Ingane iyimpahla eyigugu kakhulu umndeni onayo. Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi izinhlekelele ezingacabangeki ziyenzeka. Akukho ubuhlungu obukhulu kunokulahlekelwa yingane encane ngaphambi kokuba igubhe usuku lwayo lokuzalwa lokuqala. Lokhu kuyinto engenakuchazeka ngamazwi, kuyadabukisa. Namuhla sizokhuluma ngalesi sihloko esibucayi kakhulu, okungukuthi, ' Ukufa Kwezinsana '. Lokhu akuyona nje isibalo, kunendaba ekhalayo ngemuva kwenombolo ngayinye. Asikhulumi ngalokhu hhayi nje ngokwesaba noma ukudabuka, kodwa nokuqonda izizathu eziholela ekwenzekeni kwezinto ezinjalo nokuqaphela ukuthi yini esingayenza ukuvimbela izinhlekelele ezinjalo esikhathini esizayo.
Kalula nje, kuyini ukufa kwezinsana?
Ngokwezokwelapha, ukufa kwezinsana kubhekisela ekufeni komntwana onyakeni wokuqala wokuphila, okungukuthi, ngaphambi kokuba abe nezinyanga ezingu-12 ubudala. Kukhona elinye igama elihambisana naleli , ukufa kwezinsana . Libhekisela ekufeni komntwana ezinsukwini zokuqala ezingu-28 zokuphila.
Odokotela nabacwaningi basebenzisa la magama ukuthola izimbangela zokufa kwezinsana nokukhuluma ngezindlela zokuzivimbela. Kodwa kumama noma ubaba olahlekelwe ingane, leli akulona nje igama lezokwelapha. Ukulahlekelwa yingxenye yabo. Kubuhlungu obukhulu obukwenza ungakwazi ukuthola ukuthi ungaqhubeka kanjani.
Lokhu akuyona into enhle ngempela ukwenzeka. Wonke umntwana kufanele azalwe ephilile futhi abe nenhlanhla yokugubha hhayi nje kuphela izinsuku zakhe zokuzalwa zokuqala nezesibili, kodwa nezinye eziningi. Kodwa zingaki izinto ezingathinta impilo yomntwana nomndeni? Ngezinye izikhathi kunezinto esingenakuzilawula. Yingakho kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela lokhu futhi senze lokho kanye esingakulawula.
Yiziphi izimbangela eziyinhloko zokufa kwezinsana?
Izimbangela zokufa kwezinsana namuhla zihlukile kwezasendulo. Ngokuthuthuka kwesayensi yezokwelapha, izinto eziningi ziye zakwazi ukulawulwa. Namuhla, ikakhulukazi emazweni athuthukile, kunezimbangela eziningana eziyinhloko ezithinta ukufa kwezinsana.
| Imbangela | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| Ukukhubazeka Kokuzalwa | Izinkinga ezithile ezenzeka ngesikhathi umntwana esakhula esibelethweni, njengomgodi enhliziyweni. |
| Ukuzalwa Kungakafiki Isikhathi kanye Nesisindo Esiphansi Sokuzalwa | Bazalwa ngaphambi kwamasonto angu-37 futhi benesisindo esincane kakhulu sokuzalwa. Laba bantwana basengozini enkulu yokutheleleka nezinye izinkinga ngoba izitho zabo zomzimba azikakhuli ngokugcwele. |
| Isifo Sokufa Kwezinsana Okungazelelwe (SIDS) | Umntwana ophilile ushona ebuthongweni ngaphandle kwesizathu esicacile. Akukatholakali sizathu esiqondile okwamanje. |
| Ukulimala Ngengozi | Ukuminyana (isib., ukulala ngendlela engafanele, amathoyizi athambile embhedeni), izingozi zezimoto, ukuminza, njll. |
| Izinkinga Zokukhulelwa | Izimo ezifana nomfutho wegazi ophakeme kanye nesifo sikashukela umama abhekana nazo ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa zingathinta ingane. |
Besinjani isimo esikhathini esidlule?
Ngaphambilini kunanamuhla, eminyakeni engaba yikhulu edlule, izifo ezithathelwanayo zaziyimbangela ehamba phambili yokufa kwezinsana. Cabanga ukuthi zingaki izingane ezazingabulawa yizifo ezifana nesifo sohudo, isimungumungwane, ukukhwehlela okukhulu, kanye ne-pneumonia ngaleso sikhathi?
