Njengomzali, ungase uzizwe ushaqekile futhi udabuke kakhulu lapho ubona ingane yakho esanda kuzalwa inomfantu omncane endebeni yayo engenhla noma umfantu ophahleni lomlomo wayo. Ungase uzibuze, "Kungani lokhu kwenzeke enganeni yami?" Kodwa ungakhathazeki. Lokhu akukubi njengoba ucabanga, futhi kungelapheka ngokuphelele ngokuhlinzwa. Ake sixoxe ngakho konke kalula nangokucacile.
Kuyini izindebe eziqhekekile kanye nolwanga?
Kalula nje, lokhu kuwukuqhekeka noma ukuqhekeka kodebe olungaphezulu lomntwana kanye nophahla lomlomo. Lokhu kuyisifo sokuzalwa , okusho ukuthi kwenzeka ngesikhathi umntwana esesesibelethweni. Lokhu kuqhekeka kwenzeka lapho izicubu zodebe nophahla lomlomo zingahlangani kahle njengoba izici zobuso bomntwana zikhula.
- I-Cleft Lip: Lokhu kwenzeka lapho izinhlangothi ezimbili zodebe olungaphezulu lomntwana zingahlangani, okushiya isikhala esincane. Lesi sikhala singaba sincane njengomugqa omncane, noma kungaba isikhala esikhulu esihamba siye ekhaleni. Ngezinye izikhathi sithinta nezinsini.
- Ulimi Oluqhekekile : Lokhu kwenzeka engxenyeni engenhla yomlomo, ebizwa ngokuthi ulwanga. Lokhu kungaba selulwangeni oluqinile ngaphambili noma ulwanga oluthambile ngemuva.
Ngokuvamile, zombili lezi zimo zenzeka kanye kanye, kodwa ezinye izingane zingase zibe nomlomo oqhekekile noma ulwanga oluqhekekile kuphela.
Ziyini izinzuzo zalokhu kuhlinzwa?
Lokhu kuhlinzwa akwenziwa nje kuphela ukuze izindebe nomlomo wengane kubukeke kukuhle. Kunezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu kunalokho. Lokhu kuqhekeka kungabangela izinkinga zempilo yengane, njengezinkinga zokuzwa, izinkinga zamazinyo, kanye nobunzima bokukhuluma .
Ngakho-ke, lokhu kuhlinzwa kusiza kakhulu ingane ukuthuthukisa la makhono:
- Ukudla nokuphuza: Uma kukhona umfantu, kunzima ukuthi ingane incele futhi iphuze ebhodleleni. Lokhu kungakhululeki kuzophela ngemva kokuhlinzwa.
- Ukuphefumula : Ngezinye izikhathi, uma kukhona ukuqhekeka ekhaleni , kungaba nobunzima bokuphefumula . Ukuhlinzwa nakho kungakulungisa lokhu.
- Ukuzwa: Umlomo oqhekekile ungabangela izifo zendlebe njalo kanye nokulahlekelwa ukuzwa. Ukuhlinzwa kunganciphisa le ngozi.
- Ukukhuluma: Ulwanga ludlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu uma sikhuluma. Ingane enolwanga oluqhekekile inenkinga yokuphimisela amagama ngokucacile. Ngemva kokuhlinzwaLesi simo singalungiswa ngokuphelele ngokwelashwa ngenkulumo .
Umntwana uhlinzwa eneminyaka emingaki?
Lokhu kuhlinzwa okubili akuvamile ukwenziwa ngesikhathi esisodwa.
Ukuhlinzwa Kwezindebe Ezicwebezelayo
Lokhu kuhlinzwa kuvame ukwenziwa lapho umntwana ephakathi kwezinyanga ezi-3 nezi-6 ubudala . Ngezinye izikhathi, ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa, kwenziwa ukwelashwa okuncane ngemva nje kokuzalwa komntwana ukuze kulungiselelwe izicubu zezindebe ukuze kuhlinzwe. Isibonelo, ukuthayipha izindebe noma idivayisi ekhethekile ebizwa ngokuthi i-nasoalveolar molding (NAM) isetshenziselwa ukubumba ikhala nezinsini. Ezinye izingane zingadinga ukuhlinzwa okwengeziwe kamuva ukuze kubumbe izindebe nekhala.
Ukuhlinzwa Kwe-Cleft Palate
Lokhu kuhlinzwa kuvame ukwenziwa lapho umntwana esenezinyanga ezingaba ngu-12 ubudala . Okusho ukuthi, ngaphambi kokuba umntwana aqale ukukhuluma. Uma ingane inomlomo oqhekekile kanye nomlomo oqhekekile, ukuhlinzwa komlomo oqhekekile kuvame ukwenziwa kuqala . Kungathatha ukuhlinzwa okubili noma ngaphezulu ukulungisa ngokuphelele umlomo oqhekekile. Ukuhlinzwa ezinsinini noma emhlathini kuvame ukwenziwa ngemva kokuba ingane isineminyaka engaba ngu-10 ubudala.
Kwenzekani ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa? Kufanele silungiselele kanjani?
