Inkinga yezempilo evamile abaningi bethu abanayo umfutho wegazi ophakeme , noma " umfutho wegazi " njengoba sonke sazi. Ngezinye izikhathi, lokhu kungalawulwa ngokuthatha umuthi onikezwe udokotela. Kodwa kwabanye abantu, ngisho nangemva kokusebenzisa hhayi uhlobo olulodwa, hhayi ezimbili, kodwa ezintathu noma ezine zemithi, lo mfutho wegazi awukwazi ukulawulwa futhi bangaphansi komfutho wegazi omkhulu. Ngakho-ke uma nawe unomfutho wegazi ophakeme okunzima ukuwulawula, imbangela ingaba yisimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-Hyperaldosteronism , esingakakuzwa okuningi ngaso. Ake sixoxe ngalokhu namuhla nje.
Kulungile, ngakho-ke kuyini i-Hyperaldosteronism?
Kalula nje, i-Hyperaldosteronism ukukhiqizwa ngokweqile kwehomoni ebizwa ngokuthi i-aldosterone yizindlala ze-adrenal emzimbeni wethu.
Cabanga ngakho, izindlala ze-adrenal ziyizindlala ezimbili ezincane ezihlala njengesivalo phezu kwezinso zethu. I-hormone i-aldosterone ekhiqizwa yilezi zindlala ibaluleke kakhulu. Isiza ukugcina inani elifanele loketshezi, i-sodium ( usawoti ) kanye ne-potassium emizimbeni yethu. Okusho ukuthi, le hormone isiza umzimba ukugcina i-sodium namanzi owadingayo futhi ikhiphe i-potassium eningi emchameni .
Ngakho-ke, uma ngesizathu esithile le hormone ye-aldosterone ikhishwa ngokweqile, siyibiza ngokuthi i-Hyperaldosteronism. Okwenzekayo-ke ukuthi umzimba ugcina i-sodium namanzi amaningi, bese izinga le-potassium lehla ngengozi. Umphumela oyinhloko walokhu umfutho wegazi ophakeme, okunzima kakhulu ukuwulawula .
Kungani lesi simo senzeka?
I-Hyperaldosteronism ingahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko kuye ngezimbangela.
1. I-Hyperaldosteronism Eyinhloko
Inkinga isesigungwini se-adrenal uqobo. Okusho ukuthi, i-adrenal uqobo ikhiqiza i-aldosterone hormone eningi kakhulu ngaphandle kokulawulwa. Kunezizathu eziningana zalokhu.
| Isizathu | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| I-Adenoma | Lesi yisona sizathu esivame kakhulu. Isimila esingeyona umdlavuza esikhula kwenye yezindlala ze-adrenal. Lesi simo sibizwa nangokuthi i-Conn's syndrome. |
| I-Bilateral Adrenal Hyperplasia | Ukwanda kwezindlala ze-adrenal zombili noma ukukhula ngokweqile kwamaseli azo. |
| Izimila zomdlavuza | Akuvamile kakhulu, lesi simo singabangelwa nayisimila esinomdlavuza endlaleni ye-adrenal. |
| Izimbangela ezizuzwe njengefa | Kungabangelwa futhi yisimo sofuzo esibizwa ngokuthi i-familial hyperaldosteronism. |
2. I-Secondary Hyperaldosteronism (I-Secondary Hyperaldosteronism)
Akukho lutho olungalungile nge-adrenal gland kulokhu. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yesinye isimo sezokwelapha emzimbeni, i-adrenal gland iyakhuthazwa futhi ikhiqize i-aldosterone eyengeziwe. Lokhu kwenzeka ngokusebenzisa uhlelo lwe-renin-angiotensin-aldosterone emzimbeni wethu.
| Izimo zezokwelapha ezingaba khona |
|---|
| I-stenosis yemithambo yezinso (ukuncipha kwemithambo ehambisa igazi ezinso) |
| Ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo |
| Isifo sesibindi esingamahlalakhona |
| Ukukhulelwa |
| Isimila esikhiqiza i-renin |
Ziyini izimpawu zalokhu?
Khumbula, uphawu oluyinhloko noluvame kakhulu lwalesi sifo umfutho wegazi ophakeme, okunzima kakhulu ukuwulawula ngisho nangemithi embalwa evamile.
