Wake wazizwa ujabule lapho ingane yakho ilwela ukuphakamisa ikhanda layo? Noma injabulo oyizwayo lapho isukuma ngaphandle kosizo lwamuntu, iqala ukuhamba... Kukhona inqubo emangalisayo yesayensi ngemuva kwakho konke lokhu. Lezi zinto azizenzeki nje. Lezi yizinyathelo ezibalulekile ekukhuleni kwengane. Namuhla sizokhuluma 'ngamakhono amakhulu okunyakaza' okufanele wonke umzali awazi.
Yiziphi lezi Zikhono Zokusebenza Kwemoto Eziphelele?
Leli gama lingase lizwakale lingavamile. Kodwa lilula impela. Igama elithi "Gross" lisho 'omkhulu'. Igama elithi "Motor" lisho 'ukunyakaza'. Ngakho-ke, ukukubeka kalula, amakhono okunyakaza okukhulu yizinyathelo ezinkulu esizenzayo sisebenzisa imisipha emikhulu emizimbeni yethu, okungukuthi, imisipha emilenzeni yethu, ezingalweni, nasemzimbeni ongaphezulu. Cabanga ngezinto ezifana nokuhamba, ukuvayizisa izingalo zakho. Lawa amakhono okunyakaza okukhulu.
Ukuze ukunyakaza okukhulu okunje kwenzeke kahle, izingxenye eziningana zomzimba wethu kudingeka zihlangane futhi zisebenze ngokubambisana okuphelele. Lokho kusho ukuthi:
- Imisipha yamathambo: Lokhu kunikeza amandla namandla adingekayo ukuze kwenziwe ukunyakaza.
- Amathambo: Lolu uhlaka lapho imisipha yethu inamathele khona.
- Imizwa: Imizwa iyizithunywa ezithwala imiyalezo esuka ebuchosheni iye emisipheni, ziyitshela ukuthi "zihambe ngale ndlela, kulokhu."
Ngaphezu kwalokhu, kunezinye izinto eziningana ezihlobene nalokhu:
- Ibhalansi yomzimba
- Ukuxhumana phakathi kwezitho zomzimba
- Ukuqwashisa ngomzimba kanye nokuqwashisa ngendawo
- Isikhathi sokusabela
Nakuba lezi zinkinga ezinkulu zamakhono okunyakaza komzimba zingavela kunoma yimuphi ubudala, njengodokotela nabazali, sizinaka kakhulu lapho sikhuluma ngokukhula kwezingane. Ngoba uma ingane yephuza ukudlula lezi zigaba zokukhula, kungaba uphawu lwezinye izimo zezinzwa. Ngakho-ke, lapho sisheshe sazi ngalezi zinto, kulapho singanikeza khona ingane yethu usizo eludingayo ngokushesha.
Yiziphi izibonelo zamakhono okunyakaza komzimba aphelele?
Manje cishe ucabanga ukuthi, "Kulungile, pho ayini ngempela lawa makhono okunyakaza komzimba?" Bheka zonke lezi zinto esizenzayo ekuphileni kwethu kwansuku zonke. Lawa wonke amakhono okunyakaza komzimba.
| Ukunyakaza okuvamile kwansuku zonke | Amakhono adinga ukuhlanganiswa |
|---|---|
| Ukuma | Ukuphonsa nokubamba ibhola |
| Ukuhamba, ukugijima | Ukukhahlela ibhola |
| Ukuhlala ngaphandle kokusekelwa | Ukubhukuda |
| Ukudla okuhlafunwayo | Ukugibela ibhayisikili |
| Ukugxuma, ukugxuma phezulu | Ukujikijela ngama-rollerblading |
| Ukujika okhalweni, ukugoba phambili | I-Cartwheel |
Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-Gross Motor Skills kanye ne-Fine Motor Skills?
Kungenzeka ukuthi uke wezwa nange-"Fine Motor Skills." Kubalulekile ukwazi umehluko phakathi kwalokhu okubili.
Kalula nje:
- Amakhono Okunyakaza Okukhulu: Lawa asebenzisa imisipha emikhulu (imilenze, izingalo, umzimba ongaphezulu). Lawa asetshenziselwa ukwenza ukunyakaza okukhulu . Isibonelo, ukusebenzisa ingalo yakho yonke ukuphakamisela othile isandla.
