Cishe uyazi ukuthi uma isitho esingaphakathi esifubeni sakho, njengenhliziyo noma amaphaphu akho, sigula, ngezinye izikhathi udinga ukuhlinzwa ukuze selashwe. Ngakho-ke, ngaleso sikhathi, udokotela ohlinzayo kudingeka angene esifubeni sakho abheke leso sitho, asihlole, noma asuse ingxenye yaso. Enye yezinhlobo eziyinhloko zokuhlinzwa okwenziwa kulolu hlobo lwento yilokho esikhuluma ngakho namuhla, i-thoracotomy.
Kalula nje, kuyini i-thoracotomy?
I-thoracotomy inqubo yokuhlinzwa lapho udokotela ohlinzayo enza khona ukusikwa phakathi kwezimbambo zakho ezimbili ukuze avule umgodi wesifuba sakho. Lokhu kuvula isifuba futhi kuvumela udokotela ukuthi abuke ngqo, athinte, ahlole, futhi elaphe izitho ezingaphakathi.
Cabanga ukuthi udinga ukwelapha isitho esinjengenhliziyo yakho, i-aorta, umphimbo, amaphaphu, noma i-trachea. Ngezinye izikhathi lokhu kuhlinzwa kusetshenziselwa ukufinyelela ngaphambili komgogodla.
Lokhu kusikwa kuvame ukwenziwa ohlangothini lwesobunxele noma lwesokudla lwesifuba. Lokhu kuncike ohlangothini lwesitho esidinga ukwelashwa. Kwezinye izimo, ubambo lungadinga ukuphulwa noma ngisho nokususwa. Lokhu kusikwa kwenziwa kusukela esifubeni kuya emuva ngaphansi kwekhwapha. Ubukhulu nendawo yokusikwa kuncike ohlotsheni lokuhlinzwa olwenziwayo. Lokhu kubizwa nangokuthi "ukuhlinzwa okuvulekile."
Kungani umuntu engafuna ukwenza lolu hlobo lokuhlinzwa?
Kunezizathu eziningana zokuthi kungani kungenziwa i-thoracotomy. Ngezinye izikhathi, kwenziwa ukuze kususwe ingcezu yezicubu ukuze kuhlolwe, okubizwa ngokuthi i-biopsy, ukuze kutholakale imbangela eqondile yesifo. Kwenziwa futhi njengokwelashwa kwesifo.
Ake sibheke ithebula elingezansi ukuze sibone ukuthi yiziphi izizathu eziyinhloko zalokhu kuhlinzwa.
| Isizathu sokuhlinzwa | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| I-Biopsy yokuxilonga isifo samaphaphu | Ukuze uthole ukuthi inkinga ikuphi ngempela ngamaphaphu, thatha ucezu lwezicubu bese uluhlola. |
| Ukususwa komdlavuza wamaphaphu | Susa isimila esinomdlavuza noma ingxenye yamaphaphu. |
| Izimo zenhliziyo | Yelapha izinkinga ezithile enhliziyweni noma emithanjeni yegazi emikhulu ehlobene nazo. |
| Izinkinga ze-diaphragm | Yelapha izinkinga ezithile ku-diaphragm ehlukanisa isifuba nesisu. |
| I-Pneumothorax | Yelapha ukuvuza komoya emaphashini bese kuba ukungcola. |
| I-Tamponade Yenhliziyo | Uma uketshezi luqoqana ngaphakathi kwesikhwama esizungeze inhliziyo futhi lubeka ingcindezi enhliziyweni, lususe. |
| Izifo ze-esophageal | Yelapha umdlavuza womphimbo noma ezinye izimo. |
| Ukuphuma kwe-Pleural | Uma kukhona uketshezi olunqwabelana emaphashini, ikakhulukazi uma kunegciwane, susa uketshezi. |
Kwenzekani ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa?
Lokhu ukuhlinzwa okukhulu futhi kuzodingeka ukuthi ube ngaphansi kwe-anesthesia ejwayelekile. Ngakho-ke, kufanele ube nempilo enhle ukuze ubekezelele lolu hlobo lwe-anesthesia. Ithimba lezokwelapha lizokweluleka ngokuthi kufanele uyeke nini ukudla nokuphuza ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa.
Kubalulekile ukutshela ithimba lakho lezempilo nganoma yimiphi imithi, amavithamini, noma izithasiselo ozithathayo, ngisho nalezo ongazithenga ekhemisi. Eminye imithi, ikakhulukazi imithi yokunciphisa igazi,Uzokwaziswa ukuthi uyeke ukuthatha imithi ngaphambi kwesikhathi kunabanye.
Uma ubhema, odokotela bazokweluleka ngokuqinile ukuthi uyeke ukuhlinzwa okungeyona into ephuthumayo.
