Sonke sizwile ngogogo noma umkhulu osekhulile owashelela wawa endlini yokugezela “waphuka inqulu.” Ngezinye izikhathi sihlekisa nabangani bethu sithi “akufanele uphuke inqulu ngoba nje usukhulile.” Kodwa empeleni, ukuphuka inqulu akuyona into okufanele ithathwe kalula. Lena ingozi enkulu kakhulu, ngezinye izikhathi eshintsha impilo. Ngakho-ke namuhla, masiqaphele lokhu.
Kalula nje, kuyini ukuphuka kwesinqe?
Yilapho ingxenye ephezulu yethambo lakho lethanga (esilibiza ngezokwelapha ngokuthi i-Femur ), eseduze nejoyinti lesinqe, iphuka khona. Uyazi, ithambo lethanga liyithambo elide nelinamandla kakhulu emzimbeni wethu. Ngakho-ke ukuze liphuke, ngokuvamile kufanele kube nomthelela omkhulu, njengokuwa kanzima noma ingozi yemoto. Uma uphuke ithambo lesinqe, cishe njalo kudinga ukuhlinzwa ukuze lilungiswe.
Ilunga lethu lesinqe lifana nelunga elifana nebhola nesokhethi. Ingxenye ephezulu yethambo lesinqe efana nebhola ingena esikhaleni esisesinqeni sethu. Noma yikuphi ukwaphuka kule ndawo kuvame ukubizwa ngokuthi ukwaphuka kwesinqe.
Ingabe zikhona izinhlobo ezisekelwe endaweni lapho ikhefu likhona?
Yebo, odokotela bahlukanisa lokhu ngokuya ngokuthi i-femur iphuka kuphi.
- Ukuphuka kwekhanda lesifazane: Lokhu kuwukuphuka kwengxenye yethambo lethanga emise okwebhola. Kodwa-ke, lokhu akuvamile kakhulu.
- Ukuphuka kwentamo ye-femoral: Ukuphuka kwengxenye efana nebhuloho (intamo) ye-femur exhumanisa ikhanda elibunjwe njengebhola kanye nethambo elide. Lolu uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lokuphuka kwenqulu.
- Ukuqhekeka kwe-Intertrochanteric: Ukuqhekeka endaweni ephakathi kwezindawo ezimbili ezivelele entanyeni yethambo, lapho imisipha nemisipha kunamathela khona.
Ziyini izimpawu zokuphuka kwesinqe?
Uma kwenzeka ukuphuka kwenqulu, kuvame ukubonakala eyodwa noma ngaphezulu yalezi zimpawu. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuzazi lezi.
| Isibonakaliso | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Ubuhlungu obukhulu | Ubuhlungu obukhulu obungabekezeleleki, endaweni yesinqe. |
| Ukungakwazi ukunyakaza | Ukungakwazi ukunyakaza, ukugoba, noma ukuthwala isisindo esinqeni noma emlenzeni nhlobo. |
| Ukuvuvukala nokudumba | Ukuvuvukala kwendawo elimele kanye nokushintsha kombala wesikhumba okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka/okunsomi. |
| Ukukhubazeka | Isinqe sibukeka singajwayelekile uma siqhathaniswa nolunye uhlangothi, umlenze uphenduke noma ufushane. |
| Ukuzwa/ukubona ifindo | Ukuzwa noma ukubona into efana neqhubu endaweni lapho kwaphuka khona. |
Yiziphi izizathu eziyinhloko zale ngozi?
Ngokuvamile, ithambo eliqinile njengaleli lidinga ukushaywa ngamandla ukuze liphuke.
- Ukuwa: ikakhulukazi ukusuka endaweni ephakeme (isitebhisi, uphahla).
- Izingozi zezimoto: Lokhu kungenzeka kaningi ezingozini zezimoto ezimbi kakhulu.
- Izingozi zemidlalo: Izingozi ezenzeka ngesikhathi semidlalo yokuxhumana.
Kodwa khumbula, kumuntu oneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-65 noma umuntu onesifo esenza amathambo abe buthaka (isib. i-osteoporosis), ingozi yokuphuka isinqe iphakeme kakhulu, ngisho noma kwenzeka ukushelela nokuwa okuncane ekhaya.
Ubani osengozini enkulu?