- Amakhono Emisipha Emihle: Lokhu kuhilela ukusebenzisa imisipha emincane (iminwe, izinzwane, izihlakala). Lokhu kusetshenziselwa ukwenza ukunyakaza okunembile kakhulu nokuthambile . Isibonelo, ukubamba ipeni nokubhala.
Ake sithi upenda udonga. Ukusebenzisa ibhulashi elikhulu ukupenda udonga lonke kuyikhono lokunyakaza komzimba eliphelele. Kodwa ukusebenzisa imivimbo emincane yebhulashi ukudweba imbali encane noma isithombe odongeni olufanayo kuyikhono lokunyakaza komzimba elihle.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi umntwana aqale athuthukise amakhono akhe okunyakaza komzimba.Kulapho-ke kuphela lapho befunda khona amakhono okunyakaza kahle kwemisipha, okusho ukuthi bafunda ukwenza imisebenzi ebucayi njengokuthatha izinto ezincane ngeminwe yabo.
Ukubaluleka kwala makhono okunyakaza komzimba ekukhuleni kwengane
Ingane iqala kancane kancane ukuhlola umhlaba futhi ifunde izinto ezintsha njengoba la makhono okunyakaza komzimba ethuthuka. Uma ingane ikwazi ukukhasa, ukuhamba, nokugijima, ingane inamathuba amaningi okuxhumana nendawo ekuyo, ukuthinta izinto ezintsha, nokuthola ulwazi.
Sibheka lamakhono njengezinyathelo ezibalulekile zokukhula kwengane. Nakuba kungebona bonke abantwana abenza lezi zinto ngesivinini esifanayo, ngokuvamile kunezinto ezilindeleke kumntwana eneminyaka ethile. Ake sibheke ukuthi ziyini.
| Ubudala | Izinto okufanele uzilindele |
|---|---|
| Izinyanga ezingu-0 - 6 | Ukugingqika phambili nangemuva. Ukuzama ukuhlala phansi, kuqala ngokusekelwa, bese kuba ngaphandle. |
| Izinyanga eziyi-6 - 12 | Ukukhasa phambili. Ukusuka endaweni yokuhlala uye endaweni yokuguqa. Ukubamba okuthile bese uzama ukuma nokuhamba. |
| Izinyanga ezingu-12 - 18 | Ukukwazi ukuhlala, ukuguqa, nokuhamba kahle. |
| Izinyanga ezingu-18 - iminyaka engu-2 | Ukuhamba ngokulinganisela. Ukuzama ukugijima. Ukuhamba ngenkathi udonsa ithoyizi. Ukwenyuka nokwehla izitebhisi ngokusekelwa. |
| Iminyaka emi-3 | Ukugxuma phezulu ngenkathi ugcina izinyawo zombili zihlangene. Ukuhamba ngezinzwane. Ukugibela ibhayisikili elinamasondo amathathu. Ukusebenzisa izandla zombili nesifuba lapho ubamba ibhola. |
| Iminyaka engu-4 | Ukuma ngomlenze owodwa cishe imizuzwana emi-5. Ukukhahlela ibhola phambili. Ukuhamba uqonde emgqeni. Ukugijima ngenkathi ugwema izithiyo. |
| Iminyaka emi-5 | Ukuhamba ubuyela emuva kusukela esithendeni kuya ozwaneni. Ukubamba ibhola elincane usebenzisa izandla ezimbili kuphela. Ukugxumagxuma. |
| Iminyaka eyi-6 | Ukuhamba ngomshayo wokulinganisela. Intambo yokugxuma. Ukuphonsa nokubamba ibhola ngendlela elindelekile. |
Khumbula, lezi zigaba zobudala zimane ziyisiqondiso esinzima. Ezinye izingane zingase zenze lezi zinto kusenesikhathi, kanti ezinye zingase zithathe isikhathi eside. Lokho kuvamile. Kodwa uma ubona ukubambezeleka okukhulu ekukhuleni kwengane yakho, kungcono ukukhuluma nodokotela.
Singasiza yini ingane yethu ukuthuthukisa la makhono?
