Uma sizwa igama elithi "ukuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo," kuvamile ukuthi abaningi bethu bazizwe besaba futhi benovalo. Ngoba sonke siyazi ukuthi kuyinto enkulu. Kodwa empeleni kuyinto eletha ithemba elisha empilweni futhi engathuthukisa ukusebenza kwenhliziyo. Yingakho namuhla sinqume ukukhuluma ngalezi zinhlinzeko zenhliziyo kalula, njengokukhuluma nomngane, ngendlela ongayiqonda.
Kuyini ngempela ukuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo?
Kalula nje, ukuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo yinoma yikuphi ukuhlinzwa okubandakanya inhliziyo yakho noma imithambo yegazi exhumene nayo. Ngenxa yokuthi kuyinqubo eyinkimbinkimbi, yenziwa odokotela abahlinza inhliziyo abangochwepheshe kulolu hlobo lokuhlinzwa. Nakuba kuyisenzakalo esikhulu empilweni yakho, ngemva kokuhlinzwa, ukusebenza kwenhliziyo yakho kanye nokugeleza kwegazi kuzothuthuka kakhulu, futhi ungase uzizwe sengathi usunesimo esisha empilweni.
Ngezinye izikhathi lokhu kuhlinzwa kwenziwa ukuze kwelashwe izinto ezifana nesifo senhliziyo esizalwa naso. Kusetshenziswa futhi ekwelapheni isifo senhliziyo esikhula kamuva ekuphileni. Uhlobo lokuhlinzwa olwenzayo luzoncika esimweni sakho. Abanye abantu bakubiza ngokuthi "ukuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo" noma "ukuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo".
Kukuziphi izimo lapho kudingeka khona ukuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo?
Ukuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo kuvame ukudingeka ezimweni ezilandelayo:
- Uma imithambo eyodwa noma ngaphezulu ethwala igazi enhliziyweni yakho ivaliwe .
- Uma ama-valve enhliziyweni engasebenzi kahle (awavuli noma avalwe kahle).
- Uma unezinkinga zesigqi senhliziyo (i-arrhythmias).
- Ezimweni ezifana nokwehluleka kwenhliziyo , okungukuthi, lapho inhliziyo ingakwazi ukupompa igazi elanele emzimbeni.
Esikhathini esiningi, ngemva kokuba udokotela wakho (ngokuvamile udokotela wenhliziyo) ethole ukuthi unenkinga yenhliziyo, uma ikhambi elingcono kakhulu kungukuhlinzwa, kuzohlelwa kusenesikhathi.
Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi, kungadingeka ukuthi uhlinzwe inhliziyo njengesimo esiphuthumayo lapho ungakulindele khona. Isibonelo, uma umuntu ehlaselwa yinhliziyo, noma ukuhlolwa kwembula ukuthi ama-valve enhliziyo yakhe avalekile kakhulu, kungadingeka ukuthi ahlinzwe ngokushesha.
Kodwa khumbula, akuzona zonke izimo zenhliziyo ezidinga ukuhlinzwa. Ngobuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe banamuhla, kunezindlela zokwelapha ezingezona ezokuhlinzwa. Isibonelo, izinqubo ezifana ne-"Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI)" zinganciphisa ukuhlala esibhedlela futhi zikusize ukuthi ululame ngokushesha.
Yiziphi izinhlobo eziyinhloko zokuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo?
Kunezinhlobo eziningana zokuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo. Uhlobo lokuhlinzwa oluzokwenziwa luzoncika esimweni sakho sezempilo. Ake sibheke izinhlobo eziyinhloko zokuhlinzwa.
| Uhlobo Lokuhlinzwa | Ngamagama alula... |
|---|---|
| Ukufakelwa Kwemithambo Yenhliziyo Enemithambo Yenhliziyo (i-CABG) (Ukuhlinzwa kwe-bypass) | Ukudala indlela entsha yokuthi igazi ligeleze eduze komthambo ovalekile enhliziyweni. Lokhu kuhilela ukusebenzisa umthambo ophilile othathwe kwenye ingxenye yomzimba. Kuye ngenani lemithambo evalekile, lokhu kubizwa nangokuthi i-"double" noma "triple" bypass. |
| Ukuhlinzwa Kwe-Valve Yenhliziyo (Ukuhlinzwa kwe-valve yenhliziyo) | Uma ivalvu, njenge "sango" elilawula ukugeleza kwegazi enhliziyweni, ingasebenzi kahle, idinga ukulungiswa noma ifakwe entsha. |
| Ukulungiswa kwe-Aneurysm (Ukulungiswa kokukhula kwemithambo yegazi) | Uma ingxenye yodonga lwemithambo yegazi iba buthakathaka futhi iqhuma njengebhaluni (i-aneurysm), leyo ngxenye iyasuswa bese kufakwa umthambo wokwenziwa (i-graft) endaweni yawo. |
| Inqubo ye-Maze | Ukwelashwa kwe-atrial fibrillation (AFib), ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile, kuhilela ukudala izicubu ezincane zesilonda ukuze kuvinjwe izindlela zezimpawu zikagesi ezingavamile zenhliziyo. |
| Ukuhlinzwa Kokufaka Idivayisi Yenhliziyo (Ukufaka idivayisi) | Kufakwa amadivayisi ahlukahlukene ukuze kulungiswe isigqi senhliziyo noma kusize inhliziyo isebenze. Izibonelo: (I-Pacemaker) , (ICD) , (LVAD) . |
| Ukufakelwa Inhliziyo (Ukufakelwa inhliziyo) | Lena yindlela yokugcina. Umuntu onesifo senhliziyo esisesigabeni sokugcina utshalwa ngenhliziyo enempilo evela kumuntu oshonile onikelayo. Lokhu ukuhlinzwa okuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu futhi okwenziwa kaningi. |
Kwenzekani ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa?
