Uma uya kudokotela, cishe uke wabazwa bethi, "Masenze ukuhlolwa kwegazi," akunjalo? Isikhathi esiningi, bakhuluma nge-Complete Blood Count, noma ukuhlolwa kwe-CBC esikujwayele sonke. Lokhu ukuhlolwa okuvamile kakhulu, okuyisisekelo. Kodwa uma uthola umbiko, kuvamile ukuzizwa wesaba futhi ukhathazekile uma ubona izinhlamvu nezinombolo kuwo. Ngakho-ke namuhla, ake sixoxe ngalokho okukulo mbiko we-CBC nokuthi uthini ngendlela elula kakhulu, ngendlela ongayiqonda.
Kuyini lokhu kuhlolwa kwe-CBC?
Kalula nje, i-CBC iyisivivinyo esibala izinhlobo eziyinhloko zamaseli egazini lakho. Igazi lethu alilona nje uketshezi olubomvu. Liqukethe izinhlobo eziningana zamaseli ezibalulekile emizimbeni yethu. I-CBC ibheka kakhulu lezi zinhlobo ezintathu zamaseli: amaseli abomvu egazi , amaseli amhlophe egazi , nama -platelet .
Manje, ake sibone ukuthi udokotela uzoyiyala nini le nqubo yokuhlolwa kwe-CBC:
- Njengengxenye yokuhlolwa kwempilo okuvamile: Ngisho noma ungenaso isifo, lokhu kungenziwa ukuqinisekisa ukuthi konke kuhamba kahle.
- Thola imbangela yezimpawu: Lokhu kuzokusiza ukuthola imbangela yezinto ezifana nomuzwa ongapheli wobuthakathaka, ukukhathala, umkhuhlane, kanye nokulunywa ngezikhathi ezithile .
- Hlola i-Anemia: Indlela engcono kakhulu yokwazi ngokuqinisekile ukuthi une-anemia, okuyinto evamile kubantu abaningi eSri Lanka, ukuba ne-CBC.
- Gada isimo esivele sikhona: Uma unesifo esihlobene negazi, lokhu kuhlolwa kwenziwa njalo ukuze kuhlolwe isimo saso.
- Hlola imiphumela yemithi: Lokhu kubalulekile ukuthola ukuthi eminye yemithi oyiphuzayo, ikakhulukazi leyo esetshenziselwa ukwelapha umdlavuza (i-chemotherapy), iyawathinta yini amaseli akho egazi.
Ulwenza kanjani lolu vivinyo?
Lokhu kulula kakhulu futhi kungaqedwa ngemizuzu embalwa. Akudingeki usebenze kanzima kakhulu.
Uma uhlolwa i-CBC kuphela, ungadla futhi uphuze ngendlela evamile. Kodwa-ke, uma uhlolwa okunye, njengokuhlolwa ushukela wegazi ngokuzila ukudla, udokotela wakho uzokutshela ukuthi ungadli noma uphuze amahora ambalwa. Uma uya elabhorethri, umhlengikazi noma uchwepheshe welabhorethri uzothatha isampula encane yegazi emthanjeni osengalweni yakho ngesirinji encane. Kuthatha imizuzu embalwa kuphela futhi kuzwakale sengathi kuhlatshwa yintuthwane encane. Ngemva kwalokho, ungaya ekhaya ngendlela evamile. Isampula yegazi ihlolwa elabhorethri kusetshenziswa umshini bese umbiko uyalungiswa.
Lokho okushiwo umbiko we-CBC kanye nenani elimaphakathi
Kulungile, manje ake sibheke izingxenye ezibaluleke kakhulu zalo mbiko nokuthi zisho ukuthini. Ngibeke lokhu etafuleni elingezansi ukuze ukuqonde kalula. Khumbula, lezi 'zindinganiso ezijwayelekile' zingahluka kancane kusuka elabhorethri kuya kwelebhu, kuye ngobudala nobulili.
