Ingabe nawe ucabanga ngokuhlinzwa kwe-valve yenhliziyo? (Ukuhlinzwa kwe-valve yenhliziyo) Ake sixoxe ngalokhu kalula.

Inhliziyo yakho iyiphampu emangalisayo. Ngaphakathi kwale phampu kunezingxenye ezine ezisebenza njengeminyango. Sibiza lawa ngokuthi “ama-valve.” Njalo lapho inhliziyo yakho ishaya, le minyango iyavuleka futhi ivaleke, igcina igazi ligeleza ngendlela efanayo. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi lapho la ma-valve egula noma engasebenzi kahle, ukugeleza kwegazi kuyavaleka. Ngezinye izikhathi igazi ligeleza libuyela emuva, noma i-valve iyavaleka futhi igazi alikwazi ukugeleza phambili. Yilapho odokotela bekhuluma khona “ngokuhlinzwa kwe-valve yenhliziyo.” Kuvamile ukuzizwa wesaba kancane uma uzwa la mazwi, kodwa lokhu kwenzelwa ukusiza inhliziyo yakho ukuthi isebenze kahle futhi. Uma inhliziyo yakho isebenza kahle, nawe uzizwa kahle.

Ziyini izivalo enhliziyweni?

Inhliziyo yethu inezindawo ezine eziyinhloko. Kunezinhlobo ezine eziyinhloko zama-valve alawula ukugeleza kwegazi phakathi kwalezi zindawo. Ake sibheke ukuthi ziyini.

Yiziphi izinhlobo zokuhlinzwa ezikhona?

Uhlobo lokuhlinzwa oludingayo luzoncika ezintweni eziningana. Udokotela wakho uzocabangela okulandelayo:

• Ukwakheka kwenhliziyo yakho.
• iminyaka yakho.
• Ezinye izifo onazo.
• Indlela yakho yokuphila.

Ngemva kokuhlolwa, udokotela uzonquma ukuthi inkinga ikuphi nge-valve yakho nokuthi inzima kangakanani. Ngemuva kwalokho, uzokhetha ukuhlinzwa okukulungele. Ngezinye izikhathi, lokhu kuhlinzwa kwe-valve kungenziwa kanye nokunye ukuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo. Isibonelo, kungenziwa kanye nokuhlinzwa kwe-bypass noma ukuhlinzwa kwe-atrial fibrillation .

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zokuhlinzwa.

1. Ukuhlinzwa kokulungisa ama-valve enhliziyo

Lokhu kuhilela ukulungisa iphutha ngenkathi ulondoloza ivalvu yakho ngangokunokwenzeka. Kufana nokulungisa into ephukile. Le ndlela ivame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu ezinkingeni zevalvu ye-mitral. Kodwa ingenziwa nakwamanye amavalvu.

2. Ukuhlinzwa kokushintsha ivalvu yenhliziyo

Kule nqubo, ivalvu yakho enesifo isuswa ngokuphelele bese kufakwa ivalvu entsha endaweni yayo. Le valve entsha ingaba ngeyokuphila (eyenziwe ngengulube, inkomo, noma izicubu zomuntu) noma ibe ngeyomshini ( eyenziwe ngensimbi noma ngekhabhoni). Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uhlobo luni olufakiwe, umzimba wakho ngeke uyenqabe.

Kunini lapho kudingeka khona ukuhlinzwa?

Uma imithi enikezwa isifo se-valve ingasasebenzi, okusho ukuthi uyaqhubeka nokuba nezimpawu ezinjengalezi, kungadingeka ucabangele ukuhlinzwa.

• Ubuhlungu besifuba.
• Ubunzima bokuphefumula.
• Ukubeka uphawu.

Akudingeki ulinde kuze kube yilapho izimpawu zakho sezinkulu. Ngezinye izikhathi odokotela banquma ukuthi kungcono ukwenza ukuhlinzwa ngaphambi kokuba izimpawu ziqale. Lesi yisinqumo wena, udokotela wakho wenhliziyo, kanye nodokotela wakho ohlinzayo okufanele nisenze ndawonye.

Uzilungiselela kanjani ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa?

Kuzodingeka wenze izivivinyo eziningana ngosuku olungaphambi kokuhlinzwa.

• I-X-ray yesifuba.
• I-Echocardiogram.
• I-Electrocardiogram (EKG).
• I-CT scan.
• Ukufakwa kwe-catheter kwenhliziyo.
• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi.

Ungadli noma uphuze lutho ngemva kwamabili ebusuku ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa. Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngemithi oyithathayo bese uthola ukuthi yini ongayiyeka nokuthi yini okufanele uyeke ukuyiphuza ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa.

Ngosuku lokuhlinzwa, gqoka izingubo ezikhululekile nezikhululekile. Shiya izinto zakho eziyigugu kumuntu ozohamba nawe. Ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa, abasebenzi besibhedlela bazohlanza indawo yokuhlinzwa futhi basuse noma yiluphi uboya, uma kudingeka.

Kwenzekani ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa?

Ngeke uzwe lutho ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa ngoba uzonikezwa umuthi wokudambisa ngomthambo.

Udokotela ohlinzayo uzozama ukwenza ukuhlinzwa ngokusika okuncane ngangokunokwenzeka. Ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa, umsebenzi wenhliziyo namaphaphu akho udluliselwa emshinini wokwenziwa (umshini wenhliziyo namaphaphu). I-valve iyalungiswa noma ishintshwe. Uma umsebenzi usuqediwe, inhliziyo yakho iyaqalwa kabusha futhi isifuba sakho siyavalwa.

