Uke wezwa ngalesi sifo esingajwayelekile? - I-Fibromuscular Dysplasia (FMD)

Ingabe unomfutho wegazi ophakeme ongachazeki? Noma kunzima ukulawula umfutho wegazi wakho ngisho nangemithi? Ingabe ngezinye izikhathi uzwa umsindo ongajwayelekile ezindlebeni zakho noma uzizwe udidekile? Namuhla sizokhuluma ngesimo esingavamile esingakazwa kakhulu ngaso futhi esingaba yisisusa salezi zinto. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-Fibromuscular Dysplasia, noma i-FMD ngamafuphi.

Kalula nje, iyini i-Fibromuscular Dysplasia (FMD)?

I-FMD yisimo esithinta imithambo yegazi emzimbeni wethu, amapayipi athwala igazi lisuka enhliziyweni liye kwezinye izitho zomzimba. Okwenzekayo kulokhu ukuthi amaseli asezindongeni zemithambo yegazi awakhuli ngendlela evamile. Lokhu kungabangela ukuthi imithambo yegazi inciphe endaweni eyodwa noma ikhukhumale njengebhaluni. Ngezinye izikhathi imithambo yegazi ingabukeka njengentambo yamaparele, inciphe ezindaweni ezithile futhi ikhukhumale ezindaweni ezithile.

Cabanga ukuthi kwenzekani uma ipayipi lamanzi livaleka noma liba buthaka futhi livuvukala. Ukugeleza kwamanzi kuvimbekile, akunjalo? Yilokho okwenzekayo ku-FMD. Ukugeleza kwegazi emithanjeni kuvimbekile. Lokhu kungaholela ezinkingeni ezahlukene zempilo.

Nakuba lesi simo singathinta noma yimuphi umthambo emzimbeni, sivame ukuthinta:

• Imithambo yezinso: Uma lokhu kuthinteka, ukusebenza kwezinso kungathinteka.
• Imithambo ye-carotid entanyeni ehlinzeka ngegazi ebuchosheni: Uma lokhu kuthinteka, ukunikezwa kwegazi ebuchosheni kungaphazamiseka.

Ngokumangalisayo, iziguli ezingaphezu kuka-90% ezitholakale zine-FMD ngabesifazane , okwenza kube yisimo esivamile phakathi kwabesifazane.

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zama-FMD:

Odokotela bahlukanisa lokhu kube izinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko ngokusekelwe endleleni imithambo yegazi ebukeka ngayo ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa. Ukuze uqonde lokhu, bheka ithebula elingezansi.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-FMD?

Izimpawu ezivelayo zincike ekutheni yimuphi umthambo emzimbeni owonakele yi-FMD. Abanye abantu bangase bangabi nazo nhlobo izimpawu uma benesimo esibucayi kakhulu salesi simo. Kodwa-ke, kunezimpawu ezimbalwa ezivamile ezingabonakala.

• Umfutho wegazi ophakeme okunzima ukuwulawula: Lokhu kungaba imbangela yomfutho wegazi ophakeme, ikakhulukazi kumuntu osemusha.
• Ikhanda elibuhlungu: Abanye abantu bangase babe nekhanda elibuhlungu elifana ne-migraine.
• Ubuhlungu bentamo.
• I-pulsatile tinnitus: Umsindo wokukhala ezindlebeni ozwakala njengokushaya kwenhliziyo.
• Isiyezi noma umuzwa wokujikeleza nxazonke zakho (i-Vertigo).
• Umsindo ongavamile entanyeni noma esiswini (Bruit): Lapho udokotela ehlola nge-stethoscope, umsindo othi 's...s...' ungase uzwakale njengoba igazi ligeleza ngemithambo yegazi evalekile.
• Ubuhlungu besifuba.
• Ubunzima bokuphefumula.
• Ubuhlungu besifuba: Lobuhlungu bungenzeka uma imithambo exhumanisa nezinso ithinteka.
• Igazi emchameni.

Kungani i-FMD yenzeka? Ziyini izimbangela?

Ososayensi abakayazi imbangela eqondile ye-FMD, kodwa kunezici eziningana okucatshangwa ukuthi zinegalelo kuyo.

• Izakhi zofuzo: Kutholakale ukuthi lesi simo sidluliselwa ezizukulwaneni ngezizukulwane kweminye imindeni.
• Ama-hormone: Njengoba sishilo ngaphambili, lokhu kuvame kakhulu kwabesifazane. Ngakho-ke, kusolwa ukuthi i-estrogen, i-hormone yabesifazane, inendima kulokhu.
• Izici Zemvelo: Abantu ababhemayo basengozini enkulu yokuthola lesi simo.
• Ukulimala kwezindonga zemithambo yegazi: Izimbangela ezifana nokwelulwa okuphindaphindiwe kwezindonga zemithambo yegazi nazo zingathinteka.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-FMD ingahlotshaniswa nezinye izimo zezokwelapha ezingavamile. Isibonelo, ibonakala ngezimo ezifana ne-`(Ehlers-Danlos syndrome)` kanye ne-`(Marfan syndrome)`.