Nakuba noma ubani engaphuka isinqe engozini, abanye abantu basengozini enkulu.
| Isici sengozi | Incazelo emfushane |
|---|---|
| Ukuba neminyaka engaphezu kwengu-65 ubudala | Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi amathambo ayancipha ngokwemvelo futhi ibhalansi iyancipha njengoba sikhula. |
| Izifo ezibuthakathaka amathambo | Izimo ezifana ne-osteoporosis noma i-osteopenia. |
| Ukuba ngowesifazane | Kunomkhuba omkhulu wokuba amathambo abe mancane ngenxa yezinguquko zamahomoni, ikakhulukazi ngemva kokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini. |
| Izifo ezithinta ibhalansi | Izifo ezifana nesifo sikaParkinson, isiyezi esivamile (i-Vertigo) noma isifo sokuwa. |
Udokotela uhlonza kanjani lokhu?
Ngemva kokuba ulethwe esibhedlela, udokotela uvame ukukuhlola eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU). Bazokuhlola inqulu nomlenze wakho, bahlole ubuhlungu, ukuvuvukala, kanye nezinguquko ekubukekeni. Bazobe sebekwenza ukuhlolwa okulandelayo noma ngaphezulu ukuqinisekisa ukuphuka nokunquma uhlobo lwakho oluqondile.
- I-X-ray yesinqe
- Ukuskena kwe-MRI
- Ukuskena kwe-CT
Ilashwa kanjani? Ingabe ukuhlinzwa kuyadingeka?
Yebo, cishe wonke umuntu ophuka isinqe uzodinga ukuhlinzwa. Uhlobo lokuhlinzwa oludingayo luzoncika ohlotsheni lokuphuka, ubudala bakho, nokuthi unezinye izinkinga zempilo. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zokuhlinzwa.
1. Ukufakelwa Kwezinqe/I-Hip Arthroplasty: Lokhu kwelashwa kuvame ukwenziwa kubantu abaneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-65. Kungadingeka ukufaka esikhundleni sejoyinti lonke (ukufakelwa okuphelele) noma ingxenye yalo kuphela (ukufakelwa ingxenye).
2. Ukunciphisa Okuvulekile Nokulungiswa Kwangaphakathi (i-ORIF): Kule nqubo, udokotela ohlinzayo ufaka izikulufo, amaphini, amapuleti, noma induku yensimbi ukuze abambe izingcezu zamathambo aphukile ndawonye aze aphole. Abanye abantu banazo lezi zinto endaweni yazo impilo yabo yonke. Abanye kufanele bazisuse ngemva kokuba ithambo selipholile.
Ingabe izinkinga zingaba khona ngemva kokuhlinzwa?
Njenganoma yikuphi ukuhlinzwa, kunengozi yezinkinga.
- I-Avascular Necrosis: Ingxenye yethambo iyafa lapho igazi eliya ethanjeni linqamuka.
- Okungewona umanyano:Izingcezu zamathambo eziphukile ezingahlangani kahle.
- I-Malunion: Ukungalingani kwezingcezu zamathambo.
- Ukutheleleka Kwamathambo (i-Osteomyelitis): Uma ithambo eliphukile lingena esikhumbeni (ukuphuka okuvulekile), ingozi yokutheleleka ngamagciwane iphakeme.
Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuphulukiswa?
Inqulu ephukile ithatha okungenani izinyanga eziningana ukuze iphole ngokuphelele. Kungathatha isikhathi esingangonyaka ukuze uzizwe ungcono kancane kancane. Isikhathi esithathayo ukuze uphole sincike ezintweni eziningana:
- Uhlobo lokuhlinzwa olwenziwe
- Iminyaka yakho kanye nempilo yakho iyonke
- Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kukhona yini abanye abalimele engozini
Kuzodingeka uqale ukwelashwa ngokomzimba (PT) ngokushesha ngemva kokuhlinzwa. Kuzodingeka wenze i-PT izinyanga eziningana. Kuzokusiza ukuqinisa imisipha ezungeze inqulu yakho futhi kukusize uhambe futhi ushukumise futhi. Kungase kudingeke usebenzise i-walker, izinduku zokusibekela, noma induku ekuqaleni.
Kungani ukuphuka kwesinqe kuyingozi kangaka?