Lokhu akuyona into eyenziwa udokotela oyedwa. Ithimba lodokotela lisebenza enganeni yakho. Lelo thimba lihlanganisa odokotela abahlinzayo, abelaphi bokukhuluma , odokotela bamazinyo kanye nodokotela bamazinyo.
Ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa, udokotela ohlinzayo uzohlangana nawe futhi ahlole ingane yakho ukuze anqume ukuthi yiluphi uhlobo lokuhlinzwa olungcono kakhulu. Cishe isonto ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa, udokotela wezingane wengane yakho uzohlola ingane yakho ukuqinisekisa ukuthi iphilile ngokwanele ukuhlinzwa. Kufanele utshele udokotela nganoma yikuphi ukungezwani komzimba ingane yakho enakho kanye nanoma yimiphi imithi eyithathayo.
Isisu somntwana kumele singabi nalutho ngoba kusetshenziswa i-anesthesia lapho kuhlinzwa. Ngakho-ke, imiyalelo kadokotela mayelana nokudla nokuphuza kumele ilandelwe kahle.
| Imiyalelo yokudla ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa (ejwayelekile) | |
|---|---|
| Ubisi (ubisi oluyimpuphu/ubisi lwenkomo) | Okungenani ngokuhlinzwaKufanele kumiswe ngaphambi kwamahora ayi-6 . |
| Ubisi lwebele | Ngezinye izikhathi kuvunyelwe kuze kube amahora ama-4 ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa. |
| Uketshezi olucacile (amanzi, ijusi le-apula) | Kuvunyelwe ukunikezwa kuze kube amahora ama-3 ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa. |
| Ukudla okuqinile / ukudla kwengane | Kufanele kugwenywe ngemva kwamabili ngosuku lokuhlinzwa. |
Buza udokotela wakho nganoma yimiphi imibuzo noma ukukhathazeka ongase ube nakho. Lokhu kuzokunikeza ukuqonda okucacile kwalokho okuzokwenzeka ngosuku lokuhlinzwa.
Kwenzekani ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa?
Zombili lezi zinqubo zokuhlinzwa zenziwa ngaphansi kwe-anesthesia ejwayelekile . Lokhu kusho ukuthi umntwana ulele ngokuphelele. Umntwana akazizwa ubuhlungu.
Ukuhlinzwa kwezindebe ezicwebezelayo
Umgomo oyinhloko walokhu ukuvala isikhala endebeni bese unikeza udebe oluphezulu nekhala isimo esihle, semvelo. Udokotela wenza imivimbo emincane esikhumbeni kuzo zombili izinhlangothi zesikhala, ahlanganise izingxenye zesikhumba, bese ezithunga ndawonye ngezithungo ezincibilikayo. Lokhu kuhlinzwa kuvame ukuthatha isikhathi esingaphansi kwamahora amabili.
Ukuhlinzwa kwe-Cleft palate
Lokhu kunemigomo eminingana: ukuvala ulwanga oluqhekekile, ukudala ulwanga oluvumela ingane ukuthi ikhulume ngendlela evamile, kanye nokuvimba ukudla nokuphuza ukuthi kungaphumi ekhaleni. Lokhu kuhlinzwa kuyinkimbinkimbi kancane. Udokotela uhlela kabusha izicubu ezinhlangothini zombili zolwanga, avale ulwanga, bese eluthunga ngezithungo ezincibilikayo. Lokhu kuhlinzwa kuthatha cishe amahora amabili kuya kwamathathu.
Yini ongayilindela ngemva kokuhlinzwa?
Ngemva kokuhlinzwa, ingane ingase igule kancane futhi ikhathazeke. Lokhu kuyinto evamile.
Ngemva kokuhlinzwa komlomo oqhekekile:
Izandla zomntwana zifakwa izinti ezithambile ukuze zimvimbe ekufakeni izandla zakhe emlonyeni wakhe futhi zidabule izithungo. Lokhu kungaba yinto engakhululekile kancane kumntwana. Umntwana anganceliswa ibele ngokushesha ngemva kokuhlinzwa. Kodwa-ke, kungase kube nzima kancane ekuqaleni. Kuze kube yilapho umntwana esekwazi ukuphuza yedwa, uketshezi lunikezwa nge -catheter ye-intravenous (IV) . Umntwana ngokuvamile kufanele ahlale esibhedlela ubusuku bonke.
Ngemva kokuhlinzwa kwe-cleft palate:
Ingane kuzodingeka ihlale esibhedlela usuku olulodwa noma ezimbili. Ngemva kokuhlinzwa, uketshezi luzovunyelwa ukuphuzwa kuphela ngendebe. Izipuni notshani ngeke kuvunyelwe. Kuvamile ukuba nokuvuvukala emlonyeni kanye negazi elincane ematheni. Izithungo emlonyeni zizoncibilika emavikini ambalwa. Uma ubuyela ekhaya, uzonikezwa imithi yokwelapha izinhlungu kanye nama-antibiotic ukuvimbela ukutheleleka.
Unakekela kanjani umntwana ngemva kokufika ekhaya?
