Ukuphila ne-HIV kungaba yinselele ngezinye izikhathi, kodwa uyazi ukuthi ngokwelashwa okufanele, ungaphila impilo evamile nenempilo. Kubalulekile ukuqonda imithi oyithathayo phakathi nalolu hambo lokwelashwa. Namuhla, sikhuluma ngenhlanganisela ekhethekile yemithi emithathu yokulwa namagciwane engasiza ekulawuleni i-HIV. Ake sibheke ukuthi iyini, isebenza kanjani, nokuthi yini okudingeka uyiqaphele.
Ake sithole ukuthi lo muthi uyini ngempela.
Kalula nje, lokhu kuyinhlanganisela yemithi emithathu. Okusho ukuthi, yonke imithi emithathu yokulwa namagciwane , i-Emtricitabine, i-Rilpivirine, kanye ne-Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate, iqukethwe ephilisini elilodwa. Ezweni lakithi, lo muthi ungatholakala ngaphansi kwegama lomkhiqizo elithi `Complera`.
Umsebenzi wayo oyinhloko ukunciphisa inani legciwane le-HIV (umthwalo wegciwane) emzimbeni wakho, ukuqinisa amasosha omzimba wakho, nokukusiza uhlale uphilile.
Khumbula: Lo muthi uyindlela yokwelapha i-HIV, hhayi ikhambi. Futhi, lo muthi unciphisa ingozi yokudlulisela i-HIV kwabanye, kodwa awuwuvimbeli ngokuphelele. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqhubeka nokulandela izindlela eziphephile.
Izinto okudingeka uzitshele udokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuqala imithi
Ngaphambi kokunquma ukuthi lo muthi ukulungele yini, udokotela wakho kuzodingeka azi umlando wakho wezempilo ophelele. Qiniseka ukuthi utshela udokotela wakho uma unezinye zezimo ezilandelayo:
| Isimo sakho | Kungani kubalulekile ukwazisa udokotela? |
|---|---|
| Izinkinga zamathambo (isib. i-osteoporosis) | Umuthi i-Tenofovir ngezinye izikhathi ungathinta ukuqina kwamathambo. |
| Isifo sezinso | Njengoba le mithi ikhishwa emzimbeni ngezinso, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukusebenza kwezinso zakho. |
| Isifo sesibindi, ikakhulukazi i-Hepatitis B | Izimpawu ze-Hepatitis B zingase zibe zimbi kakhulu uma lo muthi uyekwa. Ukusebenza kwesibindi nakho kungathinteka. |
| Ukucindezeleka noma imicabango yokuzibulala | Udokotela kufanele aqaphele ezinye zezithako ezikulo muthi, njengoba zingabangela ushintsho lwemizwa. |
| Isifo senhliziyo | Kubalulekile ukuthi udokotela aqaphele izimo ezithile zenhliziyo. |
| Ukungezwani neminye imithi, ukudla, noma izinto ezithile | Lokhu kubalulekile ukwazi uma une-allergy kunoma yini ekulo muthi. |
| Ukukhulelwa noma ukukhulelwa | Kufanele uxoxe nodokotela wakho ngokusetshenziswa kwalo muthi ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. |
| Ukuncelisa | Ukuncelisa akukhuthazwa komama abanegciwane lesandulela ngculazi, ngakho-ke khuluma nodokotela wakho ngalokhu. |
Ngingawusebenzisa kanjani umuthi?
Ukuze uthole okuningi kulo muthi, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuwusebenzisa ngendlela efanele.
- Thatha kanye nokudla: Thatha leli philisi kanye nengilazi yamanzi kanye nokudla . Ungalithathi esiswini esingenalutho. I-Rilpivirine imuncwa kangcono ngumzimba uma ithathwa kanye nokudla.
- Yithathe ngesikhathi: Yenza umkhuba wokuthatha imithi yakho ngesikhathi esifanayo nsuku zonke. Lokhu kuzosiza ukugcina amazinga omuthi egazini lakho elingana.
- Ungayeqi imithamo: Into ebaluleke kakhulu ekwelashweni kwe-HIV ukuphuza imithi yakho ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa yimithamo eyodwa. Ngisho noma uzizwa ungcono, ungayeki ukuphuza imithi yakho kuze kube yilapho udokotela wakho ekuyala ukuthi uyenze.