Lesi yisimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha ngoba, ngaphezu kokuphuka kwethambo, kungalimaza nezitho ezibalulekile ezizungezile.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi engozini enkulu ngokwanele ukuphula i-femur, umthambo we-femoral ogijima eduze ungalimala. Uma lokho kwenzeka, ukopha ngokweqile kungaba yingozi empilweni. Kukhona futhi nengozi eyengeziwe yokuqhekeka kwegazi.
Lokhu kungaba kubi kakhulu uma ingozi yehlela umuntu osekhulile. Njengoba bekhula, umzimba uyaphola kancane. Ukuhlinzwa kanye nesikhathi sokululama esilandelayo kungaba nzima kakhulu kubo. Ezinye izifundo zithole ukuthi abantu asebekhulile abaphuke inqulu banamathuba amancane okuhamba nokuhoxa emisebenzini yomphakathi ngisho nangemva kokuba sebelulame. Lesi sizungu singathinta impilo yabo iyonke.
Ingabe ingozi efana nale ingavinjelwa?
Nakuba singenakukwazi ukulawula izingozi, kunezinto eziningi esingazenza ukuze sinciphise ingozi.
- Yenza indawo yasekhaya lakho iphephe: Susa izinto ezishelelayo, izintambo ezixhumene, nezinye izinto phansi. Beka umata ongasheleli endlini yokugezela. Qiniseka ukuthi kunokukhanya okuhle.
- Nakekela impilo yamathambo akho: Yidla ukudla okucebile nge-calcium ne-vitamin D. Khuluma nodokotela wakho futhi uhlanganyele ekuzivocavoceni okufanele.
- Thola ukuhlolwa kokuqina kwamathambo: Uma uneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-65 noma unomlando womndeni we-osteoporosis, khuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nokuhlolwa kokuqina kwamathambo.
- Gqoka imishini yokuzivikela:Gqoka ibhande lakho lesihlalo njalo uma ushayela. Uma udlala ezemidlalo, gqoka imishini yokuphepha efanele.
- Qaphela lapho ufinyelela izinto usuka phezulu: Ungakhweli ezihlalweni noma ematafuleni ukuze ufinyelele izinto. Sebenzisa ileli elifanele noma into ethile.
Kufanele uye nini e-Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU)?
Uma usola ukuthi inqulu iphukile, kuhlale kuyisimo esiphuthumayo. Shayela i-ambulensi ngokushesha. Uma othile ewile futhi enezimpawu ezilandelayo, funa usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha.
| Izimo lapho udinga ukuya esibhedlela ngokushesha | |
|---|---|
| 1. | Uma isinqe noma umlenze kungenakunyakaziswa nhlobo. |
| 2. | Uma kukhona ubuhlungu obungabekezeleleki, obukhulu. |
| 3. | Uma isinqe noma umlenze weluliwe ngendlela engavamile futhi ushintshe isimo. |
| 4. | Uma ithambo eliphukile libonakala ngesikhumba. |
| 5. | Uma indawo ethintekile ivuvukele kakhulu futhi iphukile. |
Kulungile yini ukushukumisa noma ukuphakamisa umuntu ophuke isinqe?
Akukuhle neze. Uma usola ukuthi othile uphuke isinqe, shayela i-ambulensi ngokushesha. Kuze kube yilapho ochwepheshe bezokwelapha abaqeqeshiwe befika futhi bamhambise esibhedlela, ongakwenza nje ukuzama ukumgcina enganyakazi. Ungabeki noma yisiphi isisindo emlenzeni, zama ukuma noma ukuhamba.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ukuphuka kwenqulu kuyisimo sezokwelapha esibucayi kakhulu nesiphuthumayo. Akufanele sithathwe kalula.
- Nakuba lokhu kuvame kakhulu kubantu asebekhulile, kungenzeka engozini enkulu kunoma ubani wanoma yimuphi ubudala.
- Ukuhlinzwa kuvame ukudingeka ukuze kwelashwe.
- Isikhathi sokululama singaba side, futhi isineke kanye nokwelashwa ngokomzimba kubalulekile.
- Ikakhulukazi emakhaya anabazali asebekhulile, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthatha izinyathelo zokuphepha ezidingekayo ukuze bagweme ukushelela nokuwa.
- Uma usola ukuthi i-hip fracture iphukile, ungazami ukuhambisa isiguli ngokwakho, kodwa shayela i-ambulensi ngokushesha.
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