Kuyini i-episiotomy? Uyasaba yini ukusikwa okwenziwe ngesikhathi sokubeletha?

Njengomama okhulelwe, ungase ube nemibuzo eminingi kanye nokwesaba. Kuvamile ukuzizwa wesaba kancane, ikakhulukazi uma uzwa izindaba ezinjengokuthi "ukusika" kanye "nokuthunga" ngesikhathi sokubeletha. Abantu abaningi bayakwesaba lokhu, kodwa uma usukwazi kahle ukuthi kuyini, ukuthi kuqedwe nini, nokuthi ungakunakekela kanjani ngemva kwalokho, ukwesaba kwakho kuzonyamalala kakhulu. Ngakho-ke namuhla, ake sixoxe ngale nto ebizwa ngokuthi i-episiotomy.

Kuyini ngempela i-episiotomy?

Kalula nje, i-episiotomy ukusikwa okuncane okwenziwa udokotela wakho endaweni ephakathi komgodi wesitho sakho sangasese sowesifazane kanye ne-anus yakho (le ndawo ibizwa ngokuthi i-perineum ngokwezokwelapha) ukuze kube lula ngengane yakho ukuphuma. Lokhu kusikwa kwenza umgodi wesitho sakho sangasese sowesifazane ube mkhulu kancane, okwenza kube lula ngengane yakho ukuphuma.

Kodwa lokhu akuyona into eyenzeka kuwo wonke umuntu. Ngezinye izikhathi, ngaphandle kokusikwa, indawo ye-perineum ingadabuka kancane lapho umntwana ephuma. Lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi ukukhala kwemvelo `(ukukhala kwe-perineal)` noma `(ukusikwa)`.

Ngakho-ke, kunini lapho kudingeka khona i-episiotomy?

Manje, nakuba lokhu kusikwa kungenziwa njalo, ngezinye izikhathi kuyadingeka ukuze wena nomntwana wakho niphephe. ​​Udokotela uzokwenza isinqumo esinjalo kuphela uma ebona ukuthi kuyindlela ephephile kakhulu kuwe nomntwana wakho.

Nazi ezinye izimo ezinjalo:

• Uma ingane isesimweni esibucayi: Esimweni esiphuthumayo, njengalapho ukushaya kwenhliziyo kwengane kwehla, udinga ukukhipha ingane ngokushesha okukhulu. Lokhu kusikwa kungenziwa ukuze inqubo ibe lula.
• Uma ukhathele kakhulu: Uma ukhathele kakhulu ngemva kokusunduza amahora amaningi futhi ungenawo amandla okusunduza, ungakwenza lokhu ukusiza ingane ukuba iphume.
• Uma udinga ukusebenzisa ama-forceps noma amadivayisi okuhlanza: Ngezinye izikhathi lawa madivayisi adinga ukusetshenziswa ukususa umntwana. Uma kungekho ndawo eyanele esithweni sangasese sowesifazane yokufaka la madivayisi, lokhu kusikwa kuyadingeka ukuze kudalwe isikhala.
• Uma umntwana esesimweni esihlukile: uma umntwana ephethe isisu noma uma amahlombe omntwana enamathele (i-shoulder dystocia), lokhu kusikwa kungadingeka ukuze kwenziwe isikhala esikhulu ukuze umntwana aphume.
• Uma ingane ikhuluphele ngokweqile (usana olukhulu): Uma ingane inkulu kunokujwayelekile, kungase kungabi nendawo eyanele yokuphuma.
• Uma ungakwazi ukulawula ukusunduza kwakho:Ngezinye izikhathi, uma ucindezela ngokushesha kakhulu futhi ngaphandle kokulawula, i-perineum ingalimala kakhulu. Ezimweni ezinjalo, udokotela angase anqume ukwenza i-incision encane ukulawula umonakalo.

Kungani kungcono ukuyidabula yodwa kunokuyisika?

Esikhathini esidlule, odokotela babecabanga ukuthi ngokwenza i-incision, kuzophola kahle futhi kuvimbele ukudabuka okukhulu. Kwakukhona nenkolelo yokuthi kuzonciphisa izinkinga kamuva njengokungakwazi ukuzibamba komchamo.

Kodwa ucwaningo olusha luthole ukuthi uma kwenziwa i-episiotomy, ukusikwa kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi kudabuke kakhulu kunalokho obekulindelekile . Futhi, ukudabuka kwemvelo kuvame ukuphola ngaphandle komonakalo omkhulu. Yingakho odokotela manje bezama ukuvumela inqubo yenzeke ngokwemvelo ngangokunokwenzeka.

Le nqubo yokusikwa yenzeka kanjani?

Lokhu kwenziwa ngesikhathi sesigaba sesibili sokubeletha, okuyilapho ikhanda lomntwana liqala ukuphuma esithweni sangasese sowesifazane (ukuqholwa komqhele).

1. Ama-Painkillers: Okokuqala, uzonikezwa ama-painkillers ukuze unciphise ubuhlungu. Uma usuvele une-epidural, ngeke udinge amanye ama-painkillers ngoba umhlane wakho ongezansi usuvele uphelelwe amandla. Ngaphandle kwalokho, udokotela uzofaka inani elincane le-anesthetic yendawo ku-perineum ukuze ayiqede amandla.

2. Ukwenza i-incision: Lapho nje ikhanda lomntwana licindezela i-perineum, udokotela wenza i-incision esebenzisa isikele esikhethekile se-episiotomy.

