Ingabe inhliziyo yakho ithelelekile kanje? Ake sifunde nge-Infective Endocarditis!

Inhliziyo iyisitho esibaluleke kakhulu emzimbeni wethu. Ifana nenjini yomzimba wethu. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi le nhliziyo ingabuye ibe nezifo ezahlukahlukene. Namuhla sizokhuluma ngesimo esingakhula enhliziyweni, esidinga ukunakekelwa okuncane, kodwa esingalawulwa uma wazi kahle. Leso yisifo esibizwa ngokuthi `(Infective Endocarditis)` . Kungenzeka ukuthi awukaze uzwe ngaleli gama, kodwa kubaluleke kakhulu ukwazi ngalokhu.

Kuyini lokhu `(I-Infective Endocarditis)`? Kalula nje...

Kalula nje, `(Infective Endocarditis)` kusho ukuthi igciwane lingena engxenyeni engaphakathi yenhliziyo yakho, okungukuthi, `(Endocardium)` , noma amavalvu enhliziyo (Amavalvu), bese libangela ukutheleleka. Cabanga ngakho, amavalvu asenhliziyweni yethu afana neminyango. Lawa mavalvu asiza ukugeleza kwegazi ohlangothini olulodwa kuphela. Ngokuvamile, lawa mavalvu anamandla kakhulu futhi amelana kalula namagciwane (amagciwane, isikhunta). Yingakho lesi simo esibizwa ngokuthi `(Infective Endocarditis)` singavamile. Kodwa uma kwenzeka, kungaba yingozi kakhulu.

Kwenzeka kanjani lokhu? Amagciwane afika kanjani enhliziyweni?

Kulungile, manje ake sibheke ukuthi lokhu `(Infective Endocarditis)` kuthuthuka kanjani. Kuqala lapho amabhaktheriya (Amabhaktheriya) noma isikhunta (Ama-Fungi) engena egazini lakho ngandlela thile. Esikhathini esiningi, okungukuthi , cishe amane kwamacala amahlanu, kubangelwa amabhaktheriya abizwa ngokuthi `(Streptococcus)` kanye `(Staphylococcus)`.

Ungase ucabange, "O, la magciwane angangena kanjani egazini?" Cabanga ngakho, uma usika izinsini zakho ngenkathi uxubha amazinyo akho, amagciwane angangena egazini. Noma, noma ngabe wenza ukuhlinzwa okukhulu, ikakhulukazi ukuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo evulekile, amagciwane angangena.

Amabhaktheriya angena egazini, ahamba egazini, futhi ahlale ezindaweni ezonakele ngaphambilini, njenge-endocardium noma ama-valve enhliziyo. Njengoba nje izinhlayiya zothuli zinamathela endaweni emanzi. Lapho, lawa mabhaktheriya akha amakoloni. Siwabiza ngokuthi "izitshalo." Lawa makoloni akhipha ubuthi nama-enzyme. Lawa abhubhisa amaseli anempilo futhi aphazamise inqubo yokuphulukisa.

Ubani onamathuba amaningi okuthuthukisa lokhu? (Izici eziyingozi)

Nakuba noma ubani angaba ne-endocarditis ethelelanayo, abanye abantu basengozini enkulu. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi kubantu abanesifo senhliziyo . Lokhu kufaka phakathi:

• Abantu abanama-valve enhliziyo alimele ngenxa yezinye izimo zezokwelapha: Isibonelo, labo abanama-valve alimele ngenxa ye-`(Rheumatic Heart Disease)`.
• Abantu Abanesifo Senhliziyo Esizalwa Naso: Okusho ukuthi, abantu abazalwa benohlobo oluthile lwesifo senhliziyo.

Lezi zimo zingathinta ukusebenza kwama-valve enhliziyo. Isibonelo:

• I-Aortic Valve Stenosis
• `(Isifo se-Bicuspid Aortic Valve)` (Isifo se-Bicuspid Aortic Valve)
• Ukubuyela kwesisu (ukuvuza kwegazi kusuka kuma-valve enhliziyo)
• Ukwehla kwe-Mitral Valve

Ngaphezu kwalokhu, kunezinye izici eziyingozi:

• Amadoda: Amadoda anamathuba aphindwe kabili okuthola lesi sifo kunabesifazane.
• Ukuguga: Lokhu kuvame ukwenzeka kakhulu kubantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-50 ubudala.

Yimiphi imiphumela engemihle engaba khona ngenxa yalokhu?

