Ingabe ukhona emndenini wakho onenkinga yokunyakaza njengesifo sikaParkinson? Noma ingabe udokotela wakho wake wakutshela noma othile omaziyo ngohlobo lomuthi olubizwa ngokuthi ama-dopamine agonists? Igama lingase lizwakale liyinkimbinkimbi kancane, kodwa ungakhathazeki. Namuhla sizokhuluma ngalo ngendlela elula kakhulu ongayiqonda. Funda lokhu njengokungathi ukhuluma nomngane.
Kalula nje, ziyini lezi zidakamizwa ze-dopamine?
Ukuze siqonde lokhu, ake siqale sifunde kancane ngendlela ubuchopho bethu obusebenza ngayo. Sinamaseli ohlelweni lwethu lwezinzwa. Lawa maseli ayaxhumana, noma akhuluma, komunye nomunye ngamakhemikhali akhethekile. Siwabiza ngokuthi ama-neurotransmitter. Lawa afana nezithunywa.
Cabanga ukuthi iseli lethu lezinzwa lingumnyango onefudu. Ukuze livule lowo mnyango, lidinga ukhiye ofanele. Ngokufanayo, iseli ngalinye linento ebizwa ngokuthi 'ama-receptor' ebusweni balo, njengofudu. Ama-neurotransmitter afana nezihluthulelo ezifanela lawo mafudu. Njengoba nje uma ufaka ukhiye, ifudu liyavuleka bese umnyango uyavuleka, lapho i-neurotransmitter ixhuma kwi-receptor, iseli liyasebenza.
I-Dopamine iyisihluthulelo esibaluleke kakhulu ebuchosheni bethu, i-neurotransmitter. Uma ufunda okuthile, uma uzizwa ujabule futhi wanelisekile, le dopamine yiyo edala leyo mizwa. Futhi, i-dopamine ibalulekile ukuze imisipha yethu ihambe kahle.
Manje ake singene esihlokweni sethu. Bayini ama-Dopamine Agonists ? Kalula nje, lezi izidakamizwa ezisebenza njenge-dopamine . Empeleni, aziyona i-dopamine, kodwa amangqamuzana ethu obuchopho akhohlisiwe. Ukuma kwala ma-molecule ezidakamizwa kufana kakhulu nama-molecule e-dopamine kangangokuthi angena ngqo kuma-receptor kulawo maseli esiwashilo. Ngakho-ke, uma uthatha lesi sidakamizwa, siyavula iminyango okudingeka i-dopamine ivuleke. Ngamanye amazwi, le mithi yenza into efanayo ne-dopamine. Amangqamuzana ethu awawazi umehluko phakathi kwalokhu okubili.
Ama-agonist e-dopamine angamakhemikhali afana ne-dopamine futhi enza into efanayo ne-dopamine, kodwa akuwona i-dopamine. Kufana nokhiye ophindwe kabili owusebenzisayo uma ulahlekelwa ukhiye wokuqala.
Yini eyenziwa yi-dopamine emizimbeni yethu nasezimweni zezokwelapha ezisebenzisa lo muthi?
I-Dopamine ayisizi nje kuphela ngokunyakaza kwemisipha. Iyadingeka futhi ukulawula ezinye izinqubo eziningi ezibalulekile emizimbeni yethu. Isibonelo:
- Umsebenzi wenhliziyo
- Umsebenzi wezinso
- Umsebenzi we-Pancreas
- Umsebenzi we-pituitary gland
- Uhlelo lwethu lwe-endocrine
- Uhlelo lokugaya ukudla
- Izinhlelo zokuzala zabesifazane nabesilisa
Ngakho-ke cishe ungaqonda ukuthi zingaki izinkinga ezingavela uma amazinga e-dopamine emzimbeni ehla. Ama-dopamine agonists asetshenziselwa ukwelapha izimo eziningi ezibangelwa ukuntuleka kwe-dopamine.
