O! Ucezu lodaka lungene esweni... noma uzipho lomntwana omncane lungene esweni... Lezi zinto zike zenzeke kithi okungenani kanye empilweni yethu. Uma lokho kwenzeka, iso liba bomvu, izinyembezi zigeleza, futhi kubuhlungu kakhulu kangangokuthi asikwazi nokulivula, kuyethusa. Esikhathini esiningi, okwenzekayo esimweni esinjalo ukuthi ulwelwesi olubonakalayo phambi kweso lethu, i-cornea, luyaklwebheka kancane. Lokhu yilokho esikubiza ngokwezokwelapha ngokuthi 'ukuklwebheka kwe-corneal'. Ungakhathazeki, sizokhuluma ngalokhu ngokucacile nangokulula namuhla.
Kalula nje, kuyini ukuklwebheka kwe-cornea?
Cabanga ngeso lakho njengekhamera. I-cornea yingxenye efana nengilazi yekhamera emboza ilensi. Lena i-membrane ecacile ngokuphelele, ebushelelezi phambi kwe-pupil kanye nengxenye enemibala yeso lethu (iris). Kufana nengilazi ebusweni bewashi. Yilapho ukukhanya kungena khona okokuqala. Yingakho kubaluleke kangaka.
Lolu ngqimba olungaphezulu lwe-cornea, silubiza ngokuthi `(epithelium)` uma luklwebheka ngesizathu esithile, silubiza ngokuthi ukuklwebheka kwe-cornea . Ngisho noma kungukuklwebheka okuncane, amehlo ethu azwela kakhulu, ngakho-ke kungaba buhlungu kakhulu. Kodwa into engcono kakhulu ukuthi, iningi lale miklwebhe liyaphola ngokushesha. Kodwa-ke, uma ingelashwa kahle, ingatheleleka futhi ibe yingozi.
Yiziphi izimpawu esizibonayo uma amehlo ethu ebomvu?
Izimpawu zokukhuhlana kwe-cornea zingahluka kancane kumuntu nomuntu. Kodwa-ke, kunezimpawu ezivamile. Ake sibheke ukuthi ziyini.
| Isibonakaliso | Kuzwakala kanjani? (Indlela Okuzizwa Ngayo) |
|---|---|
| Ubuhlungu bamehlo | Ubuhlungu obukhulu lapho uvula amehlo noma uthatha isinyathelo. Ngezinye izikhathi kubuhlungu kakhulu kangangokuthi awukwazi ukugcina amehlo akho evulekile. |
| Ukuzizwa sengathi kukhona okuthile emehlweni | Kuzwakala sengathi kukhona okunamathele esweni lakho, njengesihlabathi noma ucezu lwenhlabathi. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uwageza kangakanani amehlo akho, umuzwa ngeke uphele. |
| Izinyembezi zigeleza emehlweni | Amehlo agcwele izinyembezi njalo. Umzimba uzama ukuhlanza lowo mhlaba ngezinyembezi. |
| Umbono ofiphele | Ukubona kuyafiphala, njengokungathi kusenkungwini . Lokhu kungahluka kuye ngokuthi indawo okuklwebheke kuyo. |
| Ukubomvu kweso | Ingxenye emhlophe yeso iba bomvu. Lokhu kuyindlela yokusabela ekulimaleni. |
| Ukuzwela ukukhanya (i-Photophobia) | Kuba nzima ngisho nokubuka ukukhanya okuvamile. Lapho ilanga liphuma futhi izibani zicima, amehlo ami azizwa sengathi aphenduka abe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. |
| Ukuvuvukala kwamehlo | Ukuvuvukala okuzungeze iso noma ijwabu leso. |
Iso lingaklwebheka kanjani kanje? Yiziphi izimbangela eziyinhloko?
Kungaba nezizathu eziningi zokucasuka kwamehlo. Ezinye izinto zingenzeka ngezindlela esingakaze sizicabange.
- Into engavamile engena esweni: Lena imbangela evame kakhulu.
