Ngesikhathi uya emtholampilo, ingabe udokotela ukutshelile ukuthi izinga lakho le-cholesterol liphezulu kancane nokuthi udinga ukuqala ukuthatha imithi yalo? Noma uke wabona umama wakho, ubaba, noma umngane wakho ethatha imithi ye-cholesterol? Uma uzwa igama elithi "imithi ye-cholesterol," abanye abantu bazizwa besaba futhi besaba kancane. "Ingabe kufanele ngithathe lokhu impilo yami yonke?", "Ingabe lokhu kuzolimaza umzimba wami?", "Kuzokwenzekani uma ngiyeka ukuthatha lo muthi?", njll., kufika engqondweni. Ngakho-ke namuhla, ake sichaze konke lokhu.
Iyini ngempela i-cholesterol?
Kalula nje, i-cholesterol uhlobo lwamafutha oludingwa yimizimba yethu. Ibalulekile ezintweni eziningi emizimbeni yethu, kusukela ekwakheni amaseli kuya ekukhiqizeni ama-hormone. Kodwa njenganoma yini, izinkinga ziqala uma seziningi kakhulu.
Uma sikhuluma nge-cholesterol, sivame ukuzwa ngezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko:
- I-cholesterol embi (LDL - Low-Density Lipoprotein): Lena inkinga. Uma ikhula, ifakwa ezindongeni zemithambo yegazi yethu, iyenze inciphe kancane kancane. Kufana nokugqwala okwakheka ngaphakathi kwepayipi lamanzi elidala. Lesi simo sisibiza ngokuthi `(Atherosclerosis)`.
- I-cholesterol enhle (i-HDL - I-High-Density Lipoprotein): Lona umngane wethu. Isusa i-cholesterol embi eqongeleleke emithanjeni yegazi bese iyithwala iye esibindini ukuze ibhujiswe. Kufana nomqoqi kadoti.
Uma i-cholesterol embi (i-LDL) ikhula futhi imithambo yegazi incipha, ivimbela ukugeleza kwegazi enhliziyweni nasebuchosheni. Lokhu kwandisa kakhulu ingozi yokuthola izifo ezinkulu njengokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo kanye nesifo sohlangothi . Imithi ye-cholesterol inikezwa ukunciphisa leyo ngozi.
Ingabe ngidinga ukuqala ukuthatha imithi? Noma ngingalawula ukudla kwami?
Lona umbuzo abantu abaningi abawubuzayo. Uma i-cholesterol yakho iphezulu kancane, futhi ungenazo ezinye izinto eziyingozi (njengesifo sikashukela noma umfutho wegazi ophakeme), udokotela wakho uzoqala ngokuncoma izinguquko zendlela yokuphila . Lokho kusho ukuthi:
- Ukunciphisa ukudla okunamafutha amaningi, ushukela kanye nofulawa.
- Ukudla izithelo, imifino kanye nokudla okune-fiber eningi.
- Ukuzivocavoca njalo .
- Uma ubhema, yeka ngokuphelele.
Nokho, kunezinye izimo lapho izinguquko zendlela yokuphila zodwa zinganele.
- Uma izinga lakho le-cholesterol liphezulu kakhulu.
- Uma usuvele unezifo ezifana nesifo sikashukela noma umfutho wegazi ophakeme.
- Uma uke waba nokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo noma isifo sohlangothi ngaphambilini.
- Uma kukhona emndenini wakho oke waba nesifo senhliziyo esemncane.
Ezimweni ezinjengalezi, udokotela unquma ukukuqala ngemithi ukuze akuvikele kulezo zifo eziyingozi.
Yimiphi imithi eyinhloko ye-cholesterol?
