Ngakho-ke, njengoba isizini yemvula iphinde yanda, wonke umuntu uthola umkhuhlane nokukhwehlela. Ukuba nekhala elivalekile usuku lonke, ukukhwehlela nobuhlungu besifuba, kanye noketshezi kuyinkathazo yangempela, akunjalo? Ngakho-ke, ngezikhathi ezinjengalezi, abaningi bethu baya ekhemisi bayothenga ikhambi elilodwa lokukhwehlela, umkhuhlane, kanye nomkhuhlane. Namuhla, sizokhuluma ngomunye umuthi ohlanganisiwe osetshenziswa njalo. Uqukethe izithako ezintathu eziyinhloko. I-Dextromethorphan, i-Guaifenesin, kanye ne-Pseudoephedrine.
Kalula nje, uyini lo muthi?
Lokhu kuyinhlanganisela yezinhlobo ezintathu zemithi. Njengezithako esitsheni, ngasinye salezi sinomsebenzi ohlukile. Ake sibone ukuthi ziyini.
- I-Dextromethorphan: Lokhu kusebenza ngokulawula ukukhwehlela kwakho. Ubuchopho bethu bunesikhungo esithumela izimpawu zokubangela ukukhwehlela. Lo muthi usebenza ngokukhubaza kancane leso sikhungo, umise ukukhwehlela okubuhlungu nokomile okuvame ukubuya.
- I-Guaifenesin: Lokhu kwaziwa ngokuthi 'i-expectorant'. Kalula nje, isebenza ngokunciphisa ulwelwesi olujiyile nolunamathelayo esifubeni sakho, ukulukhulula, nokusiza ukuthi luphume kalula. Uma ulwelwesi selukhululiwe, ukuqina nokungakhululeki esifubeni sakho kuzoncipha kakhulu.
- I-Pseudoephedrine: Lona umuthi 'wokukhulula ukuminyana'. Lokhu kusho ukuthi uma unomkhuhlane, imithambo yegazi emincane engaphakathi kwekhala lakho iyavuvukala, okubangela ukuthi ikhala lakho livaleke. Lo muthi usebenza ngokunciphisa lokho kuvuvukala, ukuhlanza ukuminyana kwekhala lakho, nokwenza kube lula ukuphefumula.
Kodwa kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi lo muthi ulawula izimpawu okwesikhashana kuphela. Ngeke welaphe noma yikuphi ukutheleleka emzimbeni wakho, njengokutheleleka ngamagciwane.
Izinto okudingeka uzitshele udokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuthatha lo muthi
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukwazisa udokotela wakho ngesimo sakho sempilo ngaphambi kokusebenzisa noma yimuphi umuthi. Ikakhulukazi ngaphambi kokuthatha lo muthi, qiniseka ukuthi utshela udokotela wakho uma unezinye zezimo ezilandelayo:
- Isifo sikashukela
- Ubunzima bokuchama (isb., ukukhulisa i-prostate)
- I-Glaucoma
- Umfutho wegazi ophezulu noma isifo senhliziyo
- Isifo sesibindi
- Uma une-allergy ku-Dextromethorphan, i-Guaifenesin, i-Pseudoephedrine, noma yimuphi omunye umuthi, ukudla, noma idayi equkethwe kulo muthi.
- Uma ukhulelwe noma uzama ukukhulelwa.
- Uma ungumama oncelisayo.
Ngokusekelwe kulolu lwazi, udokotela wakho uzonquma ukuthi lo muthi ukulungele yini, noma ukuthi kudingeka enye indlela.
Uyisebenzisa kanjani kahle le mithi?
Ukuze uthole okuningi ngomuthi, udinga ukuwusebenzisa kahle.
- Gwinya leli philisi lonke ngengilazi yamanzi. Ungalichobozi noma ulihlafune. Lokhu kungabangela ukuthi umuthi umunceke emzimbeni ngokushesha kakhulu, ikakhulukazi uma ubhalwe ukuthi 'ER' (Extended Release).
- Uma uzwa ubuhlungu besisu noma isilungulela ngemva kokuthatha umuthi, thatha kanye nokudla noma ingilazi yobisi.
- Thatha umthamo onqunyiwe, ngesikhathi onqunyiwe udokotela wakho. Kubalulekile ukuwuthatha ngesikhathi. Ungalokothi uthathe ngaphezu komthamo onqunyiwe.
- Uma unikeza izingane: Qiniseka ukuthi ukhuluma nodokotela wezingane mayelana nokunikeza izingane lo muthi. Kungadingeka ukunakekelwa okukhethekile.
- Uma uneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-60 ubudala: Abantu abadala bangase bazizwe kakhulu imiphumela yale mithi. Ngakho-ke ungadinga umthamo ophansi. Buza udokotela wakho ngalokhu.
Yini okufanele uyenze uma uthatha umuthi omningi kakhulu? (Umthamo oweqile)
Uma ucabanga ukuthi ngephutha uthathe umuthi omningi kunalokho okucabangayo, thatha isinyathelo ngokushesha. Into engcono kakhulu ongayenza esimweni esinjalo ukushayela ucingo iNational Poisons Information Centre eNational Hospital eColombo. Noma uye eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela esiseduze. Ungachithi isikhathi.
Kuthiwani uma ngiphuthelwa umthamo wemithi?
Uma ukhohlwa ukuthatha umthamo, thatha ngokushesha nje lapho ukhumbula. Kodwa-ke, uma sekuyisikhathi somthamo wakho olandelayo, yeqa umthamo ophuthelwe bese uthatha umthamo wakho olandelayo ngesikhathi esihleliwe. Ungalokothi uthathe umthamo ophindwe kabili ukuze ubuyisele umthamo okhohliwe.