Udokotela uzokunikeza imiyalelo ecacile yokuthi ungayinakekela kanjani ingane yakho uma usufikile ekhaya. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela leyo miyalelo ngqo.
| Indawo ekhathazayo | Imiyalelo |
|---|---|
| Ngemva Kokuhlinzwa Kwezindebe Ezicwebezelayo | |
| Ukudla neziphuzo | Unganika umntwana ukudla okuxutshwe namanzi amancane. Mnike ngenkomishi. Kuzodingeka usebenzise ibhodlela noma isirinji esikhethekile. Uma umncelisa ngesipuni, buza udokotela wakho. |
| Ukunakekela indlela yokusika | Indawo ezungeze umlomo izovuvukala futhi ibe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka izinsuku ezimbalwa. Hlanza indawo ethintekile ngamanzi afudumele bese uyigcina yomile. Izitishi zizoncibilika ngemva kwesonto noma amabili. Ngemva kwalokho, kuzosala isibazi esipinki. Faka amafutha anconywa udokotela. Qiniseka ukuthi ugqoka isivikelo selanga uma uphuma elangeni. |
| Ngemva Kokuhlinzwa Kwe-Cleft Palate | |
| Ukudla neziphuzo | Amasonto ambalwa, uketshezi kufanele lunikezwe ngendebe eyodwa kuphela. Ungasebenzisi utshani. Nikeza ukudla okuthambile, okucoliwe kuphela. Buza udokotela wakho ngokudla okuqondile. |
| Ukunakekela ingaphakathi lomlomo | Izithungo zizohlala endaweni yazo cishe inyanga yonke. Kujwayelekile ukuba negazi elincane ematheni akho. Umlomo wakho uzovuvukala cishe isonto lonke. Kungase kube nokukhishwa okukhulu kwamakhala, futhi ungase uzwe umsindo wokuhogela. |
| Ubuhlungu | Ubuhlungu bungase buhlale cishe amasonto amabili. Lokhu kungathinta ukudla, ukuphuza, kanye nokulala kwengane. Nikeza imithi yokwelapha ubuhlungu enqunywe udokotela ngesikhathi esifanele. |
Ingabe zikhona izingozi ngalokhu kuhlinzwa?
Njenganoma yikuphi ukuhlinzwa, kunezingozi ezithile ezihilelekile. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kuhlinzwa ngokuvamile kuphephile kakhulu. Izingozi ezinkulu ezingase zenzeke yilezi:
- Ukopha
- Izifo
- Ukusabela okubi ekubulaweni kwe-anesthesia
- Ubunzima bokuphefumula
- Ukuhlinzwa akuphumelelanga ngokuphelele noma kudingeka ukuhlinzwa okwengeziwe.
Udokotela wakho uzokutshela okwengeziwe ngalezi zingozi.
Kufanele simbone nini udokotela ngokushesha?
Udokotela uzohlela ukuvakasha ukuyobona ingane yakho cishe isonto noma amabili ngemuva kokuhlinzwa. Kodwa-ke, uma ubona noma yiziphi izimpawu ezingezansi, kufanele ushayele udokotela wakho ucingo ngokushesha.
| Isimo Esiphuthumayo - funa iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha | |
|---|---|
| Imfiva | Uma izinga lokushisa liphakeme kune-101.4°F (38.55°C), noma uma umkhuhlane ungehli naphezu kokwelashwa. |
| Ubunzima bokuphefumula | Uma isikhumba somntwana siphenduka sibe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka/sibe mhlophe. |
| Ukopha | Uma uphuma igazi eliningi ekhaleni noma emlonyeni (igazi elipinki ematheni livamile). |
| Izimpawu zokutheleleka | Uma inxeba liphuma ubomvu noma igazi, noma uma libomvu kakhulu futhi livuvukele. |
| Izimpawu Zokuphelelwa Amanzi Emzimbeni | Uma ingane yakho ingakhali lapho ikhala, amehlo ayo abonakala eshonile, umlomo wayo womile, noma ingachami okungenani kanye emahoreni ayisithupha. |
| Izinkinga ngemithungo | Uma izithungo zikhululekile, khululeka, noma ukusikwa kubonakala sengathi kuvulekile. |
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Umlomo oqhekekile kanye nolwanga yizimo ezenzeka ngesikhathi umntwana esesesibelethweni, kodwa zingelashwa ngempumelelo enkulu ngokuhlinzwa.
- Into engcono kakhulu ongayenza njengomzali ukugcina ingane yakho izolile futhi ulandele imiyalelo kadokotela ngemva kokuhlinzwa ngqo.
- Awuwedwa kulolu hambo. Ithimba elikhulu lodokotela, abahlengikazi, nabanye ochwepheshe bakhona ukusiza ingane yakho.
- Ungesabi ukubuza udokotela wakho noma yimiphi imibuzo noma ukungabaza ongase ube nakho.
- Ngokwelashwa okufanele, laba bantwana bangaphila impilo enempilo nejabulisayo ngaphandle kwezinkinga zesikhathi eside, njenganoma yimuphi omunye umntwana.
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