Cabanga ukuthi ubuso bomuntu bonakaliswe kakhulu yingozi enkulu, ukusha, noma ukugula. Ngezinye izikhathi, umonakalo ungaba mkhulu kangangokuthi ngisho nezinto ezilula esizenzayo nsuku zonke, njengokukhuluma, ukudla, nokumomotheka, akunakwenzeka. Kunezikhathi lapho sicindezeleka khona futhi singakwazi ukubhekana nomphakathi. Ngezinye izikhathi ezinjengalezi lapho ukuhlinzwa okuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu okubizwa ngokuthi "Ukufakelwa Kobuso ", okuphawula intuthuko enkulu kwezesayensi yezokwelapha, kuvela khona. Nakuba lokhu kuyinqubo engavamile kakhulu, ingashintsha ngokuphelele impilo yomuntu.
Ubani odinga ukufakelwa ubuso?
Ngokuvamile, umonakalo wobuso ungalungiswa ngezinga elithile ngezinto ezifana nokuhlinzwa kwepulasitiki. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi umonakalo uba mkhulu kangangokuthi awusalungiseki ngokuhlinzwa okuvamile okwakha kabusha. Okusho ukuthi, uma izicubu zobuso zonakele kakhulu, kungacatshangwa ukuthi kufakwe ukufakelwa ubuso.
Kungase kube nezizathu eziningana eziyinhloko zalokhu:
- Izingozi ezinkulu: Ukulimala okukhulu ebusweni ngenxa yezingozi ezinkulu, njengezingozi zezimoto.
- Ukusha: Ukusha okukhulu ebusweni ngenxa yomlilo noma amakhemikhali.
- Izimo zezokwelapha: Ezinye izinhlobo zomdlavuza noma ezinye izifo zingadinga ukususwa kwezingxenye zobuso.
- Ukukhubazeka kokuzalwa: Ukukhubazeka okukhulu kobuso okukhona lapho kuzalwa.
Kalula nje, lokhu kuhlinzwa kuyinto eshintsha impilo yomuntu ohlukanisiwe emphakathini ngenxa yokubukeka kobuso bakhe futhi ongakwazi ukwenza ngisho nemisebenzi eyisisekelo njengokukhuluma, ukuhlafuna, ukugwinya, nokucwayiza.
Ngingakufanelekela kanjani lokhu kuhlinzwa?
Lokhu ukuhlinzwa okuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, ngakho-ke akuyena wonke umuntu ongakwenza. Izibhedlela namaqembu ezokwelapha alandela isethi yezindlela eziqinile kakhulu zalokhu.
| Izidingo zokufaneleka | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Ubudala | Yiba neminyaka ephakathi kuka-18 no-60 ubudala. |
| Ukulimala kwezicubu zobuso | Okungenani u-25% wezicubu zobuso zonakele. |
| Ukuthola imithi | Ukukwazi nokuzimisela ukuthatha imithi yokucindezela amasosha omzimba impilo yakho yonke. |
| Ukukhulelwa | Uma ukhulelwe, okungenani amasonto ayisithupha ngemuva kokubeletha. Vumelana ukuthi awukhulelwa okungenani unyaka owodwa ngemuva kokuhlinzwa. |
| Ezinye izifo | Akukho ukutheleleka okukhulu njenge-HIV noma i-Hepatitis. Akukho mlando womdlavuza noma isifo senhliziyo. |
| Eminye imikhuba | Akubhenywa. |
Kwenzekani ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa?
Lena inqubo ende ehilela izinyathelo eziningana. Okokuqala, kufanele uvunyelwe ukuhlinzwa. Lokhu kuhilela izinto eziningi, njengokuhlolwa kwezokwelapha kanye nokuhlolwa kwempilo yengqondo. Uma usuzimisele ukuba umuntu ofanele, ufakwa "ohlwini lokulinda." Lokhu kusho ukuthi kufanele ulinde kuze kube yilapho kutholakala umnikeli ofanelana naye.
Ngingamfanisa kanjani umuntu onikelayo?
Umnikeli ngumuntu oshonile. Ukunikela ngobuso kwenzeka ngemvume yomndeni walowo muntu. Lena indaba ebucayi kakhulu. Uma ukhetha ubuso obukufanele, izinto ezilandelayo ziyacatshangelwa:
- Uhlobo lwegazi
- Uhlobo lwezicubu
- Umbala wesikhumba
- Ubulili bemvelo
- Ubudala
- Usayizi wobuso
Uma lezi zinto zihambisana kahle ngangokunokwenzeka, ukuhlinzwa kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi kuphumelele. Futhi, odokotela bazohlola ukuthi unesikhumba esinempilo yini kwenye indawo emzimbeni wakho. Uyazi ukuthi kuyini lokho? Sebenzisa uma ukufakelwa kwehluleke ngandlela thile.
Ukulungiselela ingqondo
Udinga ukulungiselela lokhu kuhlinzwa ngokomzimba nangokwengqondo. Odokotela bezengqondo kanye nezisebenzi zezenhlalakahle bazokhuluma nawe futhi bakulungiselele lolu hambo. Ngoba ukuqala ukuphila nobuso obusha kuyinselele enkulu yengqondo.
Ukuhlinzwa kwenziwa kanjani?
Uma izindaba zomdlalo sezitholiwe, konke kwenzeka ngokushesha okukhulu. Ukuhlinzwa kungathatha amahora ayishumi kuya kwangu-30.
Cabanga nje, amaqembu amabili ezokwelapha asebenza emakamelweni amabili okuhlinzwa ngesikhathi esisodwa.
1. Ithimba elilodwa lisusa ngokucophelela izicubu zobuso (isikhumba, imisipha, imizwa, imithambo yegazi, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ngisho namathambo) kumuntu oshonile onikelayo.