Uma isimo esibizwa ngokuthi "i-Infective Endocarditis" singatholakali futhi selashwe kusenesikhathi, amagciwane angakhula futhi asakazeke, okubangela imiphumela emibi kakhulu. Esinye sezifo eziyinhloko ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo.

Futhi, uma ukwelashwa kokuqala kungaphumeleli, kungase kube nesimo esibizwa ngokuthi `(Emboli)`. `(Emboli)` amahlule egazi amancane aphuma emakoloni amagciwane ashiwo ngenhla `(Imifino). Uma lokhu kuhamba egazini futhi kubhajwe emthanjeni wegazi, kungavimba ukugeleza kwegazi kuya esithweni esibalulekile. Lokhu kungabangela izinkinga ezingaba yingozi ngisho nokuphila.

Cabanga nje, lokhu kufana nokuthi lapho udoti ubhajwa epayipini lamanzi, amanzi ayayeka ukugeleza.

Imiphumela emibi engaba khona yalezi `(Emboli)` yile:

• Ukwanda kwe-spleen kanye nobuhlungu.
• Ukulimala kwezinso.
• Amahlule egazi aya emaphashini (i-Pulmonary Embolism).
• Isifo sohlangothi.
• Ukulimala kwezitho ezikude, njengeminwe.

Yiziphi izimbangela eziyinhloko ze-`(Infective Endocarditis)`?

Ezinye izimo zenhliziyo kanye nokwelashwa kwenhliziyo kungavumela amagciwane ukuthi angene egazini. Lezi yizimbangela eziyinhloko ze-"Infective Endocarditis".

• Amavalvu Enhliziyo Okwenziwa: Lawa maningi amathuba okuba atheleleke ngezifo kunamavalvu emvelo.
• Izimo ezidinga ukufakwa kwamadivayisi afana nama-pacemaker: Ikakhulukazi uma izintambo zala madivayisi zidlula emithanjeni yegazi.
• Uma uke wafakelwa inhliziyo.
• Isimo esibizwa ngokuthi `(Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy)` (ukuqina kwemisipha yenhliziyo).
• Uma uke wahlinzwa inhliziyo yakho.
• Uma uke waba ne-`(Infective Endocarditis)` ngaphambilini.

Ingabe zikhona ezinye izizathu?

Akuvamile kakhulu ukuthi lesi simo sivele kubantu abanezinhliziyo eziphilile. Izimbangela ezingaba khona zifaka:

• I-catheter yinto ehlala emithanjeni yegazi isikhathi eside: isibonelo, ama-catheter esikhathi eside asetshenziswa ukunikeza i-chemotherapy kubantu abanomdlavuza.
• Izifo ezenza buthaka isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela: Isibonelo, `(HIV)` kanye `(AIDS)`.
• Ukuba nokutheleleka kwenye indawo emzimbeni.
• Ukujova izidakamizwa ezitholakala emithonjeni usebenzisa izinaliti ezingcolile kuyingozi kakhulu.
• Ukungahlanzeki komlomo: Lokhu kubangela ukuthi amagciwane amaningi aqoqeke emlonyeni.
• Ukusebenzisa inalithi engcolile lapho ufaka umuthi emthanjeni ngezizathu zezokwelapha.

Ziyini izimpawu zalesi sifo? Izinto ongazibona...

Izimpawu ze-`(Infective Endocarditis)` zivame ukuthinta inhliziyo yakho kanye nohlelo lokuphefumula. Ungase ubhekane nezinto ezifana nalezi:

• Ubuhlungu besifuba.
• Umsindo wenhliziyo ongajwayelekile ("Ukukhala Kwenhliziyo" okuzwakala udokotela lapho elalele nge-"stethoscope").
• Ubunzima bokuphefumula (i-Dyspnea).
• Inhliziyo esheshayo (i-Tachycardia).