3. Ukususwa komntwana kanye ne-placenta: Ngemva kokusikwa, umntwana uyaphuma, bese kususwa i-placenta.

4. Ukuthunga: Ekugcineni, udokotela uzosebenzisa uhlobo lokuthunga oluncibilika ngokuzenzakalelayo ukuvala ukusika. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, uzohlola usayizi wokusika nokuthi ngabe kukhona yini ezinye izinkinga.

Yiziphi izinhlobo zokusikwa?

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zokusikwa.

Ziyini 'izinga' lokusikwa noma ukudabuka?

Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ukudabuka kwemvelo noma ukusikwa kwe-episiotomy, kuhlukaniswa kusukela ku-1 kuya ku-4 kuye ngokuthi kubucayi kangakanani.

• Izinga lokuqala: Ukudabuka okuncane okuthinta kuphela ungqimba oluncane lwesikhumba phezu kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane.
• Izinga lesibili: Ukudabuka okudlulela ezicutshini ezingaphansi kwesikhumba. Iningi lezicucu ze-episiotomy liwela kulesi sigaba.
• Izinga lesithathu: Ukudabuka okudlulela ezicutshini zesitho sangasese sowesifazane kungene ku-sphincter yendunu.
• Izinga lesine: Leli yizinga elibucayi kakhulu. Kulesi simo, ukudabuka kudlulela emsipheni we-rectal kuye odongeni lwe-rectal.

Kubuhlungu kangakanani i-episiotomy?

Kodwa-ke, ngemva kokuba ukuba ndikindiki sekuphelile, kuvamile ukuzwa ubuhlungu endaweni okuthungwe kuyo izinsuku ezimbalwa, nokuzizwa ungakhululekile lapho uhamba noma uhleli.

Yiziphi izingozi nezinkinga ze-episiotomy?

Njenganoma yikuphi ukuhlinzwa, kunezingozi ezithile ezihilelekile. Kodwa khumbula, ezinye zalezi zingozi zingavela ngisho noma kudabukile ngokwemvelo.

• Ukopha
• Ukutheleleka kwesilonda somthungo
• Ubuhlungu ngesikhathi socansi ngemva kokwelashwa (i-dyspareunia)
• Ukulimala kwemisipha ye-rectum
• Ukushiya isilonda
• Ubunzima bokulawula umchamo
• Kuthatha isikhathi eside ukuphulukiswa

Izinto ongazenza ekhaya ukusiza izithungo ziphole ngokushesha

Kuvamile ukuba nobuhlungu nokungakhululeki amasonto ambalwa ngemva kokususwa kwezithungo zakho. Kunezinto ezilula ongazenza ekhaya ukusiza ekunciphiseni lokhu kungakhululeki nokusheshisa ukululama kwakho.

• Faka iphakethe leqhwa: Ukuze unciphise ukuvuvukala nobuhlungu, faka ama-ice cubes ambalwa asongwe ngendwangu ehlanzekile endaweni lapho kufakwe khona izithungo cishe imizuzu eyi-10-15. Yenza lokhu izikhathi eziningana ngosuku.
• Geza umbhede ohlala phansi: Lokhu kuyasiza kakhulu. Gcwalisa indishi enkulu ngamanzi afudumele bese uhlala kuyo cishe imizuzu eyi-15-20. Lokhu kuzonciphisa ubuhlungu, kuthuthukise ukujikeleza kwegazi, futhi kusize inxeba ukuthi liphilise ngokushesha. Kungcono ukwenza lokhu kabili noma kathathu ngosuku.
• Sebenzisa ibhodlela le-peri: Isibhedlela sizokunikeza elilodwa lalawa. Noma ungasebenzisa ibhodlela lamanzi ahlanzekile. Ngemva kokusebenzisa indlu yangasese, gcwalisa ibhodlela ngamanzi afudumele bese ugeza ngobumnene indawo lapho kukhona khona izithungo. Lokhu kuzogcina indawo ihlanzekile futhi kunciphise umuzwa wokushisa lapho uchama.
• Iziqeda-zinhlungu: Thatha umuthi wokuqeda izinhlungu, njenge-paracetamol, njengoba udokotela wakho ekuyalele.
• Hlala phezu komcamelo wedonathi: Ukuhlala phezu komcamelo wedonathi kungabangela ubuhlungu njengoba izitishi ziwuthinta. Ukuhlala phezu komcamelo onembobo phakathi kuzonciphisa ingcindezi endaweni lapho izitishi zikhona.
• Hlala uhlanzekile: Shintsha njalo ama-sanitary pad akho futhi ugcine indawo yomile futhi ihlanzekile.

Ngingaphinde ngilale nini futhi?

Isilonda sivame ukuphola emavikini angaba yi-6. Kodwa-ke, ngemva kokuvakasha kwakho kwangemva kokubeletha kwamasonto ayi-6, kufanele uthintane nodokotela wakho futhi ulale naye futhi ngemva kokuba ekunike imvume. Kuvamile ukuzwa ubuhlungu noma ukungakhululeki ezinyangeni ezimbalwa zokuqala. Ukusebenzisa i-lubricant esekwe emanzini kungasiza ekunciphiseni lokhu kungakhululeki.

Uma unalezi zimpawu, bona udokotela ngokushesha.

Uma uke wahlinzwa i-episiotomy futhi uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezingezansi, kufanele ubonane nodokotela wakho ngokushesha .