2. Elinye iqembu lizokulungiselela ukuhlinzwa. Lizosusa izicubu zakho ezonakele futhi libone imizwa nemithambo yegazi edingekayo ukuze kufakwe ubuso bakho obusha.
Uzonikezwa i-anesthesia ejwayelekile, ngakho-ke uzobe ulele phakathi nokuhlinzwa konke. Ngemva kokususwa kobuso bomnikeli, bugcinwa esixazululweni esikhethekile. Ngemuva kwalokho, odokotela abahlinzayo baqala ngokuxhuma amathambo. Lokhu kwenziwa kusetshenziswa amapuleti e-titanium nezikulufo .
Bese kufika ingxenye enzima. Kusetshenziswa imakroskopu, imithambo yegazi emincane kanye nemizwa evela ebusweni bomnikeli ixhunywe emithanjeni yegazi kanye nemizwa ebusweni bakho. Ekugcineni, imisipha, imisipha, njll. iyaxhunywa, bese isikhumba sithungwa.
Kwenzekani ngemva kokuhlinzwa?
Ngemva kokuhlinzwa, uzongeniswa egunjini lokunakekelwa okujulile (ICU). Kuzothatha isikhathi ukuthi uphinde uqonde. Uma isimo sakho sesizinzile, uzodluliselwa egunjini lokufakelwa.
- Ukululama esibhedlela: Kungase kudingeke uhlale esibhedlela isonto elilodwa kuya kwayisithupha noma ngaphezulu.
- Ukudla: Ekuqaleni, ukudla kunikezwa ngepayipi.
- Ubuhlungu: Kunikezwa imithi yokubulala izinhlungu.
- Ukuvuselelwa: Abelaphi bomzimba bakusiza ukuthi uphinde ukhulume, ugwinye ukudla, futhi ulawule ukubukeka kobuso.
- Ukusekelwa kwengqondo: Odokotela bezifo zengqondo bayaqhubeka nokunikeza ukwesekwa ukuze bakusize ngokwengqondo ujwayele ubuso bakho obusha.
Kuthatha cishe izinyanga ezimbili kuya kwezintathu ukuthi ukuvuvukala kwehle. Kuthatha cishe izinyanga eziyisithupha ukuthi ubuso buphinde buzizwe. Kungathatha cishe unyaka ukuthi imisebenzi eminingi yobuso, njengokumomotheka, ibuye. Lokhu kudinga isineke esikhulu.
Yiziphi izingozi nezinkinga?
Njenganoma yikuphi ukuhlinzwa, kunezingozi. Lena inqubo eyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, ngakho-ke izingozi ziphezulu.
| Izinhlobo eziyinhloko zezingozi | |
|---|---|
| Izingozi ezihlobene nokuhlinzwa |
|
| Ukwenqatshwa kwezicubu | Lena ingozi enkulu kunazo zonke. Kalula nje, amasosha omzimba wakho ayaqaphela lobu buso obusha "njengesitha" bese ebuhlasela. Esinye sezibonakaliso zalokhu ukubonakala kokuqhuma ezindaweni ebusweni bakho. |
| Imiphumela emibi yemithi ecindezela amasosha omzimba | Lezi zidakamizwa zokucindezela amasosha omzimba, okuyimithi evimba ukwenqatshwa kwezicubu, zenza buthaka amasosha omzimba wakho. Lokhu kukwenza ube sengozini enkulu yokuthola ezinye izifo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, le mithi ingalimaza izinso zakho futhi ibangele ezinye izifo ezinkulu, njengesifo sikashukela nomdlavuza. |
Uma kunezimpawu zokwenqatshwa kwezicubu, odokotela bazothatha ucezu oluncane lwesikhumba (i-biopsy) bese bekunikeza imithi enamandla ngemithambo yegazi (IV) ukuze kumiswe ukwenqatshwa. Uma ukwenqatshwa kungalawulwa nganoma iyiphi indlela, kungaba yingozi empilweni. Kodwa-ke, cishe abantu abangu-89% abahlinzwa bayasinda. Kuye kwabikwa ukufa okuningana ngenxa yokutheleleka noma ukwenqatshwa okungalawulwa.
Into ebalulekile ukuthi ubuso obusha obutholayo ngeke bufane ncamashi nobuso bomnikeli, futhi ngeke bufane ncamashi nobuso bakho obudala. Buzoba yinhlanganisela yakho kokubili. Wena nomndeni wakho kudingeka nikuqonde kahle lokhu. Ngaphambi kokwenza noma yisiphi isinqumo ngalokhu, kudingeka nixoxe ngokujulile nethimba lodokotela abangochwepheshe futhi niqaphele zonke izici.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ukufakelwa ubuso kuyindlela eyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu futhi engavamile ukwenziwa lapho kufakelwa khona izicubu zobuso ezivela kumuntu oshonile ukuze kuthathelwe indawo ubuso obonakele kakhulu.
- Kumelwe kuhlangatshezwane nezindinganiso eziqinile zezokwelapha nezengqondo ukuze ufanelekele lokhu kuhlinzwa.
- Ngemva kokuhlinzwa, kuyimpoqo ukuthatha imithi yokucindezela amasosha omzimba futhi ube ngaphansi kokuqashwa kwezokwelapha impilo yakho yonke.
- Izingozi ezinkulu ukwenqatshwa kobuso obusha ngumzimba kanye nokutheleleka.
- Inqubo yokululama inde kakhulu, futhi kokubili ukwesekwa ngokomzimba nangokwengqondo kubalulekile. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuxoxa ngalokhu ngokujulile nodokotela wakho ngaphambi kokwenza noma yiziphi izinqumo ngalokhu.
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