwa ukukhathala okungazelelwe, noma ukuquleka (fainting).
• Ubuhlungu obuzwakala phezulu ehlombe (shoulder tip pain).
• Umkhuhlane ophezulu noma ukuzamazama komzimba ngenxa yamakhaza (chills).

Izimpawu ezibalwe ngenhla zingabonisa izimo zezempilo ezibeka impilo yakho neyengane engozini enkulu yokufa. Ungazami ukuzitholela imithi ekhaya noma ukulinda ukuba isimo sidlule ngaphandle kokuxhumana nabochwepheshe bezempilo.

Uma ukopha kukuncane kakhulu (kuyamachashaza egazi kuphela) futhi ungenabo ubuhlungu besisu noma ezinye izimpawu zengozi, ungase ungadingi ukugijimela esibhedlela ebusuku, kodwa kubalulekile ukuthi uxhumane nodokotela wakho noma uye emtholampilo ekuseni ngakho ngokushesha ukuze uthole isiqondiso esifanele.

Uyasola Ukuthi Ukhulelwe? Izimpawu Neziphumo Ze-Pregnancy Test (Suspect Pregnancy? Tests and Signs)

Uma isikhathi sakho sokuya esikhathini sekuphuthe izinsuku ezimbalwa noma isonto, futhi usola ukuthi ungase ukhulelwe, kunezindlela eziningi zokuqinisekisa lokhu. Indlela elula nesheshayo ongayenza uqobo lwakho ekhaya ukwenza isivivinyo sokukhulelwa sasekhaya (Home Pregnancy Test) ngokusebenzisa umchamo wakho.

• Isivivinyo Sokukhulelwa Sasekhaya (Pregnancy Tests): Lezi zivuseleli zisebenza ngokobona amazinga ehomoni elibizwa ngokuthi i-hCG (Human Chorionic Gonadotropin) emchameni wakho. Leli homoni liqala ukukhiqizwa umzimba kuphela ngemuva kokuba iqanda elivundisiwe selinamathele odongeni lwesibeletho.
• Ingabe Umphumela Ongemihle Ongamanga Ungenzeka? (False Negative): Yebo, kungenzeka kakhulu. Uma wenza lesi sivivinyo kusenesikhathi esincane (ngaphambi kosuku lokufika kwesikhathi sakho noma ngalo kanye usuku lokufika kwesikhathi sakho), amazinga e-hCG emchameni wakho angase abe phansi kakhulu ukuba atholwe yisivivinyo. Kulokhu, umphumela ungase ubonise ukuthi "awukhulelwe" (negative) nakuba empeleni ukhulelwe. Ngakho-ke, uma uthole umphumela ongemihle kodwa isikhathi sakho singakafiki futhi uba nezimpawu zokukhulelwa, kuyisinqumo esihle ukulinda izinsuku ezimbalwa bese uphinda wenza lesi sivivinyo futhi, noma uye emtholampilo ukuyohlolwa egazini.
• Ezinye Izimpawu Ezivamile Zokukhulelwa: Ngaphandle kokuhlolwa ngesivivinyo, umzimba wakho ungase ubonise izimpawu zokuqala zokukhulelwa, ezihlanganisa:
  • Ukuphuthelwa yisikhathi sokuya esikhathini (Missed period): Lolu wuphawu lokuqala oluvame kakhulu noluthembekile lowesifazane onomjikelezo ojwayelekile.
  • Isicanucanu noma ukuhlanza (Morning sickness): Kungase kwenzeke ekuseni kakhulu noma noma nini emini.
  • Amabele abuhlungu, athambile noma akhulile (Tender breasts): Ngenxa yezinguquko zamahomoni alungiselela ukukhiqizwa kobisi.
  • Ukuzizwa ukhathele kakhulu (Fatigue): Ukuphakama kwe-progesterone kungenza uzizwe uphelelwa amandla.
  • Ukuchama njalo (Frequent urination): Njengoba isibeletho sikhula, sicindezela isinye sakho.
  • Ukuguquguquka kwemizwa (Mood swings): Ukukhuphuka okukhulu kwamahomoni kungadala ukuthi uzizwe unomoya ophansi noma ucasuka kalula.
  • Ukukhanuka kokudla noma ukwenyanya ukudla okuthile (Cravings or Aversions): Ukushintsha kokuzwa iphunga kanye nokunambitheka kokudla.