Bheka ithebula elingezansi ukuze uthole ukuthi yiziphi izinhlobo zezimo zezokwelapha le mithi esetshenziselwa zona kakhulu.
| Ukugula noma inkinga | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| Isifo sikaParkinson kanye nezimpawu ezihlobene naso | Isifo esibonakala ngokuthuthumela nobunzima bokuhamba, okubangelwa ukubhujiswa kwamangqamuzana akhiqiza i-dopamine ebuchosheni. |
| Isifo Semilenze Engaphumli | Ukungakhululeki emilenzeni, ikakhulukazi ebusuku, kanye nesifiso esingalawuleki sokunyakaza imilenze. |
| Amazinga aphezulu e-hormone i-prolactin (i-Hyperprolactinemia) | Amazinga aphezulu kakhulu e-hormone i-prolactin, esiza ekukhiqizeni ubisi, angabangela izinkinga zomjikelezo wokuya esikhathini kanye nokungabi nabantwana. |
| I-Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome | Umphumela omubi ongathi sína, osongela ngisho nokuphila, ongenzeka kaningi ngemithi esetshenziswa ukwelapha ezinye izifo zengqondo. |
| Umfutho wegazi ophakeme (Inkinga Ephezulu Kakhulu) | Kwezinye izimo, lolu hlobo lomuthi lusetshenziselwa ukulawula umfutho wegazi ophakeme ngendlela eyingozi. |
| Isifo Sikashukela Sohlobo 2 | Amanye ama-agonist e-dopamine asiza ukulawula amazinga kashukela egazini kubantu abanesifo sikashukela. |
| Izinkinga zomjikelezo wokuya esikhathini | Isetshenziselwa ukwelapha izimo ezinjengokuphela kokuya esikhathini ngokuphelele (i-amenorrhea) noma ukuncipha kwenani lezikhathi zokuya esikhathini ngonyaka (i-oligomenorrhea) . |
Yiziphi izinzuzo zokusebenzisa le mithi?
Ama-agonist e-dopamine awawona nje uhlobo lomuthi olunikezwayo. Kunezinzuzo eziningana ezicacile zokuwasebenzisa.
- Imiphumela ephumelela kakhulu: Ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuthi le mithi iyasebenza kakhulu ekwelapheni izimo eziningi esixoxe ngazo ngenhla.
- Ingasetshenziswa ezimweni ezahlukahlukene: Njengoba ubona, lezi zingasetshenziswa ezimweni eziningi ezahlukene, kusukela ezinkingeni zokunyakaza kobuchopho kuya ezinkingeni zamahomoni.
- Ukuhambisana neminye imithi: Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu. Isibonelo, uma i-dopamine agonist inikezwa kanye nomuthi kaParkinson 'iLevodopa', kungenzeka ukunciphisa umthamo we-levodopa. Ngisho noma umthamo uphansi, imiphumela eminingi ingatholakala. Lokhu kunciphisa nemiphumela emibi ye-levodopa.
- Ukusindisa impilo: Esimweni esiyingozi esibizwa ngokuthi 'i-Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome' esixoxe ngaso ngenhla, imithi ye-dopamine agonist ingasiza ekusindiseni impilo.
Izingozi kanye nezinkinga ezingaba khona (imiphumela emibi)
Njenganoma yimuphi umuthi, ama-dopamine agonists angabangela eminye imiphumela emibi. Akuwona wonke umuntu oyitholayo, futhi kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi ivele njengoba umthamo ukhuphuka. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela lokhu.
Imiphumela emibi evamile
Lena imiphumela emibi evame kakhulu:
- Ukuqunjelwa
- Isiyezi
- Ikhanda elibuhlungu
- Ubuhlungu besisu
- Ukungalingani kwesigqi senhliziyo (i-arrhythmia)
- Isicanucanu nokuhlanza
- Uma usukuma ngokuzumayo, amehlo akho aphenduka aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka bese uzizwa sengathi uzoquleka (i-Orthostatic hypotension)
- Ukunyakaza okufana nokudikiza kwemisipha okungalawulwa
Izinguquko zengqondo nezokuziphatha ezingase zenzeke ngokusetshenziswa isikhathi eside
Uma usebenzisa lo muthi isikhathi eside, kungase kube nezinguquko ezithile engqondweni nasekuziphatheni.