| Yini ehlolwayo (uphawu) | Incazelo elula | Ibanga Lokubhekisela |
|---|---|---|
| Amaseli amhlophe egazi (ama-WBC) | Kufana nephoyisa lomzimba. Lisivikela ezifweni ngokulwa namagciwane. Okuningi kwalokhu kungaholela ekuthelelekeni. Kumbalwa kakhulu okungandisa ingozi yesifo. | Amaseli angu-4,500 - 11,000 nge-microliter ngayinye |
| Amaseli egazi abomvu (ama-RBC) | Bathatha umoya-mpilo emaphashini bawusakaze emzimbeni wonke. Uma lokhu sekuphelile, kuvela isimo esibizwa ngokuthi "i-anemia". | Owesilisa: 4.5 - 5.9 million/mcL Abesifazane: 4.1 - 5.1 million/mcL |
| I-Hemoglobin (i-Hb noma i-Hgb) | Lena yiprotheni egcina umoya-mpilo ngaphakathi kwamangqamuzana abomvu egazi. Lena yinto eyinhloko elinganisa i-anemia. | Amadoda: 14 - 17.5 gm/dL Abesifazane: 12.3 - 15.3 gm/dL |
| I-Hematocrit (Hct) | Ikutshela ukuthi yiliphi iphesenti legazi lakho elenziwe ngamaseli abomvu. Uma liphansi, ungase ube ne-iron ephansi. Uma liphezulu, ungase uphelelwe amanzi emzimbeni. | Abesilisa: 41.5% - 50.4% Abesifazane:35.9% - 44.6% |
| I-MCV (Umthamo Ophakathi We-Corpuscular) | Usayizi ojwayelekile weseli elibomvu legazi. Uma likhulu kakhulu, kungaba uphawu lokuntuleka kwevithamini B12 noma i-folate. Uma likhulu kakhulu, kungaba uphawu lokuntuleka kwegazi, njengokuntuleka kwensimbi. | 80 - 96 |
| Ama-platelet | Lawa maseli asiza ekumiseni ukopha futhi avimbe igazi uma kukhona ukulimala. | 150,000 - 450,000/mcL |
Kubaluleke kakhulu: Ungahluleli isimo sakho ngokusekelwe kumanani akuleli thebula. Udokotela wakho kuphela ongahlaziya lo mbiko ngokunembile futhi awuhlanganise nezinye izimpawu zakho kanye nezimo zempilo ukuze afinyelele esiphethweni esinembile. Lesi sihloko sikunikeza ukuqonda okuyisisekelo kwalokhu.
Yini enye engaba khona embikweni we-CBC?
Ngezinye izikhathi, uma udokotela efuna ukubheka ngokujulile isimo sakho, uzogxila emininingwaneni embalwa embikweni we-CBC. Nakuba amagama abo kunzima ukuwabiza, lokho abakushoyo kulula kakhulu.
- I-MCH (i-Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin): Lokhu kubhekisela enanini elimaphakathi le-hemoglobin engqamuzaneni elilodwa elibomvu legazi.
- I-MCHC (Isilinganiso Sokuhlushwa Kwe-Hemoglobin Ye-Corpuscular): Ilinganisa ukuhlushwa kwe-hemoglobin kumthamo othile wegazi.
- I-RDW (Ububanzi Bokusabalalisa Amaseli Abomvu): Ibonisa ukuthi ubukhulu bamaseli akho abomvu buhluke kangakanani. Akuwona wonke amaseli anobukhulu obufanayo.
- Inani lama-reticulocyte: Lilinganisa inani lamaseli abomvu egazi angakavuthwa, noma asanda kwakheka, emzimbeni.
- I-MPV (Umthamo Ophakathi Weplatelet): Usayizi ojwayelekile wamaplatelet akho.
- I-PDW (Ububanzi Bokusabalalisa Ama-Platelet): Ibonisa ukuthi ubukhulu bama-platelet buyahlukahluka kangakanani.
- Umehluko Wamaseli Amhlophe Egazi: Kunezinhlobo ezi-5 zamaseli amhlophe egazi (ama-neutrophils, ama-lymphocyte, ama-monocyte, ama-eosinophils, ama-basophils). Lokhu kuhlolwa kukhombisa ukuthi zingaki izinhlobo ezahlukene ezikhona ngokwehlukana. Lokhu kunganikeza umbono ocacile wezinto ezifana nokutheleleka noma ukungezwani komzimba.
Udokotela uthola ukuqonda ngempilo yakho iyonke ngokuthatha konke lokhu. Ngakho-ke ungakhathazeki uma inani elilodwa embikweni liphezulu noma liphansi. Kungaba yisimo sesikhashana.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-CBC iyisivivinyo esibaluleke kakhulu nesiyisisekelo esihlinzeka ngolwazi mayelana namaseli egazini lakho.
- Lokhu kunganikeza izinkomba mayelana ne-anemia, izifo ezithathelwanayo, kanye nezinye izinkinga eziningi zempilo.
- Ungakhathazeki uma umbiko wakho ukhombisa inani elingaphandle 'kwebanga elijwayelekile'. Kungaba nezizathu eziningi zalokhu.
- Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukukhombisa udokotela wakho umbiko wakho we-CBC bese umcela incazelo. Ungawubheki nje ku-inthanethi noma uzame ukuzixilonga wedwa.
- Uma ungakuqondi lokho udokotela wakho akuchazayo, ungesabi ukubuza imibuzo futhi. Kuyilungelo lakho ukwaziswa ngempilo yakho.
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