Ingabe nawe unombono ofiphele eduze kwakho? Ake sifunde konke mayelana ne-hyperopia!

Ingabe ngezinye izikhathi uthola ukuthi izinto eziseduze nawe, isibonelo, uma ufunda iphephandaba, ubheka umbhalo omncane ocingweni lwakho, noma uzama ukufaka inaliti, zibonakala zingacacile? Kodwa ngokumangazayo, uma ubona into ekude, ungayibona kahle ngaphandle kwezinkinga, akunjalo? Uma kunjalo, ungase ube nesimo esizokhuluma ngaso namuhla, esibizwa ngokuthi "ukubuka kude" noma `(i-Hyperopia)`. Ungakhathazeki, lokhu kuvamile kakhulu, futhi kungelashwa.

Kuyini i-hyperopia? Kalula nje...

Kalula nje, ukubona kude kuyisimo esivamile samehlo. Kulesi simo, unenkinga yokubona izinto eziseduze nawe ngokucacile , kodwa izinto ezikude (ngokuvamile amamitha ayi-6, noma cishe amamitha angama-20) zibonakala kahle . Cabanga nje, uma uhamba emgwaqweni, ungabona ngokucacile igama lesitolo kude, kodwa uma ubheka ibhili esandleni sakho, izinhlamvu zibukeka zixubile. Yilokho okufana nakho.

Kodwa-ke, uma abanye abantu bebona kude kancane, bangase babone izinto eziseduze nezikude. Into ebalulekile ukuthi, lesi akusona isifo samehlo. Kungushintsho oluncane endleleni iso eligxila ngayo ukukhanya, okusho ukuthi alikwazi ukugxila kahle . Isizathu esiyinhloko salokhu indlela iso lakho elibunjwe ngayo. Lokhu kusho ubude kusukela phambili kuya ngemuva kweso (ubude be-axial) kanye nokugoba kwengxenye esobala ngaphambili kweso, ebizwa ngokuthi i-cornea. Awukwazi ukulawula indlela iso lakho elibunjwe ngayo. Kodwa izindaba ezinhle ukuthi, lesi yisimo esingalungiswa .

Uma unenkinga yokubona izinto eduze, into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ukubonana nodokotela wamehlo noma udokotela wamehlo. Bangenza ukuhlolwa okulula, okungenabuhlungu ukuze babone ukuthi amehlo akho adinga usizo oluncane. Kunezixazululo ezitholakalayo, kufaka phakathi izibuko, amalensi okuxhumana, ngisho nokuhlinzwa. Udokotela wakho angakusiza ukuthi ukhethe okulungele wena.

Kuvame kangakanani ukubona izinto kude?

Lokhu empeleni kuvamile kakhulu. Ngokusho kocwaningo olulodwa, cishe u-4.6% wezingane kanye no-30.9% wabantu abadala emhlabeni wonke bangase babe nombono obanzi. Kodwa-ke, lezi zinombolo zingahluka kancane kusukela ocwaningweni kuya kolunye, ngoba izindlela abazilinganisa ngazo ziyahlukahluka.

Isibonelo, uma abantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-40 befakiwe ocwaningweni, leli phesenti lingakhuphuka kakhulu. Isizathu salokhu ukuthi ngemva kweminyaka engama-40, abantu abaningi banamathuba amaningi okuthola isimo esibizwa ngokuthi ``Presbyopia``, okuwukulahlekelwa umbono oseduze njengoba bekhula . ``Presbyopia`` nayo ibangela umbono oseduze, kodwa ibangelwa izinguquko kulensi ngaphakathi kweso njengoba bekhula. Lokhu kuyimbangela ehlukile kunokubona kude.

Ingabe unesifo sokubona kude? Qaphela lezi zimpawu:

Ungase ungazizwa ungakhululekile ekuqaleni, kodwa uma imisipha yamehlo akho kudingeka isebenze kanzima ukuze ikunikeze umbono ocacile,, ungase ube nezimpawu ezifana nalezi:

• Ukubona okufiphele lapho ubheka izinto eziseduze, ikakhulukazi izinto eziseduze nobuso.
• Amehlo angaboni kahle noma akhathele ebusuku.
• Ubunzima bokufunda. Kungase kuzwakale sengathi izinhlamvu ezisencwadini ziyadansa futhi azicacile.
• Ukubona kabili ngesikhathi ufunda.
• Ukuzwa ubuhlungu ngaphakathi kwamehlo.
• Ukucindezeleka kwamehlo .
• Uzama ukufunda amehlo akho enciphile (ebhekabheka) .