- Ukudideka kwenkumbulo nokucabanga
- Ukucindezeleka
- Izinkinga zokulawula umfutho
- Ukuba matasa noma ukujabula ngendlela engavamile (i-Mania)
- Izimpawu ezifana ne-psychosis, njengokubona noma ukuzwa imibono engekho
- Ukulala ngokweqile emini kanye nokuhlaselwa ubuthongo ngokuzumayo
Izinkinga zokulawula umfutho
Lokhu kuwumphumela ongemuhle okufanele sikhathazeke ngawo kakhulu. Njengoba i-dopamine ihlotshaniswa nenjabulo nokwaneliseka kwethu, lapho lolu hlelo lukhuthazwa yile mithi, abanye abantu bangase balahlekelwe ukuzithiba. Okusho ukuthi, bangase balingeke ukwenza izinto abangakwazi ukuzilawula.
Cabanga nje, ngemva kokuba umuntu ovame ukungabi nasithakazelo ekugembuleni eqale ukusebenzisa lesi sidakamizwa, uqala ukugembula ngokungalawuleki. Bakwenza kuze kube yilapho belahlekelwa yimali yabo yonke. Omunye umuntu angase azizwe sengathi ufuna ukuthenga ngokungalawuleki. Kanti abanye bangase babe nobulili obufanayo.
Uma wena noma othile omaziyo ebona lolu hlobo lwezinguquko zokuziphatha ngemuva kokuqala lo muthi, akukho okufanele ube namahloni ngakho. Kungaba umphumela omubi womuthi. Ngakho-ke, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngakho ngokushesha.
Kwenzekani uma uyeka ukuthatha imithi ngokuzumayo? - I-Dopamine Agonist Withdrawal Syndrome (DAWS)
Lokhu futhi kubaluleke kakhulu. Ungalokothi uyeke ukuthatha lo muthi ngokuzumayo noma wehlise umthamo ngaphandle kweseluleko sikadokotela wakho. Ukwenza kanjalo kungabangela isimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-Dopamine Agonist Withdrawal Syndrome (DAWS). Lokhu akulona umlutha womuthi, kodwa ukusabela okwenzeka lapho umzimba usujwayele umuthi futhi uyeka ukuwuthatha ngokuzumayo.
Kulesi simo, izimpawu ezilandelayo zingase zivele:
- Ukukhathazeka nokuhlaselwa uvalo
- Ukujuluka ngokweqile (i-diaphoresis)
- Ukungahlaliseki
- Ukukhathala ngokweqile
- Ubuhlungu bomzimba
- Isicanucanu
- Ukuzizwa unesizungu lapho umile (i-Orthostatic hypotension)
Kunezici eziningana ezandisa ingozi yokuthola lesi simo se-DAWS. Bheka ithebula elingezansi.
| Isici sengozi | Ingozi ye-DAWS |
|---|---|
| Ukusetshenziswa kwemithamo ephezulu yama-dopamine agonists. | Uma kukhona enye yalezi zici, ingozi ingu- 30% . Uma kunezici ezimbili, ingozi ingu- 70% . Uma zonke lezi zinto ezintathu zikhona, ingozi ingu- 92% . |
| Ukuba nezinkinga zokulawula ukushukuma komzimba ngesikhathi uthatha imithi. | |
| Njengoba ngithole ukushukunyiswa okujulile kobuchopho ngaphambilini. |
Ingabe zikhona izimo lapho le mithi kungafanele ithathwe khona?
Yebo, kunezimo ezithile lapho le mithi ingafanele ukusetshenziswa. Udokotela wakho uzocabangela zonke lezi zici ngaphambi kokukunikeza umuthi. Kodwa kuhle ukuthi nawe ukwazi lokhu.
- Ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa nokuncelisa: Le mithi ingavimbela ukukhiqizwa kobisi lwebele (ukuncelisa). Ngakho-ke, ayinconywa phakathi nalezi zikhathi.
- Uma unomfutho wegazi ophakeme (umfutho wegazi ophakeme): Amanye ama-dopamine agonists angakhuphula umfutho wegazi.
- Ingozi yokuthola izimo ezithile zohlobo lwe-fibrosis: Kukhona ingozi yokuthola izimo ezifana ne-pulmonary fibrosis, ikakhulukazi ngama-dopamine agonist amadala (asekelwe ku-ergot).