Kwenzekani ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa?
Ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa, ithimba lokuhlinzwa lizokuphendula liye ohlangothini olufanele, libeke ingalo eyodwa ngaphezu kwekhanda lakho ngesibambo esikhethekile, bese lisekela enye ingalo nehlombe lakho ngengubo egoqiwe.
Udokotela wakho wezinzwa uchwepheshe ekuhlinzeni isifuba. Angenza inqubo ebizwa ngokuthi "umoya wokuphefumula wamaphaphu owodwa." Kalula nje, lokhu kuhilela ukuvala iphaphu okwesikhashana ohlangothini oluhlinzwayo, okukuvumela ukuthi uphefumule kuphela ngephaphu elinye. Lokhu kunikeza udokotela ohlinzayo isikhala esengeziwe sokuhlinza.
Udokotela ohlinzayo ube esesika phakathi kwezimbambo ezimbili. Uma kudingeka, ubambo lungaphuka noma luhlukaniswe. Kungasetshenziswa nethuluzi elikhethekile elisebenzisa ukushisa ukungena emisipheni nakwezinye izicubu. Kube sekufakwa amathuluzi akhethekile (ama-retractor kanye nama-rib spreader) ukuze kudalwe isikhala ngaphakathi kwesifuba ukuze kubonwe futhi kwelashwe izitho zomzimba.
Ngemva kokuba ukuhlinzwa sekuqediwe futhi ukusika sekuvaliwe, kufakwa ipayipi lesifuba ukuze uketshezi nomoya oqoqana ngaphakathi kuphume.
Kwenzekani ngemva kokuhlinzwa?
Ngemva kokuhlinzwa, kuzodingeka uhlale esibhedlela cishe isonto lonke. Ipayipi lesifuba lizohlala likhona izinsuku ezimbalwa.
Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lizokukhuthaza ukuthi ukhwehlele, usebenzise idivayisi ekhethekile yokuphefumula (i-incentive spirometer), futhi uhambe kancane ngosizo . Ukwenza lezi zinto kubaluleke kakhulu ukuze amaphaphu akho alulame. Zizosiza futhi ekulawuleni ubuhlungu bakho.
Uma ukuhlinzwa kwakho kwenziwe ukuze kutholakale isifo, udokotela uzokuchazela futhi akunikeze iseluleko ngalokho okufanele ukwenze ngokulandelayo.
Yiziphi izingozi nezinkinga zalokhu kuhlinzwa?
Njenganoma yikuphi ukuhlinzwa, kunezingozi ezihilelekile ekuhlinzweni kwe-rhinoplasty. Ake sizibheke kuthebula elingezansi.
| Izingozi ezihlobene nokuhlinzwa | |
|---|---|
| Izingozi ezisheshayo zokuhlinzwa | |
| Izinkinga ezihlobene nokubulala izinzwa | Ukusabela okubi komzimba ekubulaweni kwe-anesthesia okuvamile. |
| Ukutheleleka | Ukutheleleka kwesilonda sokuhlinzwa noma ngaphakathi kwesifuba. |
| Ukopha | Ukopha ngokweqile ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa noma ngemva kokuhlinzwa. |
| Ubuhlungu | Ubuhlungu obukhulu eduze kokuhlinzwa kanye nezimbambo. |
| Izinkinga ezingaba khona kamuva | |
| Inyumoniya | Ukutheleleka kokuphefumula emaphashini (ukwanda komkhuhlane). |
| I-Atelectasis | Ukuwa kwengxenye eyodwa noma ngaphezulu yamaphaphu. |
| I-post-thoracotomy pain syndrome | Ubuhlungu obuhlala isikhathi eside izinyanga ngemva kokuhlinzwa. |
Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuphulukiswa?
Ungadla ngendlela evamile ngemva kokuhlinzwa. Kodwa-ke, kungcono ukudla ukudla okune-fiber eningi ukuze uvimbele ukuqunjelwa. Ngaphandle kokuthi udokotela wakho akutshele ukuthi unciphise uketshezi, phuza amanzi amaningi.
Phuza imithi yokubulala izinhlungu njengoba uyalelwe. Ungayeki ukuphefumula kakhulu ngenxa yobuhlungu. Ukwenza kanjalo kungaholela ekushayweni yi-pneumonia.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukulawula ubuhlungu, ukuphefumula kahle, nokukhwehlela. Lokhu kungasiza kakhulu ekuvimbeleni izinkinga zamaphaphu.
Kuzodingeka uhlale esibhedlela cishe isonto. Kodwa-ke, kungathatha izinyanga ezimbili ukubuyela emsebenzini ngemva kwalokhu kuhlinzwa. Buza ithimba lakho lokuhlinzwa ukuthi ungaqhubeka nini nemisebenzi efana nokwenza ucansi, ukuphakamisa izinsimbi, nokudlala imidlalo.