Kodwa ngokuthuthukiswa kwezinsizakalo zezempilo zomphakathi, lesi simo sashintsha ngokuphelele.
- Ukunikeza amanzi okuphuza ahlanzekile .
- Ukwenziwa ubisi lube lukhuni.
- Ukuqaliswa ngempumelelo kwezinhlelo zokugoma .
Ngenxa yezinto ezinjalo, kuye kwaba nokwenzeka ukunciphisa kakhulu ukufa kwezinsana ngenxa yezifo ezithelelanayo. ISri Lanka yethu futhi iyizwe elisebenzise lezi zinhlelo zokugoma ngempumelelo enkulu. Ngenxa yokuthi izikhulu zezempilo zomndeni (ababelethisi) ezweni lakithi zivakashela amakhaya futhi zihlole lokhu, izinga lokufa kwezinsana ezweni lakithi liphansi kakhulu uma liqhathaniswa namanye amazwe aseNingizimu Asia. Lokho kuyimpumelelo enkulu kithi.
Yini elinganiswa yi-IMR (Izinga Lokufa Kwezinsana)?
Cishe uke wezwa leli gama ngaphambili. I-IMR imele Izinga Lokufa Kwezinsana . Kalula nje, ilinganisa inani lezingane ezifa ngaphambi kokufinyelela eminyakeni yobudala eyodwa kuzo zonke izingane eziyi-1,000 ezizalwa ziphila endaweni ethile noma ezweni elithile.
Leli nani liyinkomba enhle yesimo sempilo sezwe lonke. Inani eliphansi le-IMR lisho ukuthi izwe linokunakekelwa kwempilo okuhle, isimo sokudla okunempilo, imfundo, kanye nengqalasizinda eyisisekelo.
Abacwaningi basebenzisa lolu lwazi ukuthola ukuthi yiziphi izindawo kanye nabantu abadinga ukunakekelwa kwezempilo kakhulu, kanye nokuhlela izinqubomgomo nezinhlelo zezempilo zesikhathi esizayo ngokufanele.
I-IMR iyahlukahluka kakhulu phakathi kwamazwe emhlabeni. Emazweni afana neJapan neSingapore, izinga liphansi kakhulu (cishe libe ngu-2 ezinganeni eziyi-1,000). Kodwa-ke, kwamanye amazwe ampofu e-Afrika, izinga liphezulu kakhulu (ngaphezu kuka-70 ezinganeni eziyi-1,000). Lokhu kukhombisa ukuthi ubude bempilo yengane buyahlukahluka kangakanani kuye ngokuthi izalelwa kuphi kanye nezinsiza ezinazo.
Singakwazi yini ukuvimbela lokhu kufa kwezinsana?
Lona umbuzo obaluleke kakhulu. Impendulo ithi, yebo, kungenzeka. Akuzona zonke izinsana ezifa ezingavinjelwa. Ezinye izinkinga zokubeletha zingaphezu kwamandla ethu. Kodwa kunezinto eziningi esingazenza ukunciphisa ingozi. Singenza lezi zinto ukuze sandise amathuba ethu okukhulelwa okunempilo kanye nomntwana onempilo.
1. Ngaphambi Kokukhulelwa
- Bona udokotela: Uma uhlela ukuba nomntwana, bona udokotela ukuze ahlole impilo yakho ngaphambi kokuba ukhulelwe. Uma unezinkinga zezempilo, njengesifo sikashukela noma umfutho wegazi ophakeme, kubalulekile ukuzilawula ngaphambi kokuba ukhulelwe.
- Qala ukuthatha i-folic acid: Ukuthatha amaphilisi e-folic acid okungenani izinyanga ezi-3 ngaphambi kokukhulelwa kungasiza ekuvimbeleni ukukhubazeka kwe-neural tube ohlelweni lwezinzwa lomntwana.
2. Ngesikhathi Sokukhulelwa
- Ungayeki umtholampilo nganoma yisiphi isizathu: Uhlelo lwemitholampilo yangaphambi kokubeletha ezweni lethu luqinile kakhulu. Iya emitholampilo ngezinsuku ezihleliwe ngokwemiyalelo enikezwe umbelethisi wakho wendawo nodokotela. Ngaleyo ndlela, ungahlala uqaphela impilo yakho neyengane yakho.