Yebo, kungakwenza ngempela. Into engcono kakhulu ukuthi, akudingeki wenze noma yini enhle ukuthuthukisa la makhono. Ukudlala kuyindlela engcono kakhulu. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukudala indawo lapho ingane yakho ingagijima futhi idlale ngokukhululeka.
Nazi izinto ezimbalwa ezincane ongazenza:
- Khuthaza ukukhasa: Uma ingane yakho ikhasa, yibeke phansi bese ubeka ithoyizi olithandayo eduze kwengalo. Izozama ukulibamba. Hlala useduze nayo ngaso sonke isikhathi.
- Yakha indlela yokuvimbela: Ezinganeni ezindala, hlela indlela encane yokuvimbela enemicamelo nezihlalo ngaphakathi endlini. Ukuzivumela ukuba zikhuphuke futhi zikhase ngaphansi kwayo kuzosiza ekuthuthukiseni ibhalansi yazo kanye nokuxhumana kwazo.
- Myise enkundleni yokudlala: Myise epaki noma enkundleni yokudlala eseduze. Izinto ezikhasa, ezishwibekayo, nezikhuphukayo lapho zizomsiza ukuthi asebenzise imisipha eyahlukahlukene.
- Khuthaza ukudlala: Thula ingane yakho kwezemidlalo. Prakthiza ukudlulisa ibhola ekhaya, ushaye ibhola ngenduku.
- Cela ingane yakho ukuthi isize ngemisebenzi yasekhaya: Faka ingane yakho emisebenzini emincane yasekhaya. Ngisho nezinto ezincane njengokuyisiza ukusula itafula noma ukufaka okuthile emgqonyeni kadoti zingasiza ekuthuthukiseni lawa makhono.
Yiziphi izimbangela zezinkinga ngamakhono okunyakaza komzimba aphelele?
Ukubambezeleka noma izinkinga ekuthuthukisweni kwala makhono kungenzeka ngezizathu ezahlukahlukene. Noma iyiphi inkinga ehilela ubuchopho, umgogodla, imizwa, imisipha, noma amathambo ingathinta lokhu.
Nazi ezinye izimo lapho lezi zinkinga zingase zenzeke khona ezinganeni:
- Ukukhubazeka Kwengqondo
- Isifo se-Autism Spectrum
- Ukulibaziseka Kokuthuthukiswa
- Izimo zofuzo ezifana ne-Down Syndrome
- I-Dyspraxia (ukungasebenzi kahle kokuxhumana kokunyakaza)
- Ukuzalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi: Ezinye izingane ezizalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi zingase zibe nokulibaziseka ekuthuthukisweni kwala makhono.
La makhono angaphazamiseka nakubantu abadala ngenxa yezimo ezahlukene zezokwelapha, njengesifo sohlangothi kanye nesifo sikaParkinson.
Kufanele ubonane nini nodokotela?
Lena yingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu.
Uma ucabanga ukuthi ingane yakho yephuze ukufinyelela kulezi zigaba uma iqhathaniswa nezinye izingane, ungesabi. Into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ukukhuluma nodokotela wezingane wengane yakho ngalokhu. Angayihlola ingane yakho futhi akuchazele ukuthi ikhona yini inkinga.
Enye into ebalulekile ukuthi uma ubona ukuhlehla ekhonweni lengane yakho lokwenza into eyayikwazi ukuyenza ngaphambilini (isibonelo, ingane eyayihamba kahle ngokuzumayo igcina ingasakwazi ukuhamba), akuwona umqondo omuhle ukulibala. Bonana nodokotela ngokushesha nje lapho ubona into efana naleyo. Kungaba uphawu lwesimo esibucayi sezokwelapha.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Amakhono okunyakaza komzimba ahlanganisa ukunyakaza okusebenzisa imisipha emikhulu yomzimba ebalulekile ekukhuleni nasekuzimeleni kwengane.
- Ingane ngayinye ikhula ngesivinini sayo, ngakho-ke ungayiqhathanisi njalo nezinye izingane. Kodwa kubalulekile ukuqaphela izinyathelo ezivamile zokukhula.
- Indlela engcono kakhulu nelula yokuthuthukisa la makhono enganeni yakho ukuyivumela ukuthi idlale ngokukhululeka.
- Uma usola ngisho nokuncane kakhulu ukuthi ingane yakho inenkinga yokukhula noma ukwehla kwesimo sayo, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngokushesha.
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