Kungathatha amasonto noma izinyanga ukulungiselela ukuhlinzwa. Odokotela bakho bazohlola isimo sakho ngokucophelela ngaphambi kokuba banqume ukukuhlinza.
Ukuhlolwa ongakwenza
Kuzokwenziwa izivivinyo eziningana ukuze kutholakale ukuthi udinga ukuhlinzwa yini, futhi uma kunjalo, hlobo luni:
- I-ECG (i-Electrocardiogram)
- I-Echocardiogram (i-Echo)
- Ukuhlolwa kokucindezeleka
- I-X-ray yesifuba
- I-angiography yenhliziyo
- I-CT scan yenhliziyo
- I-MRI yenhliziyo
Indlela okufanele uzilungiselele ngayo
Uma sekunqunywe ukuthi udinga ukuhlinzwa, ithimba lezokwelapha lizokutshela ngqo ukuthi uzilungiselele kanjani.
- Isikhathi Sokuyeka Ukuthatha Imithi: Eminye imithi iyalulekwa ukuthi iyekwe ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa.
- Ukuzila Ukudla: Uzocelwa ukuthi ungadli noma uphuze lutho kusukela ngobusuku bangaphambi kokuhlinzwa.
- Ukubhema notshwala: Ukuze kuncishiswe ingozi yokuhlinzwa, kubalulekile ukuyeka ukubhema nokunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kotshwala.
Ungesabi ukubuza udokotela wakho noma yimiphi imibuzo onayo, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi mincane kangakanani. Kungcono ukulungiselela lonke ulwazi oludingayo.
Kwenzekani ngemva kokuhlinzwa?
Ngemva kokuhlinzwa, uzoyiswa egunjini lokunakekelwa okujulile (ICU). Uzohlala lapho okungenani usuku olulodwa. Ngemuva kwalokho uzodluliselwa egunjini elivamile.
Ukuthi uhlala isikhathi esingakanani esibhedlela kuncike ekuhlinzweni okwenzile nokuthi umzimba wakho uphola ngokushesha kangakanani. Ngokuvamile kuthatha amasonto ayisithupha kuya kwayi-12 ukululama ngokuphelele ekuhlinzweni kwenhliziyo okuvulekile.
Ungase ubhekane nalokhu okulandelayo ngesikhathi senqubo yokuphulukiswa. Lokhu kuvamile:
- Ukuzwa umsindo "wokuchofoza" esifubeni (lokhu kuzophela ngemva kwesonto noma amabili).
- Ukulimala okuncane noma ukuvuvukala okuzungeze indawo yokusikwa.
- Ukuqunjelwa.
- Ubunzima bokulala.
- Ukudla akunambitheki.
- Ubuhlungu emahlombe nasemhlane ongaphezulu.
- Ukudabuka, ukukhathazeka, noma ushintsho esimweni sengqondo.
Yiziphi izingozi nezinkinga?
Imiphumela yokuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo ngokuvamile iphumelela kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, njenganoma yikuphi ukuhlinzwa, kunezingozi ezithile.
| Izinkinga Ezingaba Khona |
|---|
| Ukungezwani komzimba ne-anesthesia. |
| Ukuphazamiseka kwenhliziyo (i-Arrhythmias). |
| Ukopha ngokweqile. |
| Ukutheleleka endaweni yokusikwa noma ngaphakathi kwesifuba. |
| Isifo sohlangothi. |
| Imiphumela ezinso. |
Uma unezinye izimo zezokwelapha ezifana nesifo sikashukela, isifo samaphaphu esingamahlalakhona (i-COPD), isifo sezinso, noma ubhema, ingozi yakho ingase ibe phezulu kancane. Yingakho kubalulekile ukulawula lezi zimo ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa.
Kufanele ubonane nini nodokotela?
Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izimpawu zezinkinga ngesikhathi sokululama kwakho , shayela udokotela wakho ngokushesha. Nakuba kuvamile ukuba nobuhlungu obuthile, okulandelayo akuvamile.
- Ubuhlungu besifuba obungapheli ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
- Imfiva .
- Isicanucanu nokuhlanza .
- Ubunzima bokuphefumula .
- Izimpawu zokutheleleka, njengokuphuma kobomvu ngenxa yokusikwa kanye nokubomvu .
- Izimpawu zesifo sohlangothi njengobunzima bokukhuluma .
Uma ungaqiniseki ukuthi uphawu luyingxenye evamile yenqubo yokuphulukiswa noma uphawu lwenkinga, shayela udokotela wakho ngaphandle kokungabaza. Kungcono ukuphepha kunokuzisola. Esimweni esiphuthumayo, iya eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela esiseduze.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ukuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo kuyindlela esindisa impilo futhi eshintsha impilo. Ungesabi.
- Kubaluleke kakhulu ukulungiselela kahle ukuhlinzwa. Landela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho kahle.
- Kuthatha isikhathi ukuphulukiswa. Nika umzimba wakho isikhathi osidingayo sokuphulukiswa. Yiba nesineke.
- Khuluma nodokotela wakho nganoma yimiphi imibuzo noma ukukhathazeka onakho.
- Qaphela izimpawu eziyisixwayiso ezingase zivele ngemva kokuhlinzwa. Uma ubona noma yiziphi izimpawu ezinjalo, funa iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha.
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