- Kungani kungalungile ukweqa imithamo? Uma weqa imithamo, igciwane lingakhula ukumelana nalo muthi. Uma lokho kwenzeka, kuzoba nzima ukulawula igciwane ngalo muthi kanye neminye imithi ye-HIV.
Kuthiwani uma ngiphuthelwa umthamo?
Uma ukhohlwa ukuthatha umthamo, thatha ngokushesha nje lapho ukhumbula. Kodwa-ke, uma sekuyisikhathi somthamo wakho olandelayo lapho ukhumbula (isibonelo, ngaphansi kwamahora ayi-12), yeqa umthamo ophuthelwe bese uthatha umthamo wakho olandelayo ngesikhathi esihleliwe. Ungalokothi uthathe umthamo ophindwe kabili.
Kuthiwani uma ngiphuza umuthi omningi kakhulu?
Uma ucabanga ukuthi uthathe lo muthi omningi kakhulu ngephutha, ungesabi. Shayela ngokushesha i-National Poisons Information Centre e-Colombo National Hospital. Noma uye e-Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) yesibhedlela esiseduze.
Eminye imithi engase ihlangane nalo muthi (Ukusebenzisana Kwezidakamizwa)
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukutshela udokotela wakho ngayo yonke imithi, amavithamini, kanye nemithi yendabuko oyithathayo, njengoba eminye imithi ingathinta ukusebenza kahle kwalo muthi we-HIV.
| UNGAYITHATHI le mithi nanoma yini. | |
|---|---|
| Imithi ye-PPI ye-gastritis | Imithi efana ne-Esomeprazole, i-Omeprazole, i-Lansoprazole, ne-Pantoprazole. Le mithi inciphisa kakhulu ukumuncwa kwemithi ye-HIV emzimbeni. |
| Eminye imithi enikezwayo yokwelapha isithuthwane (imithi yokuquleka) | Izidakamizwa ezifana neCarbamazepine, iPhenobarbital, nePhenytoin. |
| I-Rifampin, i-Rifapentine | Lawa ngama-antibiotic anikezwa isifo sofuba. |
| I-wort kaSt. John | Kungumkhiqizo wezitshalo zempilo yengqondo. |
| I-Dexamethasone | (Uma uthatha imithamo engaphezu kweyodwa ngesikhathi). |
| Uma uthatha lokhu, qiniseka ukuthi utshela udokotela wakho (YAZISA UDOKOTELA WAKHO) | |
| Eminye imithi ye-gastritis (ama-antacid, ama-H2-blockers) | Ama-antacid afana ne-Digene, i-Gaviscon noma imithi efana ne-Famotidine, i-Cimetidine. Lokhu kufanele kuthathwe amahora ambalwa ngaphambi noma ngemva kokuthatha imithi ye-HIV. |
| Amanye ama-antibiotic kanye nama-antifungal | Imithi efana neClarithromycin neKetoconazole. |
| I-Methadone | Ukwelashwa kokulutheka kwezidakamizwa. |
Imiphumela emibi engase ivele lapho uthatha umuthi
Njenganoma yimuphi umuthi, lo muthi ungabangela imiphumela emibi kwabanye abantu. Eminye mincane, kanti eminye idinga ukunakekelwa okusheshayo.
Imiphumela emibi kakhulu okufanele ibikwe kudokotela ngokushesha:
- Ukusabela okukhulu kwesikhumba: umkhuhlane, izinhlungu zomzimba, ukuqubuka okubomvu, isikhumba esinamaqhubu noma esiqhekekayo. Ukuvuvukala kobuso, izindebe, kanye namaqhubu amancane entanyeni noma emakhwapheni.
- Ukusabela kwe-allergic: ukuqubuka kwesikhumba, ukulunywa, ama-hives.
- Izimpawu zokulimala kwesibindi: umchamo ophuzi omnyama noma onsundu, ukuphuzi kwamehlo nesikhumba, ubuhlungu engxenyeni engenhla kwesokudla yesisu, ukukhathala okukhulu, isicanucanu.
- Izimpawu zokulimala kwezinso: Ubunzima bokuchama noma ushintsho enanini lomchamo okhiqizwayo.
- Izimpawu ze-Lactic Acidosis: ubunzima bokuphefumula, ubuhlungu bemisipha, ubuhlungu besisu obungavamile, isicanucanu, ukuhlanza, isiyezi.