- Uthuli, isihlabathi, nomhlabathi: Lokhu kungangena emehlweni akho uma usendleleni noma ngosuku olunomoya.
- Uthuli lwezinkuni, uthuli lwensimbi: Uma usebenza endaweni efana nesitolo sokusebenza ngokhuni noma igaraji, kunethuba elikhulu lokuthi lezi zinhlayiya zizongena emehlweni akho uma usebenza ngaphandle kwezibuko zokuphepha.
- Amaqabunga esihlahla: Uma usebenza engadini noma usika amagatsha, ngisho neqabunga elincane noma induku kungangena esweni lakho bese kuliklwebha.
- Ngenxa yemisebenzi yethu:
- Izinzipho: Ungaziluma izinzipho zakho uma uziklwebha amehlo. Kuvamile kakhulu ukuthi abazali bafake izinzipho zabo emehlweni abo, ikakhulukazi uma bephethe izingane ezincane bese ziqhuma.
- Amabhulashi okuzilungisa: Ibhulashi elisetshenziswa ngabesifazane ukufaka izimonyo lingangena ngaphakathi kweso.
- Ukusetshenziswa kwama-contact lens:
- Ukugqoka amalensi uma amehlo akho omile.
- Ukusebenzisa amalensi angalingani kahle neso.
- Ukucindezela amehlo akho kakhulu lapho ususa noma ufaka amalensi.
Uma kwenzeka okuthile emehlweni ethu, sonke sivame ukuhlikihla amehlo ethu. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kungabangela ukuthi i-cornea yonakale nakakhulu ngisho nayingcezu encane yemfucumfucu engaphakathi kweso. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukungahlikihli amehlo akho phakathi nalesi sikhathi.
Lokhu kumane nje kuwukuklwebheka, kukhona yini okufanele ukwesabe? Ingabe izinkinga zingaba khona?
Esikhathini esiningi, cishe ama-99% esikhathi, imihuzuko emincane ye-cornea iphola ngokwayo phakathi nosuku olulodwa noma ezimbili. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi amangqamuzana angaphezulu e-cornea aphinde avuseleleke ngokushesha okukhulu.
Kodwa-ke, kwezinye izimo, ikakhulukazi uma ukuklwebheka kujule, noma uma into engcolile (njengokungcola noma ukugqwala) ingena esweni, noma uma ukwelashwa kwephuza, kungase kube nezinkinga ezithile.
- I-Keratitis: Lokhu ukutheleleka kwe-cornea. Kungabangelwa ukutheleleka kwebhaktheriya noma isikhunta. Lesi yisimo esibi kakhulu esingalimaza umbono wakho.
- Izilonda ze-cornea: Ukutheleleka okungalashwanga kungabangela isilonda esivulekile ku-cornea. Nakuba lokhu kuphola, ngezinye izikhathi kungashiya izibazi, ezingalimaza umbono unomphela.
- I-Iritis: Lokhu ukuvuvukala kwengxenye enombala yeso (iris). Kungabangela ubuhlungu obukhulu kanye nokuzwela ukukhanya.
- I-Recurrent Erosion Syndrome: Ngezinye izikhathi, noma ngabe inxeba libonakala sengathi selipholile, ungqimba olungaphezulu lwe-cornea luba buthakathaka bese luqala ukuklwebheka kaningi ngaphandle kwesizathu esibonakalayo (ikakhulukazi lapho uvula amehlo ekuseni). Lesi yisimo esibuhlungu kakhulu.
Yingakho kubalulekile ukubona udokotela uma uthola umkrwelo esweni lakho , kunokuba ukushaye indiva njengento encane.
Udokotela ukuthola kanjani lokhu?
Uma uya kudokotela onesifo samehlo , uzoqala ngokukubuza imibuzo embalwa. "Kwenzeke kanjani lokhu?", "Yiziphi izinkinga?", "Uhlobo luni lomsebenzi owenzayo?", njll., ukuze uthole umbono wesimo.
Bese, iso liyahlolwa. Kusetshenziswa imishini ekhethekile kulokhu.