Ngisho nangemva kokubuyela ekhaya, kufanele uqhubeke nokuzijwayeza ukuphefumula okujulile, ukukhwehlela, nokusebenzisa i-spirometer yokukhuthaza. Udokotela wakho angase futhi akuncomele ukuzivocavoca kwezingalo namahlombe akho.
Kufanele ngiphinde ngimbone nini udokotela?
Udokotela wakho uzokutshela ukuthi udinga ukuphinde ubonwe nini. Kodwa ngaphambi kwalokho, uma unemibuzo noma ukukhathazeka, khuluma nodokotela wakho. Kufanele nakanjani ubone udokotela, ikakhulukazi uma unezinye zezimpawu ezilandelayo:
- Uma uthola umkhuhlane.
- Uma inxeba liqala ukopha futhi noma uma ukhwehlela igazi.
- Uma unenkinga yokuphefumula.
- Uma ubona ubomvu, ukuvuvukala, noma ushintsho kumbala wesikhumba endaweni yokusikwa.
- Uma ubuhlungu buba bukhulu kakhulu ukuba bungalawuleki.
Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-Thoracotomy, i-Sternotomy kanye ne-Thoracostomy?
La magama amathathu afana kancane, ngakho-ke kungadida. Ake sibone ukuthi umehluko uyini.
| Uhlobo lokuhlinzwa | Indawo kanye nenhloso yokusika |
|---|---|
| Ukususwa kwesifuba | Ukusika kwenziwa phakathi kwezimbambo ezimbili . Umgomo uwukuvula isifuba nokwelapha izitho zomzimba. |
| Ukuhlinzwa kwe-Sternotomy | Ukusikwa kwenziwa ngethambo lesifuba (sternum) eliphakathi kwesifuba. Leli thambo lisikwa phakathi bese kwenziwa ukuhlinzwa. Le ndlela ivame ukusetshenziswa ekuhlinzeni inhliziyo. |
| I-Thoracostomy | Kwenziwa ukusika okuncane kakhulu kulokhu. Inhloso ukufaka ipayipi (ipayipi lesifuba). Ngaleli payipi, imithi inganikezwa noma uketshezi/umoya oqoqana emaphashini ungasuswa. Lokhu kusikwa kuncane kakhulu kunokusika kwe-thoracotomy. |
Ingabe lokhu kuhlinzwa kubuhlungu kakhulu?
Yebo, i-thoracotomy iwukuhlinzwa okubuhlungu. Kuyiqiniso. Lobuhlungu bungabangela ubunzima bokuphefumula, okungaholela ezimweni ezifana ne-pneumonia noma i-atelectasis.
Kodwa ungakhathazeki. Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha linezindlela eziningana zokuphatha lobu buhlungu. Ama-painkiller omlomo, ama-painkiller emithanjeni, noma i-catheter ye-epidural ebekwe emgogodleni wakho ingakusiza ukuphatha ubuhlungu bakho.
Ngezinye izikhathi lobu buhlungu buhlala isikhathi eside. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-post-thoracotomy pain syndrome, esikhulume ngayo ngaphambilini.
Okokugcina, uma udokotela wakho encoma i-thoracotomy, qiniseka ukuthi uxoxa kahle naye ngesizathu sokuhlinzwa nokuthi yini ongayilindela. Lokhu ukuhlinzwa okukhulu. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuze ululame ngokushesha ukuthi ulandele imiyalelo kadokotela, ikakhulukazi mayelana nokuyeka ukubhema ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa, ukwenza izivivinyo zokuphefumula, kanye nokulawula ubuhlungu ngemva kokuhlinzwa.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-thoracotomy ukuhlinzwa okukhulu, okuvulekile okwenziwa ngokusikwa esifubeni phakathi kwezimbambo.
- Lokhu kwenzelwa ukwelapha izitho ezifana namaphaphu nenhliziyo noma ukuxilonga isifo.
- Landela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho ngokucophelela ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa, ikakhulukazi mayelana nokuyeka ukubhema.
- Ngemva kokuhlinzwa, ukulawula ubuhlungu, ukukhwehlela kahle, nokuphefumula ngokujulile kubalulekile ukuvimbela izinkinga zamaphaphu.
- Isikhathi sokululama singaba side. Kungathatha izinyanga eziningana ukululama ngokuphelele, ngakho-ke bekezela.
- Uma uqaphela izimpawu eziyisixwayiso ezifana nomkhuhlane, ubuhlungu obukhulu, noma ubunzima bokuphefumula, yazisa udokotela wakho ngokushesha.
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