Uma izingane ezincane zingaboni kahle, ngaphezu kwalezi zimpawu, zingase zihlikihle amehlo azo njalo noma zingabi nentshisekelo yokufunda . Ngezinye izikhathi, noma ngabe ingane encane ingase icabange ukuthi isikhathele ukutadisha, empeleni kungenzeka ukuthi ayiboni kahle izinhlamvu.

Kungani lokhu kungaboni kahle kwenzeka? Yiziphi izizathu?

Kunezimbangela ezimbili eziyinhloko zokubona kude:

• Ukufinyezwa okulinganiselwe kwebhola leso. Lokhu kusho ukwehla kobude be-axial yeso kusukela phambili kuya emuva.
• I-cornea yeso ithambile kunalokho obekulindelwe.

Ungase uzibuze, "Pho kwenzekani uma iso lifushane kancane kanti i-cornea ithambile kancane?" Impendulo isendleleni iso lakho eliguqula ngayo ukukhanya.

Cabanga ngeso lakho njengekhamera encane. I-cornea ifana nelensi engaphambili kwekhamera. Yilapho ukukhanya okungena esweni kuqala kuhoxiswa khona, kungene esweni, bese kuwela ngqo kwi-retina ngemuva kweso. I-cornea ivame ukugoba kancane, futhi lokho kugoba yikho okugxila ukukhanya ngqo kwi-retina.

Kodwa-ke, uma i-cornea yakho iyisicaba, noma uma ibanga elivela phambili liye ngemuva kweso lakho lifushane kakhulu, leli bhalansi elibucayi liyalahleka. Kwenzekani-ke? Uma ukukhanya kungena esweni lakho, akuweli ngqo ku-`(Retina)`. Esikhundleni salokho, imisebe yokukhanya igxila ngemuva kwe-`(Retina)`. Yingakho izinto eziseduze zibukeka zifiphele. Ngezinye izikhathi ezinye izingxenye zeso zingakufanela lokhu ngezinga elithile. Kodwa uma ubona kude, amehlo akho adinga usizo, njengezibuko, ukuze agxilise ukukhanya kahle.

Ukubuka kude kubizwa nangokuthi iphutha lokubona kude. Amaphutha okubona kude yizinguquko embonweni ezibangelwa izinkinga endleleni iso elibona ngayo ukukhanya. Avame kakhulu futhi angalawulwa. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukubona udokotela ukuze ahlolwe amehlo akho futhi athole ukuthi yini ngempela oyidingayo.

Ingabe ukubona kude kuyizakhi zofuzo?

Yebo, abacwaningi bakholelwa ukuthi ukubona izinto kude kunethonya lezakhi zofuzo.Lokho kusho ukuthi izakhi zofuzo ozizuza kubazali bakho zingathinta ingozi yakho yokuba nombono obanzi. Isibonelo, ezinye izakhi zofuzo zithinta indlela iso elikhula ngayo, ikakhulukazi ubude beliso (`(ubude be-axial)`). Abacwaningi basaphenya ukuthi izakhi zofuzo zikuthinta kanjani lokhu.

Abanye abantu bangase babe ne-hyperopia ngenxa yezimo ezithile zofuzo, njenge-`(Achromatopsia)`, `(Down syndrome)`, kanye ne-`(Fragile X syndrome)`.

Yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona ngenxa yalesi simo?

Ukungaboni kahle kungabangela izimpawu ezingakhululekile njengekhanda elibuhlungu, okwenza kube nzima ukwenza imisebenzi yakho yansuku zonke.

Ikakhulukazi ezinganeni ezincane , uma zinokubona kude kakhulu, zingaba nezimo ezifana ne -amblyopia (lapho ukubona kwelinye iso kungakhuli kahle) noma i-strabismus (lapho womabili amehlo engakhombi khona ohlangothini olulodwa). Yingakho kubaluleke kakhulu ukuhlolwa kwamehlo akho usesencane. Lokhu kungasiza ekutholeni amaphutha okuqonda njengokubona kude ngaphambi kokuba kube yizinkinga.

Wazi kanjani ukuthi unesiqiniseko sokuthi uyakwazi ukubona kude? Yiziphi izivivinyo?

Ukuphela kwendlela yokwazi ngokuqinisekile ukuthi kufanele uhlolwe amehlo kalula futhi ngaphandle kobuhlungu. Lokhu kuhlolwa kwenziwa udokotela wamehlo noma udokotela wamehlo.

Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa, udokotela uzofaka amaconsi amancane omuthi (`(amaconsi eso)`) emehlweni akho ukuze enze abafundi bakho (`(abafundi)`) babe bakhulu . Lokhu kuvumela ukukhanya okwengeziwe ukuthi kungene esweni futhi kuvumela udokotela ukuthi abone izingxenye zangemuva kweso, njenge-`(retina)`, kangcono.