- Isifo sezinso noma sesibindi: Imithi isuswa emzimbeni yizinso nesibindi. Abantu abanezifo zalezi zitho bangase babe nalo muthi oqongelelana emizimbeni yabo, okwandisa ingozi yemiphumela emibi.
- Uma uthatha eminye imithi ethile: Le mithi ayikwazi ukuthathwa uma uthatha imithi ebizwa ngokuthi 'i-monoamine oxidase inhibitors' (MAOIs), ikakhulukazi leyo esetshenziselwa ukugula ngengqondo.
- Uma uke waba ne-psychosis ngaphambilini: Laba bantu basengozini enkulu yokubhekana nokuphindaphinda kwalezi zimpawu ngale mithi.
Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-Dopamine ne-Dopamine Agonists?
Umuntu angase azibuze, uma i-dopamine iphansi, kungani i-dopamine ngokwayo ingenakunikezwa ngqo njengomuthi, futhi kungani kunikezwa umuthi osebenza kanje? Kunezizathu eziningana zalokho.
1. Isithiyo Segazi Nobuchopho: Ubuchopho bethu buqaphile kakhulu. Abuvumeli konke okusegazini kungene ebuchosheni. Bunesihlungi esivikelayo esibizwa ngokuthi 'isithiyo segazi nobuchopho'. Kufana 'nonogada wobuchopho'. I-dopamine enikezwa ngaphandle ayikwazi ukudlula lo nogada iye ebuchosheni. Kodwa-ke, ama-dopamine agonist angadlula lo mkhawulo angene ngqo ebuchosheni.
2. Imiphumela emibi: Uma i-dopamine inikezwa ngqo njengomjovo, ingabangela imiphumela emibi eminingi engafuneki ngoba ithinta umzimba wonke. Ama-dopamine agonists aklanyelwe ukusebenza ngendlela eqondiswe kakhulu.
3. Ukusetshenziswa kwesikhathi eside:Esifweni sikaParkinson, kunikezwa umuthi obizwa ngokuthi 'iLevodopa'. Ungena ebuchosheni bese uphenduka i-dopamine. Kodwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, umthamo walowo muthi udinga ukwanda, bese imiphumela emibi iyanda. Ngakho-ke, ngokusebenzisa ama-dopamine agonists ezigabeni zokuqala zesifo, kungenzeka ukubambezela ukuqala kwe-levodopa. Lokhu kusiza isiguli ukuthi sihlale kahle isikhathi eside.
Uma wena noma othile omaziyo enikiwe le mithi, ungakhathazeki. Lena imithi ewusizo engathuthukisa kakhulu ikhwalithi yempilo yakho uma isetshenziswa kahle. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuxhumana njalo nodokotela wakho nokukhuluma ngokukhululekile nganoma yiziphi izinkinga noma imiphumela emibi.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ama-agonist e-dopamine awuhlobo lomuthi olingisa isenzo se-dopamine ebuchosheni futhi uyindlela yokwelapha ephumelela kakhulu yezifo eziningi, njenge-Parkinson's.
- Le mithi ingabangela imiphumela emibi evamile njengesiyezi kanye nesicanucanu, kanti kwabanye abantu, ingabangela nemiphumela emibi kakhulu njengobunzima bokulawula izifiso (ukugembula, ukuthenga ngokweqile).
- Uma wena noma othile omaziyo ebona noma yiziphi izinguquko ezingavamile ekuziphatheni kwakhe ngenkathi ethatha lo muthi, ungabi namahloni futhi utshele udokotela wakho ngokushesha.
- Ungalokothi uyeke ukuthatha lo muthi ngokuzumayo noma ushintshe umthamo ngaphandle kweseluleko sikadokotela. Ukwenza kanjalo kungabangela izimpawu ezinkulu zokuhoxa.
- Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngokukhululekile ngaso sonke isikhathi. Mtshele nganoma yikuphi ukungakhululeki noma imiphumela emibi obhekene nayo. Ngemuva kwalokho angakunikeza ukwelashwa okufanele kakhulu.
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