- Yidla ukudla okunempilo: Yidla ukudla okunempilo nokulinganiselayo. Yeka ukubhema nokuphuza utshwala ngokuphelele. Ungathathi noma yimuphi umuthi ngaphandle kokubonisana nodokotela wakho.
- Qaphela izimpawu zengozi: Uma uzizwa ukunyakaza kwengane yakho kunciphisa ijubane, uma kukhona igazi noma ukuphuma kwamanzi esithweni sangasese sowesifazane, uma unekhanda elibuhlungu noma umbono ofiphele, hamba esibhedlela ngokushesha. Lokhu kungaba izimpawu zesimo esiyingozi.
3. Ngemva Kokuzalwa
- Ukulala Ngokuphepha: Lena yinto ebaluleke kakhulu ukuvimbela i-SIDS .
- Hlala ulalisa ingane yakho ngomhlane. Ungalokothi uyilale ngohlangothi noma ngesisu.
- Gcina indawo yokulala yengane (ibhedi noma umbhede) ingenalutho . Beka ingubo ebanzi kuphela phezu komatrasi. Ungabeki imicamelo, izingubo zokulala, noma amathoyizi athambile. Lokhu kungayiminyanisa ingane.
- Ungavumeli ingane yakho ishise ngokweqile. Gcina igumbi lisesimeni esifudumele esikahle.
- Kuphephile kakhulu ukulalisa ingane yakho ekamelweni elifanayo nawe, kodwa endaweni ehlukile nephephile (igumbi lokulala ndawonye noma ibhedi).
- Ukuncelisa: Uma kungenzeka, ncelisa ingane yakho kuphela ezinyangeni eziyisithupha zokuqala. Ukuncelisa kuqinisa amasosha omzimba wengane futhi kuvikela ezifweni.
- Ukugoma ngesikhathi: Ngokusho koHlelo Lukazwelonke Lokugoma, nikeza yonke imijovo ingane yakho eyidingayo ngesikhathi.
- Ukuphepha ngesikhathi sohambo lwemoto: Noma nini lapho uhambisa ingane yakho emotweni, sebenzisa isihlalo semoto esifanela ingane yakho. Sifake kahle. Ukuthwala ingane emathangeni akho kuyingozi kakhulu.
Ngiyazi ukuthi kunzima ngisho nokukhuluma ngalokhu. Kodwa uma singasindisa ngisho nokuphila komntwana oyedwa ngalolu lwazi, lokhu kuqonda, lokho kungaba yimpumelelo yethu enkulu.
Uma wazi umuntu obhekene nobuhlungu bokulahlekelwa ingane, kunokuba umsole, yiba umngane omuhle omlalelayo futhi ahlanganyele naye ebuhlungwini bakhe. Futhi, uma ungumama okhulelwe noma ulindele umntwana, ungangabazi lutho. Buza udokotela wakho noma isisebenzi sezempilo somndeni nganoma yimiphi imibuzo noma ukukhathazeka ongase ube nakho. Bakhona ukukusiza.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ukufa kosana akulona izibalo, kubuhlungu umndeni ongenakububekezelela. Ukuqaphela lokhu kuyisinyathelo sokuqala sokukuvimbela.
- Ukunakekela impilo yakho ngaphambi kokuba ukhulelwe kwandisa kakhulu amathuba okuba nomntwana onempilo. Khuluma nodokotela wakho.
- Ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, ungayeki ukuya emitholampilo yangaphambi kokubeletha nganoma yisiphi isizathu. Ukudla okunempilo, ukuphumula, nokulandela iseluleko sezokwelapha kubalulekile.
- Ngemva kokuzalwa kwengane yakho, khumbula njalo ukulala ngokuphepha . Hlala ulala ngomhlane wengane yakho. Ungafaki lutho olungadingekile embhedeni.
- Ngokunikeza ingane yakho yonke imijovo ngesikhathi kanye nokuncelisa, ungayivikela ezifweni eziningi.
- Uma unemibuzo, ukungabaza, noma unemibuzo, khuluma nodokotela wakho noma isisebenzi sezempilo somndeni wakho. Ungalokothi unqikaze ukufuna iseluleko sabo.
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