Uma unalezi zimpawu, noma ngabe isivivinyo sakho sasekhaya sibonise umphumela omuhle (positive), isinyathelo esilandelayo nesibaluleke kakhulu ukuba uxhumane nabasebenzi bezempilo noma uye emtholampilo obhalisiwe wezokubeletha ukuze uthole isiqiniseko soqobo nokunakekelwa okulungile.

Kungani Kubalulekile Ukobonana NoDokotela Ngesikhathi Ukhulelwe? (Why is Seeking Medical Advice Essential?)

Ukubaluleka kokuxhumana nodokotela noma umbelethisi oqeqeshiwe ngesikhathi usola noma uqinisekisa ukuthi ukhulelwe akukwazi ukugcizelelwa ngokwanele. Nawa amaphuzu abalulekile anomthelela ekuhlinzekeni impilo ephephile kuwena nasenganeni yakho:

1. Ukuqinisekisa indawo yokukhulelwa: Udokotela uzokwazi ukwenza ukuhlola okusebenzisa imishini ye-ultrasound scan ukuqinisekisa ukuthi umbungu ukhulela endaweni efanele ngaphakathi kwesibeletho (intrauterine pregnancy) hhayi ngaphandle kwaso (ectopic pregnancy), okuvikela izingozi ezingaba yingozi yokufa.
2. Ukunquma ubudala bokukhulelwa (Dating Scan): Lokhu kusiza ukwazi ukuthi ukhulelwe amaviki amangaki nokubala usuku okulindeleke ukuba ubelethe ngalo (Estimated Due Date - EDD). Lolu suku lubalulekile ekulandeleni ukukhula kwengane kwisikhathi esifanele.
3. Ukuqala ukunakekelwa kwangaphambi kokubeletha (Antenatal Care): Ukubhalisa emtholampilo kusenesikhathi kusiza ukuba uqale ukuthatha amavithamini abalulekile afana ne-Folic Acid, evikela izingane ekubeni neziphoso zomgogodla (neural tube defects), kanye nokwenza ukuhlola kwegazi okudingekayo (njenge-HIV, amazinga e-iron, ne-blood group).
4. Ukuxilonga imbangela yokopha: Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiluphi ukopha, abezempilo bazohlaziya imbangela yoqobo futhi banikeze ukwelashwa okufanele noma ukuphumula kombhede (bed rest) ukuze kuvikelwe ingane.
5. Ukwelulekwa ngokwengqondo nezinqumo zempilo: Uthola ithuba lokubuza yonke imibuzo enayo ngempilo, ukudla okufanele ukudle, kanye nokothola imihlahlandlela ezokwenza uzizwe uqinisekile futhi uphephile engqondweni.

Isiphetho Nomyalezo Obalulekile Okufanele Uhambe Nawo (Summary and Final Word)

Kafushane nje, ukubukeza wonke la maphuzu esikhulume ngawo, akunakalungi nhlobo ukuba uye esikhathini sakho sezinyanga esijwayelekile uma usukhulelwe. Lapho amazinga amahomoni enza umsebenzi wawo wokugcina umntwana uphephile, inqubo yokopha yanyanga zonke iyanqamuka ngokuphelele.