Ngaphezu kwalokhu, kungase kuvele ezinye izimpawu:

• Igazi emchameni (i-Hematuria).
• Ukugodola.
• Ukukhathala.
• `(Izilonda zikaJaneway)`: Amabala abomvu, angenabuhlungu avela ezintendeni nasematheni ezinyawo.
• Ubuhlungu Bamalunga.
• Ukulahlekelwa yisifiso sokudla kanye nokwehla kwesisindo ngendlela engachazeki.
• Umkhuhlane ongapheli ongapheli lapho kungekho sizathu esitholakalayo.
• Ubuhlungu bemisipha.
• Ukujuluka ngokweqile ebusuku (Ukujuluka Kwasebusuku).
• Ama-Osler Nodules: Amaqhubu abuhlungu avela ezandleni nasezinyaweni.
• Ukopha Okuqhekekile: Amabala amancane afana negazi abonakala ngaphansi kwezinzipho.
• Ukopha kwegazi okungaphansi kwe-conjunctival: Ukubonakala kokuphuma kwegazi endaweni emhlophe yeso.
• Ukuvuvukala esiswini noma emzimbeni ongezansi.

Lezi zimpawu zingavela ngokuzumayo noma kancane kancane. Ngezinye izikhathi lezi zimpawu zingase zibonakale njengomkhuhlane ojwayelekile, kodwa kubalulekile ukuqaphela lezi zimpawu, ikakhulukazi uma unesifo senhliziyo.

Sitholakala kanjani lesi sifo? Odokotela benzani?

Ukuxilongwa kuqala ngezimpawu zakho kanye nomlando wezokwelapha. Uma uke waba nesifo se-valve yenhliziyo ngaphambili futhi unomkhuhlane ngaphandle kwesizathu, lokho kuyinsolo enkulu. Futhi, uma unenhlanganisela yezinye izimpawu ezihlobene nesifo `(Infective Endocarditis)`, kungase kuvele izinsolo. Kodwa-ke, ukuze wazi ngokuqinisekile, udinga ukuhlolwa.

Yiziphi izivivinyo ezizokwenziwa?

• Ukuhlolwa Kokukhuliswa Kwamagciwane: Lokhu kusiza ekunqumeni ukuthi kukhona yini amagciwane egazini, futhi uma kunjalo, uhlobo luni.
• Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungase kudingeke ezinye izivivinyo ukuze kuhlelwe ukwelashwa. Lokhu kufaka phakathi:
• Ukuhlolwa kwe-Antibody Serology: Lokhu kungaqinisekisa uhlobo oluqondile lwamagciwane akhona egazini.
• Ukuhlolwa kwenhliziyo `(Echocardiogram)`: Lokhu kungahlola isimo sama-valve enhliziyo, ukuthi ngabe kukhona yini amakholoni amabhaktheriya abizwa ngokuthi `(Imifino)`, nokuthi makhulu kangakanani. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili ze-`(Echocardiogram)`:
• I-Transthoracic Echocardiogram (TTE): Lokhu ukuskena okuvame ukwenziwa ebusweni besifuba.
• I-Transesophageal Echocardiogram (TEE): Lokhu kuhilela ukufaka i-probe encane emphinjeni bese kuskenwa inhliziyo. Lokhu kungaveza izithombe ezicacile kune-TTE.

Yikuphi ukwelashwa okukhona kulokhu?

Ukwelashwa okuyinhloko kwe-endocarditis ethelelanayo ama-antibiotic. Ama-antibiotic e-broad-spectrum avame ukunikezwa kuqala. Lawa angasiza ekunciphiseni izimpawu, kodwa angase anganele ukuqeda ngokuphelele ukutheleleka.

Uma imiphumela ye-"Antibody Serology Test" eshiwo ngenhla ibuya, odokotela bazokushintsha baye ku-"Targeted Antibiotic" ehlasela uhlobo oluthile lwamagciwane egazini lakho. Lokhu kwelashwa kungadinga ukunikezwa ngemithambo yegazi (IV) amasonto amane kuya kwayisithupha. Lokhu kungasho ukuhlala esibhedlela.

Ingabe kuzodingeka ngihlinzwe?

Uma amakholoni amabhaktheriya, noma `(Imifino)` emancane, ama-antibiotic kuphela anganele. Kodwa-ke, uma `(Imifino)` inkulu, ukuhlinzwa (Infective Endocarditis Surgery) kungadingeka ukuze kususwe futhi kufakwe ama-valve alimele.

Futhi, uma lezi `(Izitshalo)` zisakazekela ezicutshini ezizungezile, kungase kudingeke ukuhlinzwa. Kwezinye izimo ezinzima, kungaba ngcono ukwenza ukuhlinzwa ngaphambi kokuqala ama-antibiotic. Kodwa-ke, abacwaningi basafunda ngezimo lapho ukuhlinzwa kufaneleke khona ngaphambi kwama-antibiotic.

Ngingakuvimbela kanjani lokhu ukuthi kungenzeki? Ukuvimbela kungcono kakhulu!