- Izinguquko zengqondo: ukucindezeleka okukhulu, imicabango yokuzibulala, ukukhathazeka.
- Izinguquko ekushayeni kwenhliziyo: Ukuzizwa sengathi inhliziyo yakho ishaya ngokushesha noma ngokungajwayelekile.
Imiphumela emibi evame ukungabi mibi kakhulu, kodwa okufanele ibikwe kudokotela uma iqhubeka:
- Ukuphazamiseka kokulala noma amaphupho angavamile
- Ikhanda elibuhlungu
- Uhudo
- Izinguquko kumbala wesikhumba (ikakhulukazi izintende zezandla nezinyawo)
- Izinguquko endleleni amafutha omzimba abekwa ngayo (isib., ukwanda kwamafutha azungeze isisu, umhlane, kanye nesinqe, ukuncipha kwamalungu).
Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi ezinye izimpawu ezingavamile ezingashiwongo kulolu hlu, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngazo futhi.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Lo muthi uwukwelashwa okulawula i-HIV, kodwa awuyelaphi ngokuphelele.
- Thatha umuthi ngesikhathi esifanayo nsuku zonke, kanye nokudla . Ungalokothi weqe ukudla.
- Qiniseka ukuthi utshela udokotela wakho ngayo yonke eminye imithi, amavithamini, kanye nezinye izimo zezokwelapha ozithathayo.
- Funa usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha uma uhlangabezana nanoma yimiphi imiphumela emibi, njengokusabela okukhulu kwesikhumba, ukuphuzi kwamehlo, ubuhlungu obukhulu besisu, noma izinguquko zengqondo.
- Lo muthi unikezwe wena kuphela. Ungalokothi uwuhlanganyele nabanye.
- Ukuxhumana njalo nodokotela wakho kanye nokuya emitholampilo njengoba kuhleliwe kubaluleke kakhulu enhlalakahleni yakho.
👩🏽⚕️ Imibuzo eyengeziwe (ama-FAQ)
💬 I-Emtricitabine, i-Rilpivirine, kanye ne-Tenofovir (i-Tenofovir / i-Odefsey, i-Complera) isetshenziselwani?
Lokhu kuyinhlanganisela ye-ART ephumelela kakhulu - i-Antiretroviral Therapy kanye nemithi emithathu yakamuva ephilisini elilodwa (i-Single-tablet Regimen) etholakala emakhemisi ukulwa negciwane 'le-AIDS / HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus)'! Ngemva kokuthatha leli philisi kanye ngosuku (nokudla), livimbela igciwane le-HIV ukuthi lingaphindaphindeki egazini ngo-100%, lilawule igciwane libe umthwalo wegciwane ongabonakali.
💬 Leli philisi (i-Complera/Odefsey) liyivimba kanjani ngokuphelele igciwane lesandulela ngculaza ukuthi lingaphindaphindeki (lidluliseleke)?
Ukuze igciwane liphinde liphindaphindeke, kudingeka lingene kwelinye lamaseli ethu bese likopisha umyalezo walo wokuqala (i-RNA) ku-DNA yethu. Umshini osetshenziswa yileli gciwane kulokhu yi-enzyme i-Reverse Transcriptase. Leli philisi livela kuzo zombili izinhlangothi futhi lifaka 'izinto ezingalungile (NRTI/Emtricitabine/Tenofovir)' kanye 'namatshe okuvimba (NNRTI/Rilpivirine)' kulowo mshini. Ngemuva kwalokho igciwane le-HIV alikwazi ukuphinda liphindaphindeke futhi libe buthaka.
💬 Yimiphi imiphumela emibi eyinhloko kanye nezingozi eziyingozi kakhulu (Isexwayiso Sebhokisi Elimnyama) ezingaba khona uma uthatha leli philisi le-HIV?
Ingozi enkulu yale mithi emithathu ivela ku-Tenofovir! Lokhu kungabangela ukuthi amathambo esiguli ancibilike/aphuke kalula (Ukulahlekelwa amathambo / I-Osteoporosis) nezinso ziyeke ngokuphelele (i-Lactic acidosis / Ubuthi Bezinso). Futhi, ungalithathi leli philisi uma 'ulambile ngaphandle kokudla (isisu esingenalutho)' nganoma yisiphi isizathu! (I-Rilpivirine ayimuncwa emzimbeni, umuthi awusebenzi)!
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