Yimiphi eminye imithi engasebenzisana nalo muthi?
Lena yingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu. Eminye imithi ingabangela ukusabela okukhulu uma ithathwa ngalo muthi wokukhwehlela. Ngakho-ke tshela udokotela wakho ngayo yonke imithi oyithathayo.
| Uhlobo lomuthi | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Ungawuthathi lo muthi kanye nanoma yimuphi omunye umuthi. | |
| Imithi ye-MAOI | Lena imithi evame ukusetshenziswa ukwelapha izimo ezifana nokucindezeleka (isib. i-Carbex, i-Eldepryl, i-Marplan, i-Nardil, i-Parnate). Akuyona into enhle ukuthatha lo muthi wokukhwehlela ngisho noma amasonto amabili ngemva kokuyeka le mithi. |
| Ama-Alkaloid e-Ergot | Eminye imithi esetshenziselwa i-migraines iwela kulesi sigaba (isb. i-ergotamine). |
| Imithi yokuvuselela | Eminye imithi inikezwa isifo sokuntuleka kokugxila (ADHD), ukwehlisa isisindo, noma ukuqwasha. |
| Kungase kube nokusebenzisana nalo muthi (funa iseluleko sikadokotela) | |
| Imithi yokucindezela kwegazi | I-Pseudoephedrine ingashintsha ukusebenza kahle kwemithi yomfutho wegazi. |
| Eminye imithi yomkhuhlane | Uma ithathwa neminye imithi yokukhwehlela kanye neyomkhuhlane, eminye imithi efanayo ingamuncwa emzimbeni. |
| I-Digoxin, i-Caffeine, i-Theophylline | Imithi yezimo ezifana nesifo senhliziyo kanye ne-asthma. Qaphela futhi ikhofi, itiye, kanye neziphuzo zamandla eziqukethe i-caffeine. |
Lolu hlu aluphelele, ngakho tshela udokotela wakho ngayo yonke imithi, amavithamini, kanye nemikhiqizo yamakhambi oyithathayo.
Ezinye izinto okufanele uzicabangele lapho uthatha umuthi
- Uma izimpawu zakho zingathuthuki ngemva kwezinsuku ezi-5, noma uma ziba zimbi kakhulu (isib. umkhuhlane uyanda, ukukhwehlela kuba kubi kakhulu), bona udokotela wakho ngokushesha.
- Abanye abantu bangase babe nenkinga yokulala ebusuku ngemva kokuthatha lo muthi. Uma lokhu kuyinkinga, thatha umthamo wokugcina wosuku emahoreni ambalwa ngaphambi kokulala.
- Ukuze amafinyila akhululeke futhi aphume kalula, udinga ukugcina izinga lamanzi lihle emzimbeni wakho.
Phuza amanzi amaningi usuku lonke ngenkathi uthatha lo muthi. Lokhu kuzosiza ekunciphiseni amafinyila futhi kunciphise ukuminyana kwesifuba.
Yimiphi imiphumela emibi engaba khona?
Njenganoma yimuphi umuthi, lo ungabangela imiphumela emibi kwabanye abantu. Eminye iyingozi, eminye ivamile.
| Imiphumela emibi kakhulu okufanele ibikwe kudokotela wakho ngokushesha | |
|---|---|
| Ukusabela kokungezwani komzimba | Ukuqubuka kwesikhumba, ukulunywa, ukuvuvukala kobuso, izindebe, ulimi. |
| Izinguquko ekushayeni kwenhliziyo | Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile noma ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile. |
| Izinguquko zengqondo | Ukungaphumuli, ukwesaba, ukukhathazeka, ukuthuthumela, ukubona/ukuzwa izinto ezingezona ezangempela (ukuphupha). |
| Ezinye izimpawu ezinkulu | Umfutho wegazi ophakeme, umkhuhlane, ubunzima bokuphefumula, ukuxhuzula, ubunzima bokuchama, ukukhathala okukhulu. |
| Imiphumela emibi evame ukungabi mibi kakhulu, kodwa okufanele ibikwe kudokotela uma iqhubeka | |
| Izinkinga zesistimu yokugaya ukudla | Ukuphazamiseka kwesisu, isicanucanu, izinhlungu zesisu, ukulahlekelwa yisifiso sokudla. |
| Ezinye izifo ezincane | Ikhanda elibuhlungu, ukozela okuncane. |
Ngingayigcina kuphi imithi?
Gcina lo muthi kude nezingane . Gcina endaweni yokushisa yegumbi (phakathi kuka-15-30 Celsius), kude nokukhanya nomswakama. Lahla umuthi ophelelwe yisikhathi.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ngaphambi kokuthatha lolu hlobo lomuthi ohlanganisiwe, qiniseka ukuthi utshela udokotela wakho uma unezinye izimo zezokwelapha ezifana nomfutho wegazi ophakeme, isifo sikashukela, noma isifo senhliziyo.
- Landela umthamo kanye nenqubo echazwe udokotela wakho. Ungalokothi uthathe okungaphezu komthamo onconywayo.
- Lomuthi uqeda izimpawu kuphela futhi awuqedi ukutheleleka okuyisisekelo. Uma izimpawu zingathuthuki ezinsukwini ezimbalwa noma uma ziba zimbi kakhulu, funa iseluleko sikadokotela.
- Funa usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha uma kuvela imiphumela emibi kakhulu (ukushaya kwenhliziyo okukhulu, ubunzima bokuphefumula, ukungaphumuli okukhulu).
- Kubaluleke kakhulu ukwazisa udokotela wakho ngayo yonke eminye imithi oyithathayo.
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