Esikhathini esidlule, abantu abasengozini yokuthola "i-Infective Endocarditis" babenikwa ama-antibiotic nsuku zonke. Kodwa-ke, le ndlela isishintshiwe manje ngoba yandisa ingozi yokuthola amabhaktheriya amelana nama-antibiotic.

Odokotela manje banikeza ama-antibiotic esikhathi esifushane ngaphambi kwezinqubo ezithile zezokwelapha, njengezinqubo zamazinyo. Ama-antibiotic okuvimbela asetshenziswa kuphela kubantu abasengozini enkulu yokuthola i-endocarditis ethelelekayo, njengabantu abane-valve yenhliziyo yokufakelwa.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukunakekela impilo yakho yomlomo kanye namazinyo. Ukuxubha amazinyo akho kahle kabili ngosuku kanye nokusebenzisa i-dental floss kubaluleke kakhulu.

Angakanani amathuba okwelapha lesi sifo?

Uma kungatholakalanga kusenesikhathi futhi kwelashwe ngama-antibiotic asheshayo nanamandla, amathuba okululama kulesi sifo mancane. Okusho ukuthi, uma ukwelashwa kubambezeleka isikhathi eside, isimo singaba sibi kakhulu. Uma kwelashwa ngokushesha nangendlela efanele, amathuba okusinda aphezulu. Kodwa-ke, uma kuvela imiphumela emibi, isikhathi sokululama singase selulwe.

Impilo izoba njani ngemva kokuthola `(I-Infective Endocarditis)`?

Uma wake waba ne-Infective Endocarditis kanye, usengozini enkulu yokuyithola futhi. Kodwa ungakhathazeki, kunezinto ongazenza ukuze unciphise ingozi yakho:

• Ibhulashi ne-floss kabili ngosuku. Impilo yomlomo iyona nto ebaluleke kakhulu.
• Khuluma nawo wonke umuntu, okuhlanganisa nodokotela bakho nodokotela wamazinyo, ngengozi yakho yokuthola `(Infective Endocarditis)`. Hlala unolwazi ngayo.
• Hlanza amazinyo akho ngudokotela wamazinyo njalo ezinyangeni eziyisithupha.
• Uma unesifo se-valve yenhliziyo, landela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho ngokucophelela ukuze uvimbele izimpawu zakho ukuba zingabi zimbi kakhulu.

I-infective endocarditis ukutheleleka kwamagciwane olwelwesini lwe-valve yenhliziyo yakho. Nakuba lesi kuyisimo esingavamile, kungaba nzima ukuselapha. Kodwa-ke, kungenzeka ukululama. Uma usengozini, kubalulekile ukunciphisa ukuchayeka kwakho kumagciwane. Ungakwenza lokhu ngokunakekela kahle amazinyo nezinsini zakho. Uma uzokwenza inqubo yezokwelapha, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngezindlela zokuzivikela.

Ngakho-ke, yiziphi izinto okufanele sizikhumbule kule ndaba?

Kulungile, sesikhulume kakhulu nge-`(Infective Endocarditis)` manje. Okokugcina, nazi izinto ezibaluleke kakhulu okudingeka uzikhumbule:

* `(Infective Endocarditis)` ukutheleleka okukhulu kolwelwesi lwangaphakathi lwenhliziyo noma ama-valve ayo.

* Nakuba lokhu kungavamile, kufanele kwelashwe ngokushesha uma kwenzeka.

* Ukuhlanzeka komlomo namazinyo kubaluleke kakhulu! Ungakhohlwa ukuxubha nokufutha amazinyo akho nsuku zonke.

* Uma unesifo senhliziyo, qaphela kakhulu izimpawu ezifana nomkhuhlane nokukhathala.

* Ngaphambi kwanoma yiluphi ukwelashwa kwezokwelapha, yazisa udokotela wakho uma usengozini yokuthola `(Infective Endocarditis)`.

* Ungesabi, kodwa qaphela. Uma kutholakale kusenesikhathi, kungelashwa ngempumelelo.

Uma uneminye imibuzo mayelana nalokhu, buza udokotela womndeni wakho noma udokotela wenhliziyo. Inhliziyo enempilo ibalulekile kuwo wonke umuntu!

Isifo senhliziyo, izifo zenhliziyo, i-endocarditis, izifo zamagciwane, ama-valve enhliziyo, izimpawu, ukwelashwa