- Ukuhlolwa kwesibani esiqhekekile: Lesi yithuluzi elinamandla kakhulu elifana ne-microscope elikhulisa iso lakho futhi likuvumela ukuthi ubone ngisho nemihuzuko emincane kakhulu ku-cornea yakho. Lingahlola nokuthi akukho yini okunamathele ngaphakathi kwejwabu leso lakho.
- Ukuhlolwa kodayi we-fluorescein:Lokhu ukuhlolwa okuthakazelisayo kakhulu. Udokotela uzofaka amaconsi aphuzi esweni lakho. Ungakhathazeki, ngeke kube buhlungu. Ngemva kokufakwa kwamaconsi, uma kukhona ukuklwebheka noma kuphi ku-cornea, le dayi izomuncwa kuphela yileyo ndawo yenxeba. Ngemuva kwalokho, uma ukhanyisa ukukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kuyo, indawo lapho ukuklwebheka kukhona khona kuphela ezokhanya ngokuluhlaza. Ngemuva kwalokho ungabona ukuthi ukuklwebheka kukhulu kangakanani nokuthi kujule kangakanani.
Iphathwa kanjani? Futhi yini esingayenza ekhaya?
Ukwelashwa kuqala ngokuhlanza iso.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi, ungalokothi ugcobe amehlo akho! Ukugcoba kungenza ngisho nomkrwelo omncane ube mkhulu, futhi ukungcola okungaphakathi kungalimaza kakhulu i-cornea.
Izinto ongazenza kuqala
- Ukugeza amehlo: Hlanza amehlo kahle ngamanzi ahlanzekile noma ngesisombululo sikasawoti, esingathengwa ekhemisi.
- Ukucwayiza: Qhwayiza amehlo akho izikhathi ezimbalwa. Lokhu kuzosiza ekususeni noma yikuphi ukungcola okuncane kanye nezinyembezi.
- Ukudonsa ijwabu elingaphezulu phansi: Bamba ijwabu elingaphezulu bese ulidonsela phansi phezu kwejwabu elingezansi. Lokhu kungandisa ukugeleza kwezinyembezi esweni futhi kusize ekususeni udoti.
Uma ubuhlungu nokungakhululeki kwamehlo kungapheli ngemva kokwenza lezi zinto, qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela.
Ukwelashwa kwezokwelapha
- Ukususa into: Uma kukhona okubhajwe ngaphakathi kweso, udokotela uzofaka amaconsi aqeda izinhlungu esweni bese ewasusa ngokucophelela ngethuluzi elikhethekile noma i-cotton swab ukuze aqede ubuhlungu.
- Ama-antibiotic: Ukuze uvimbele ukutheleleka, udokotela wakho angase akunike amaconsi noma amafutha asetshenziswa njenge-antibiotic. Isibonelo, unganikwa imithi efana ne-Erythromycin noma i-Ciprofloxacin. Kufanele usebenzise lokhu ngesikhathi udokotela wakho akutshele sona.
- Ama-Painkiller: Ukuklwebheka okuncane kungase kungadingi ama-painkiller. Kodwa-ke, uma ubuhlungu bukhulu, udokotela wakho angase akunike umuthi wokuqeda ubuhlungu noma amaconsi amehlo ukuze kusizwe ekunciphiseni ubuhlungu.
- Ilensi yokuxhumana yebhandeji: Ngezinye izikhathi, ikakhulukazi uma umkrwelo mkhulu, udokotela uzofaka ilensi yokuxhumana ekhethekile esweni lakho efana nebhandeji. Lokhu kuzonciphisa ubuhlungu uma uhlikihla iso lakho futhi kusize inxeba ukuthi liphole ngokushesha. Uma ufaka ilensi yokuxhumana efana nale, kuzodingeka ubuye ngemva kosuku olulodwa noma ezimbili ukuze uhlolwe.
Ungazivikela kanjani ekucindezelweni kwamehlo?