Kunezinhlobo eziningana zemithi esetshenziselwa ukwehlisa i-cholesterol. Udokotela wakho uzokhetha imithi ekufanele kakhulu ngokusekelwe esimweni sakho, izinga le-cholesterol, kanye nezinye izimo zezokwelapha. Ake sibheke izinhlobo eziyinhloko.
| Uhlobo lomuthi | Indlela esebenza ngayo | Izibonelo (ezivamile eSri Lanka) |
|---|---|---|
| Ama-statin | Lezi yizinhlobo zemithi ezisetshenziswa kakhulu futhi ezisebenza kahle kakhulu. Zinciphisa ukukhiqizwa kwe-cholesterol yisibindi. | I-Atorvastatin (Lipitor), i-Rosuvastatin (Crestor), i-Simvastatin (Zocor) |
| I-Ezetimibe | Zinciphisa ukumuncwa kwe-cholesterol ekudleni esikudlayo. Zivame ukunikezwa kanye nama-statin. | I-Ezetimibe (Zetia) |
| Ama-Fibrate | Lokhu kusiza kakhulu ekunciphiseni olunye uhlobo lwamafutha olubizwa ngokuthi ama-triglycerides. | I-Fenofibrate, i-Gemfibrozil (i-Lopid) |
| Ama-PCSK9 Inhibitors | Lena imithi emisha, enamandla kakhulu, ejovwayo. Inikezwa abantu abasengozini enkulu futhi abangakwazi ukulawulwa ngama-statin. | I-Alirocumab (Praluent), i-Evolocumab (i-Repatha) |
Ingabe ikhona imiphumela emibi kulo muthi?
Njenganoma yimuphi umuthi, lo ungabangela imiphumela emibi emincane. Kodwa ungakhathazeki, abantu abaningi ababi nayo. Evame kakhulu yile:
- Ubuhlungu emisipheni nasemalungeni.
- Ikhanda elibuhlungu.
- Ukungakhululeki esiswini (njengokuqunjelwa, ukuqunjelwa).
Lokhu kuvame ukuphela ezinsukwini ezimbalwa.
Kubaluleke kakhulu: Abanye abantu, ngokungavamile, bangase babe nokulimala okukhulu kwemisipha okubizwa ngokuthi "i-Rhabdomyolysis". Uma uqala ukuthatha lo muthi futhi uzwa ubuhlungu obukhulu bemisipha, ubuthakathaka, nomchamo omnyama (njenge-cola) ngemva kokuwuqala, yeka ukuwuthatha ngokushesha bese ubona udokotela wakho. Noma uye emnyangweni wezimo eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela esiseduze nawe. Nakuba lokhu kuyinto engavamile, kubalulekile ukukuqaphela.
Udokotela wakho uzoqapha ama-enzyme esibindi sakho kanye nokuhlolwa kwegazi ngaphambi nangemva kokuqala ukuthatha lo muthi. Ngakho-ke, uma nje ulandela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho, akukho okufanele ukhathazeke ngakho.
Ingabe indlela yokuphila ibalulekile lapho uthatha imithi?
Yebo impela! Abantu abaningi bacabanga ukuthi uma sebephuze iphilisi, inkinga iyaxazululeka futhi bangadla futhi baphuze noma yini abayifunayo. Lelo iphutha elikhulu. Imithi ye-cholesterol imane nje iyisengezo esengeziwe sendlela yakho yokuphila enempilo.
Khumbula, imithi ye-cholesterol ifana nesivikelo esivikela inhliziyo yakho nobuchopho bakho. Leso sivikelo sizoqina kuphela uma uphila impilo enempilo.
Ngesikhathi uthatha umuthi, kufanele uqhubeke nokudla okuhle kanye nokuzivocavoca esixoxe ngakho ekuqaleni. Lokhu kuzosiza umuthi ukuthi usebenze kangcono. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, uma amazinga akho e-cholesterol elawulwa kahle, udokotela wakho angase akwazi ukunciphisa umthamo.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Imithi ye-cholesterol inikezwa ukuze ikuvikele ezifweni ezimbi njengokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo kanye nesifo sohlangothi, ngakho ungacabangi ngayo njengomthwalo.
- Njalo thatha umuthi onikezwe udokotela wakho, ngesilinganiso esifanele, ngesikhathi esifanele. Ungalokothi uyeke ukuthatha umuthi wakho nganoma yisiphi isikhathi.
- Uma uzwa noma yikuphi ukungakhululeki okungavamile ngenxa yemithi, ikakhulukazi ubuhlungu obukhulu bemisipha, tshela udokotela wakho ngokushesha.
- Akwanele ukuphuza umuthi nje. Ukudla okunempilo kanye nokuzivocavoca umzimba yizinto ezimbili okudingeka uzifake empilweni yakho.
- Njengoba udokotela esho, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuya emitholampilo ngesikhathi futhi uthole ukuhlolwa kwegazi okudingekayo.
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