Izinkinga ezinkulu ezingase zenzeke ngenxa ye-FMD

Uma i-FMD ingelashwa kahle noma ingabonakali, kungavela izinkinga eziningana eziyingozi. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuzazi lezi.

Uma uhlangabezana nezimpawu zalolu hlobo lwenkinga (isib. ikhanda elibuhlungu elizumayo, ubunzima bokukhuluma, ukulahlekelwa umuzwa ohlangothini olulodwa lomzimba), kubaluleke kakhulu ukuya eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela ngokushesha .

Odokotela bayixilonga kanjani i-FMD?

Ngezinye izikhathi udokotela wakho angathola uphawu lwe-FMD (njengokushaywa yisifo sofuba) ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa okuvamile, noma lungatholakala ngengozi ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa okwenziwe ngesinye isizathu.

Uma udokotela esola ukuthi une-FMD, uzokwenza izivivinyo eziningana ezikhethekile ukuze aqinisekise lokho.

• I-Vascular Ultrasound: Lokhu kusebenzisa amaza omsindo avame kakhulu ukuthatha izithombe zemithambo yegazi nokuhlola ukuvaleka noma ukwandiswa kwayo.
• I-Angiography: Lokhu kuhilela ukufaka idayi ekhethekile emzimbeni nokusebenzisa i-X-ray, i-CT, noma i-MRI scan ukuze ubone kahle ingaphakathi lemithambo yegazi. Lena yindlela engcono kakhulu yokuxilonga i-FMD.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha i-FMD?

Akukho ukwelashwa kwe-FMD. Umgomo oyinhloko wokwelashwa ukulawula izimpawu nokuvimbela izinkinga eziyingozi. Ukwelashwa okutholayo kuzoncika ekutheni imiphi imithambo ethintekile kanye nobunzima besimo.

Nazi ezinye izindlela zokwelapha:

• Imithi yokucindezela kwegazi: Imithi efana ne-ACE inhibitors kanye ne-ARB inganikezwa ukulawula ukucindezeleka kwegazi .
• Imithi evimbela ukujiya kwegazi: Imithi yokulwa nama-platelet noma imithi yokulwa nokujiya kwegazi (isib. i-aspirin) inganikezwa ukunciphisa izingozi ezifana nesifo sohlangothi.
• I-Angioplasty: Lena akuyona inqubo yokuhlinzwa. Kule nqubo, ithubhu elincane kakhulu elibizwa ngokuthi i-catheter lidlula emthanjeni futhi uma lifika ekuvinjweni, ibhaluni elincane ekugcineni liyafuthwa ukuze kwandiswe umthambo ovinjiwe.
• Ukuhlinzwa: Ngezinye izikhathi ukuhlinzwa kungadingeka ukuze kulungiswe i-aneurysm noma kudalwe umthambo wegazi omusha.

Izinto okufanele uzicabangele uma uhlala ne-FMD

Ukuthola ukuthi une-FMD kungaba yinto eyesabekayo. Kodwa-ke, ngokuphathwa kahle kanye nokuqashwa kwezokwelapha, ungaphila impilo evamile.

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela lezi zinto ukuze ulondoloze impilo yakho enhle:

• Bona udokotela wakho njalo: Kubalulekile ukuhlolwa njalo ukuze kuhlolwe isimo semithambo yakho yegazi futhi kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ukwelashwa kwakho kusebenza kahle. Kungadingeka ukuthi uhlolwe kanye ngonyaka.
• Thatha imithi yakho njengoba uyalelwe: Ungayeki ukuthatha noma yimuphi umuthi owuyalelwe udokotela wakho.
• Kala umfutho wegazi lakho ekhaya: Hlola umfutho wegazi lakho njalo bese uwugcina urekhodiwe.
• Gwema ukubhema ngokuphelele:Ukubhema kwenza i-FMD ibe yimbi kakhulu. Ngakho-ke uma ubhema, thola usizo lokuyeka.

Awuwedwa. Udokotela wakho kanye nethimba lezempilo bazokwakha uhlelo lokulawula izimpawu zakho kanye nezinkinga. Bazokufundisa nangezimpawu eziyisixwayiso okufanele uziqaphele. Ngakho-ke ungesabi ukukhuluma nabo ngezinto ezikukhathazayo.