Bathi, “Ukuvimbela kungcono kunokwelapha.” Leso sisho siyiqiniso ngokuphelele emehlweni. Uma ulandela izinyathelo ezimbalwa ezilula zokuqapha, ungagwema izingozi ezinjalo ngezinga elikhulu.
| Amathuba / Ingozi | Isinyathelo okufanele sithathwe |
|---|---|
| Ukusebenza ngokhuni, ukusebenza ngensimbi, ukushisela, ukusebenzisa umshini wokugaya | Qiniseka ukuthi ugqoka izibuko/izibuko zokuphepha. Kwenze kube umkhuba lokhu. |
| Ukutshala ingadi, ukugunda utshani, ukuthena | Kungumqondo omuhle ukugqoka izibuko zokuphepha, ikakhulukazi uma usebenzisa imishini. |
| Ukudlala imidlalo efana nekhilikithi, i-hockey, ibhola lezinyawo | Gqoka izibuko zamehlo ezifanele njengoba izinto ezifana nebhola noma ilulwane zingashaya amehlo akho. |
| Ukusetshenziswa kwama-contact lens |
|
Kufanele uye nini ngempela kudokotela? Kufanele uye nini eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU)?
Uma uzwa noma yikuphi ukungakhululeki emehlweni akho, ungakushayi indiva. Ezimweni ezilandelayo, kufanele nakanjani ufune iseluleko sezokwelapha.
Bheka udokotela ngokushesha:
- Ngisho noma ugeza amehlo akho, umuzwa wokuthi kukhona okubambeke emehlweni akho awupheli.
- Uma umbono wakho ufiphele.
- Uma ubuhlungu buqhubeka buba bubi kakhulu.
- Uma ungazizwa ungcono ngemva kwamahora angu-24 uthatha umuthi owunikezwe udokotela.
Yiya eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela ngokushesha:
Kunezimo ezithile lapho, esikhundleni sokufuna udokotela ojwayelekile, kudingeka uye e -Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) yesibhedlela esiseduze ngokushesha okukhulu.
- Uma kukhona okubhajwe esweni lakho: Isibonelo, uma ukholelwa ukuthi into ebukhali, njengocingo noma ingilazi, ibhajwe esweni lakho, ungazami ukuyisusa wena leyo nto.
- Uma kukhona ubuhlungu obukhulu, obungabekezeleleki.
- Uma umbono wakho unyamalala ngokuzumayo noma uba lufifi kakhulu.
- Uma igazi noma olunye uketshezi luvuza esweni.
- Uma ikhemikhali ingena esweni lakho: Isibonelo, i-asidi, i-bleach, njll. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, hlanza iso lakho ngamanzi ahlanzekile isikhathi eside ngangokunokwenzeka (okungenani imizuzu eyi-15-20) ngaphambi kokuya ku-ETU.
Amehlo ethu ayimpahla yethu eyigugu kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, kungumthwalo wethu wemfanelo ukuwanakekela. Ungalokothi unqikaze ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha uma kudingeka, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ubhekene nezinto ezincane kangakanani.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ukuklwebheka kwe-cornea kuwukuklwebheka engxenyeni engaphambili yeso esobala. Lesi yisimo esivamile.
- Uma ungena ukungcola noma okuthile esweni lakho, ungalokothi ukuhlikihle noma ukucindezele. Okokuqala, hlanza ngamanzi ahlanzekile.
- Nakuba imihuzuko eminingi iphola zingakapheli izinsuku ezimbili, kubalulekile ukubona udokotela ukuze uvimbele ukutheleleka futhi uthole ukwelashwa okufanele.
- Lezi zinhlobo zezingozi zingavinjelwa ngokwenza umkhuba ukugqoka izibuko zokuphepha lapho usebenza ngokhuni, usebenza ngensimbi, usebenza engadini, noma kwezemidlalo ethile.
- Uma uzwa ubuhlungu obukhulu, ukulahlekelwa umbono ngokuzumayo, ukulunywa iso, noma ukuchaphazeka kwamakhemikhali, hamba ngokushesha eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) .
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