Kunezindlela eziningana zokwenza ukuhlinzwa:

• Ukuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo okuvulekile kwendabuko: Kwenziwa ukusika okungu-6-8 intshi phakathi kwesifuba.
• Ukuhlinzwa okungenasidingo: Lokhu kwenziwa ngokusikwa okungamasentimitha angu-3-4 noma okuncane. Lokhu kungenziwa nge-endoscopically noma nge-robotically-assisted.
• I-Transcatheter: Le ndlela ayibandakanyi ukusikwa esifubeni. I-catheter ifakwa ngomthambo wegazi omkhulu esinqeni nasenhliziyweni ukuze ithathe indawo ye-valve. Isibonelo salokhu inqubo ebizwa ngokuthi i-TAVR .

Lokhu kuhlinzwa ngokuvamile kungathatha amahora amabili kuya kwamahlanu.

Kwenzekani ngemva kokuhlinzwa kanye nesikhathi sokululama

Ngemva kokuhlinzwa, uzongeniswa e-Intensive Care Unit (ICU). Lapho, isimo sakho sizoqashwa ngokucophelela. Ngemva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa, uzodluliselwa ewadini evamile. Uzohlala esibhedlela izinsuku eziphakathi kwezi-5 nezi-7.

Ungase ufake amapayipi esifubeni sakho ukuze ususe uketshezi oluningi emzimbeni wakho. Ungase uxhunywe emishinini ukuze uqaphe umfutho wegazi lakho kanye nokushaya kwenhliziyo.

Odokotela bazokukhuthaza ukuthi uqale ukuhamba ngokushesha okukhulu. Ungaqala ngokuhambahamba egumbini bese ukhulisa ibanga kancane kancane. Ungathunyelwa futhi ku- cardiac rehab, okuwuhlelo lokuzivocavoca oluqondiswayo.

Ngokuvamile kuthatha amasonto ama-4 kuya kwayi-8 ukuphulukiswa ngokuphelele. Kodwa-ke, uma uhlinzwe kancane, isikhathi sakho sokululama singase sibe sifushane.

Uzinakekela kanjani ngemva kokufika ekhaya?

• Landela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho ngqo. Yiya emitholampilo ngezinsuku ezihleliwe.
• Phumula. Uzozizwa ukhathele ngokushesha emasontweni amathathu okuqala. Ungayi emsebenzini ongakwazi ukuwusingatha.
• Ungashayeli amasonto ambalwa.
• Ungaphakamisi ngaphezu kwama-5-7 kg emasontweni okuqala angu-6-8.
• Buza udokotela wakho ukuthi ungabuyela nini emsebenzini.

Ziyini izingozi nezinzuzo zokuhlinzwa?

Njenganoma yikuphi ukuhlinzwa, kunezingozi ezithile, kodwa izinzuzo zokuhlinzwa zidlula kakhulu izingozi zokungabi nakho.

Lezi zingozi ziyahlukahluka kuye ngeminyaka yakho, ezinye izimo zezokwelapha, kanye nobunzima bokuhlinzwa. Udokotela wakho uzokuchazela lokhu ngokuningiliziwe.

Kunini lapho udinga ukubonana nodokotela?

Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu ngemva kokubuya ekhaya evela ekuhlinzweni, shayela udokotela wakho ngokushesha.

• Uma uzwa ubuhlungu esifubeni noma eduze nendawo yokusikwa .
• Uma uzizwa ukhathazekile noma ucindezelekile kakhulu ( lokhu kungenzeka ngemva kokuhlinzwa).
• Uma unomkhuhlane (lokhu kungaba uphawu lokutheleleka).
• Uma isisindo somzimba wakho sikhuphuka ngamakhilogremu angu-2-3 ngesikhathi esisodwa (lokhu kusho ukuthi amanzi ayanqwabelana emzimbeni).

Eminye imibuzo evame ukubuzwa

Ivalvu entsha ihlala isikhathi esingakanani?

Kuya ngeminyaka yakho, uhlobo lokuhlinzwa okwenzile, kanye nohlobo lwevalvu oyenzile. Amavalvu emishini ahlala isikhathi eside, kodwa amavalvu ebhayoloji angadinga ukushintshwa njalo eminyakeni eyi-10-20, ikakhulukazi uma efakwa kumuntu osemusha.

Ingabe ngidinga ukuqhubeka ngithatha ama-anticoagulant ngemva kokuhlinzwa?

• Uma unikezwe i-valve yomshini , yebo, kuzodingeka uthathe imithi yokunciphisa igazi impilo yakho yonke.
• Uma uke walungiswa ivalvu noma ivalvu yemvelo , kungadingeka ukuthi uthathe lo muthi amasonto ambalwa kuphela, noma ungase ungawudingi nhlobo.

Ngingaphila impilo evamile ngemva kokuhlinzwa?

Yebo! Abantu abaningi bangabuyela ekwenzeni izinto ababezenza ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa. Ukululama kwakho kuzoncika nasempilweni yakho iyonke. Kuvamile ukuzizwa wesaba uma uzwa ngokuhlinzwa kwe-valve yenhliziyo. Kodwa khumbula, lokhu kuyinto oyenzayo ukushintsha impilo yakho ibe ngcono. Khuluma nomndeni wakho nabangani ngakho. Kuyindlela enhle yokusekela ukuba nomuntu ozokusekela ngesikhathi sokululama kwakho.