Nokho, khumbula ukuthi ukopha esithweni sangasese ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kungenzeka ngenxa yezinye izizathu eziningi ezifana ne-implantation bleeding, ukukhulelwa ngaphandle kwesibeletho (ectopic pregnancy), noma ukuphuphunyelwa yisisu (miscarriage). Indlela engcono kakhulu yokuzigcina uphephile ukuba ungakuthathi kalula noma yikuphi ukopha. Ngisho noma kukuncane kakhulu, thintana nomtholampilo noma udokotela wakho ngokushesha.

Impilo yakho neyomntwana wakho oyigugu iyona nto ebaluleke kakhulu kunazo zonke ezinye izinto. Ungalindi noma wesabe ukucela usizo lwezokwelapha kubasebenzi bezempilo abaqeqeshiwe. Ngosizo nezeluleko ezifanele zomtholampilo wezempilo noma izikhungo ezifana noMnyango Wezempilo WaseNingizimu Afrika, ungaba nohambo lokukhulelwa oluphephile nolujabulisayo!

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa Ngokuya Esikhathini Ngesikhathi Ukhulelwe (Frequently Asked Questions)

Nawa amanye emibuzo evame ukubuzwa abesifazane abaningi mayelana nokuya esikhathini nokopha ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, ephendulwe ngendlela elula neqinisekisiwe:

1. Ingabe ukopha ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kuhlale kusho ukuthi isisu siphumile?

Cha, akusho njalo ukuthi isisu siphumile (miscarriage). Ukopha okuncane noma amachashaza egazi kuvamile ezinyangeni zokuqala zokukhulelwa (cishe ku-20% kuya ku-30% wabesifazane abakhulelwe) ngenxa yokuzinza kweqanda noma izinguquko zomlomo wesibeletho. Nokho, ngoba ukopha kungase kube wuphawu lokulahlekelwa yisisu noma ukukhulelwa ngaphandle kwesibeletho, kubalulekile ukuxhumana nodokotela wakho ngokushesha ukuze ahlole isimo se-ultrasound scan.

2. Ngingakwazi ukuhlukanisa kanjani phakathi kokuya esikhathini ne-implantation bleeding?

Ukuya esikhathini okujwayelekile kubangela ukopha okukhulu okuthatha izinsuku ezi-3 kuye kwezi-7, unegazi elibomvu thoko nelinequla egazi. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-implantation bleeding yenzeka kancane kakhulu (amachashaza egazi kuphela), inombala obomvana noma onsundu, ithatha amahora ambalwa kuye ezinsukwini ezimbili, futhi ayinalo amaqula egazi.

3. Ngenzenjani uma ngine-implantation bleeding?

I-implantation bleeding ayidingi ukwelashwa okukhethekile ngoba iyinqubo engokwemvelo. Nokho, kufanele ubhale phansi usuku lokwenzeka kwayo bese wazisa udokotela wakho ngesikhathi sokubonana naye sokuqala ukuze kube lula ukubala ubudala bokukhulelwa.

4. Ingabe i-pregnancy test ingabonisa umphumela omuhle (positive) uma ngikhulelwe ngaphandle kwesibeletho?

Yebo, isivivinyo sokukhulelwa sizobonisa umphumela omuhle (positive). Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi umzimba wakho usakhiqiza i-hCG (human chorionic gonadotropin) ngisho noma umbungu uzinzile endaweni engalungile. Kungakho kubalulekile ukuba wenze i-ultrasound scan emtholampilo ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ingane isendaweni efanele yesibeletho.

5. Yisiphi isikhathi esifanele sokwenza i-pregnancy test yasekhaya?

Isikhathi esingcono kakhulu sokwenza isivivinyo sokukhulelwa sasekhaya ngemva kosuku lokuqala lapho isikhathi sakho sokuya esikhathini siphuthile. Uma ukwenza kusenesikhathi kakhulu, inani le-hCG emchameni lingase linganele ukutholwa yisivivinyo, okungadala umphumela ongemihle ongamanga. Kutuswa futhi ukuba usebenzise umchamo wokuqala wasekuseni ngoba uba namazinga e-hCG aphezulu.