Udokotela ube esesebenzisa amathuluzi ahlukahlukene ukuhlola amehlo akho, eqondisa imisebe yokukhanya kuwo, ukuhlola impilo yamehlo. Lokhu akuhloli nje kuphela amaphutha okukhanya njengokubona kude, kodwa futhi nakwezinye izimo eziningi zamehlo njenge-glaucoma kanye ne-cataracts.

Uma ubhekene nanoma yikuphi ubunzima noma ukufiphala kombono, ungacabangi nje ukuthi, "Lokhu kumane kuwukucindezeleka kwamehlo," bese uthola ukuhlolwa kwamehlo. Ngezinye izikhathi, ukubona okufiphele kungaba uphawu lwesimo esibucayi kakhulu esidinga ukwelashwa ngokushesha.

Ingabe ikhona ikhambi lokubona izinto kude? Ngingakulungisa kanjani lokhu?

Yebo! Impela. Kunezindlela eziningana zokulungisa ukubona izinto kude:

• Izibuko zamehlo: Lena yindlela elula nevame kakhulu. Amalensi ezibuko zamehlo ashintsha indlela ukukhanya okugxile ngayo esweni. Ukuthi ubheka kude kangakanani kuzonquma uhlobo lwamalensi owadingayo nokuthi uzodinga ukuwagqoka isikhathi esingakanani.
• Amalensi okuxhumana:Lezi zisebenza ngendlela efanayo nezibuko. Zilungisa indlela ukukhanya okungena ngayo esweni. Kodwa-ke, zincane kunezibuko zezibuko, futhi zigqokwa ebusweni bebhola leso. Ezimweni eziningi, ziphephile futhi zikhululekile. Kodwa-ke, abanye abantu bangase bangakwazi ukugqoka ama-contact lens ngenxa yezinkinga ezifana nokutheleleka kwamehlo okomile noma amehlo.
• Ukuhlinzwa: Uma ufisa, ungahlinzwa futhi ukuze kulungiswe ukubona kwakho kude. Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zokuhlinzwa kuye ngokuthi ukubona kwakho kude kangakanani.
• Isibonelo, inqubo ebizwa ngokuthi ukuhlinzwa kwamehlo kwe-LASIK ingasiza abantu abanokubona kude okuncane. Lokhu kuhilela ukusebenzisa i-laser ukuze kulungiswe kabusha i-cornea yakho.
• Ukuhlinzwa kokushintshanisa amalensi okubona kude (i-IOL) kungaba usizo kubantu abanokubona kude kakhulu. Lokhu kuhilela ukususa ilensi yakho yemvelo bese uyishintsha ngelensi yokwenziwa (ilensi yangaphakathi kweso / i-IOL).

Ingabe wonke umuntu obona kude kufanele agqoke izibuko?

Lokhu kufanele kunqunywe udokotela wamehlo. Ngezinye izikhathi amehlo akho angase akwazi "ukwamukela" ngezinga elithile ngaphandle kwezibuko. Kodwa-ke, uma unezimpawu noma unenkinga yokwenza imisebenzi yakho yansuku zonke, ungase ukuthole kukhululekile ukugqoka izibuko. Ama-contact lens angenye indlela.

Udokotela wakho uzokusiza ukuthi ukhethe indlela yokulungisa umbono ekufanelekela kangcono, ngokusekelwe ezidingweni zamehlo akho kanye nendlela yakho yokuphila.

Ingabe ukubona izinto kude kuzothuthuka ngokuzenzakalelayo?

Cha, ukubona kude ngeke kuthuthuke ngokuzenzakalelayo ngaphandle kokuhlinzwa. Kodwa ngisho nangemva kokuhlinzwa, umbono wakho ungashintsha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Lena inqubo yemvelo eyenzeka njengoba ukhula.

Uma ugqoka izibuko noma ama-contact lens, ukubona kwakho kuyalungiswa futhi amehlo akho agxile kahle ekukhanyeni. Kodwa ngokushesha nje lapho uwakhumula, izimpawu zakho zokubona kude zingase zibuye. Futhi, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ukubona kwakho kungase kube buthaka futhi kufiphale. Ungase uthole ukuthi izibuko ozigqoka manje azisizi njengoba zazinjalo ngaphambili.

Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukugqoka izibuko zakho noma ama-contact lens njalo njengoba kunconywe udokotela wakho . Kubalulekile futhi ukuthi uhlolwe amehlo njalo ukuze ubone ukuthi amandla ama-lens akho adinga ukushintshwa yini.

Ingabe ikhona indlela yokuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa kokubona kude?

Uma sikhuluma iqiniso, ayikho indlela eqinisekisiwe yokuvimbela ukubona kude, njengoba ivame ukuhlotshaniswa nendlela iso elakhiwe ngayo.

Nokho, kunemikhuba ethile engakusiza ukuthi ugcine impilo yamehlo akho iphilile. Nakuba lokhu kungase kungavimbeli ukubona kude, kungasiza ekugcineni amehlo akho ephilile:

• Yidla ukudla okunomsoco.Izakhamzimba ezifana ne-vithamini A, i-vithamini C, i-vithamini E, kanye ne-lutein zisiza ekuvikeleni umbono wakho. Ukuze uthole lokhu, faka izithelo ezifana namawolintshi, amagilebhisi, nama-strawberry, kanye nemifino eluhlaza njenge-spinach kanye ne-collard greens ekudleni kwakho.
• Hlola amehlo njalo ukuze ukwazi ukubona izinkinga zamehlo ngaphambi kokuba ube nezimpawu.
• Gqoka izibuko zelanga, ngisho noma kunezinsukwana eziguqubele. Khetha izibuko zelanga ezivimba u-99% noma ngaphezulu wemisebe yelanga eyingozi ye-ultraviolet (UV).
• Nika amehlo akho ikhefu njalo. Ukubuka isikrini sekhompyutha noma ifoni amahora amaningi kungabangela ukukhathala kwamehlo. Lokhu kungaholela ezimweni ezifana ne-"Computer vision syndrome." Ngokwenza izinguquko ezincane endleleni yakho yansuku zonke, ungavimbela noma unciphise lokhu kungakhululeki.

Kufanele uye nini ukuyohlolwa amehlo?

Uma unezimpawu zokubona kude noma ezinye izinkinga zokubona, qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela. Ukubona okufiphele kungaba uphawu oluyisixwayiso lwezinkinga ezahlukahlukene. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha ukuze uthole ukuthi yini ebangela izimpawu zakho.

Ngisho noma ungenazo izinkinga zokubona, kusabalulekile ukuhlolwa amehlo njalo. Ngokusho kwe-American Optometric Association, nansi indlela abantu abangenazo izimpawu okufanele bahlolwe ngayo amehlo abo:

• Izinsana: Ngaphambi kosuku lokuzalwa lokuqala (kungcono phakathi kwezinyanga eziyi-6 neziyi-12).
• Izingane ezincane: Okungenani ukuhlolwa okukodwa phakathi kweminyaka emi-3 neyi-5, bese kuba kanye ngonyaka.
• Abantu abadala abaneminyaka ephakathi kuka-18 no-64: Okungenani kanye njalo eminyakeni emibili.
• Abantu abadala abaneminyaka engu-65 nangaphezulu: Kanye ngonyaka.

Kuye ngempilo yamehlo akho kanye nengozi yakho yokuba nesifo samehlo, ungase udinge ukuhlolwa njalo. Udokotela wakho uzokutshela ukuthi kufanele ufike kangaki. Qiniseka ukuthi uyayilandela leyo miyalelo futhi uya kohlolwa ngezinsuku ezihleliwe.

Kunini lapho udinga khona iseluleko sezokwelapha esiphuthumayo? (Isimo esiphuthumayo)

Uma ngokuzumayo, uhlangabezana nokungaboni kahle noma ukulahlekelwa umbono ngokuzumayo , shayela u-911 noma inombolo yakho yezimo eziphuthumayo yasendaweni ngokushesha. Lokhu kungaba izimpawu zezimo ezibucayi ezidinga ukwelashwa okuphuthumayo, njenge-"Stroke" noma i-"Retinal Detachment".

Okokugcina, into ebaluleke kakhulu okufanele uyikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya):

Ubunzima bokubona izinto eziseduze kungathinta umsebenzi wakho nezinto ozithandayo. Akudingeki uhlupheke ngalezi zimpawu kanye nokukhungatheka ezikubangelayo. Uma ubona izinto ngendlela engacacile, ugoba amehlo lapho ufunda, noma uphathwa yikhanda elibuhlungu, qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela wamehlo noma udokotela wamehlo.

Ungathola ukuthi ubona kude yini ngokuhlolwa okumbalwa okulula, okungenabuhlungu. Udokotela wakho uzobe eselungisa ukubona kwakho ukuze ubone ngokucacile nangokulula. Ngakho-ke, ungesabi noma ube namahloni, thatha isinyathelo sokuhlola amehlo akho namuhla. Ube nosuku oluhle!

Ukubuka kude, i-Hypopia, Ukubona Amehlo, Ukubuka Okuseduze, Izibuko, Izifo Zamehlo, Ukuhlolwa Kwamehlo