Ngaphezu kwezimpawu zomfutho wegazi ophakeme, izimpawu zamazinga aphansi e-potassium emzimbeni nazo zingabonakala. Ngezinye izikhathi lesi simo singaba khona ngaphandle kwezimpawu.
| Isigaba sezimpawu | Izici ezibonakalayo |
|---|---|
| Ngenxa yomfutho wegazi ophakeme | Ikhanda elibuhlungu, isiyezi, ukubona okufiphele, isifo senhliziyo. |
| Ngenxa yamazinga aphansi e-potassium (i-Hypokalemia) | Izimo ezinjengokuba ndikindiki ezithweni zangasese, ubuthakathaka bemisipha, ukuqaqamba kwamalunga, kanye nokukhubazeka kwesikhashana. |
| Ngenxa yokungalingani koketshezi nosawoti | Ukudinga njalo ukuchama, ukuvuka ebusuku ukuze uchame, ukoma ngokweqile, ukukhathala okukhulu. |
Ngingathola kanjani ukuthi lokhu kuyatholakala?
Uma unomfutho wegazi ophakeme okunzima ukuwulawula, udokotela wakho angase asole lesi simo futhi enze izivivinyo eziningana.
- Ukuhlolwa kwegazi: Amazinga akho e-potassium, i-aldosterone, ne-renin egazini ayahlolwa. Ku-hyperaldosteronism eyinhloko, i-potassium iphansi kanti i-aldosterone iphezulu. Ku-hyperaldosteronism yesibili, amazinga e-renin nawo aphezulu.
- Ukuhlolwa komchamo: Umchamo oqoqwe emahoreni angama-24 uhlolwa amazinga e-potassium.
- Ukuhlolwa kokufakwa kwe-saline: Amaphilisi e-sodium anikezwa izinsuku ezi-3 noma i-saline inikezwa emithanjeni amahora ama-4, bese kuhlolwa amazinga e-aldosterone egazini noma emchameni.
- Ukuhlolwa kwezithombe: Ukuhlolwa okufana ne-CT scan kungasetshenziswa ukuhlola izimila noma ukukhula kwezindlala ze-adrenal.
- Ukuhlolwa kwemithambo ye-adrenal:Lokhu kuhlolwa kwenziwa uma ukuskena kungaphelele. Lokhu kuhilela ukuthatha amasampula egazi emithanjeni yazo zombili izindlala ze-adrenal ukuze kutholakale ukuthi inkinga ikuyo yini indlala eyodwa noma zombili. Lokhu kuvame ukwenziwa ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa.
- Ukuhlolwa kofuzo: Uma umuntu ongaphansi kweminyaka engama-20 eba nalesi simo noma uma othile emndenini eke waba nalesi sifo, angathunyelwa ukuze ayohlolwa ngofuzo.
Iphathwa kanjani?
Izindlela zokwelapha zincike esibangweni kanye nohlobo lwalesi simo.
- Ukuhlinzwa: Uma inkinga iyisimila endlaleni eyodwa ye-adrenal, udokotela wakho uvame ukuncoma ukuhlinzwa kwe-laparoscopic ukuze kususwe indlala. Lokhu kuhilela ukusikwa okuncane, okungakusiza ukuthi ululame ngokushesha futhi kunciphise ukuhlala kwakho esibhedlela.
- Imithi: Uma kunenkinga ngezindlala zombili ze-adrenal (i-bilateral hyperplasia), ukuhlinzwa akuyona inketho. Kunalokho, kunikezwa imithi evimba ukusebenza kwe-hormone i-aldosterone (isb., i-spironolactone, i-eplerenone). Nakuba le mithi ingelaphi lesi sifo, ingalawula imiphumela yaso.
- Ezinye izindlela zokwelapha: Ku-hyperaldosteronism yesibili, isimo esiyisisekelo (isib. isifo senhliziyo, i-renal artery stenosis) siyaphathwa.
- Izinguquko endleleni yokuphila: Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ukwelashwa kunjani, kubalulekile ukwenza izinguquko ezithile endleleni yokuphila ukuze ulawule umfutho wegazi ophakeme.
- Ukugwema utshwala
- Ukuyeka ukubhema
- Ukuzivocavoca njalo
- Ukulawula isisindo somzimba
- Ukunciphisa ukudla usawoti (i-sodium) ekudleni
Yiziphi izingozi uma zingelashwa?
Uma i-hyperaldosteronism ingelashwa kahle, umfutho wegazi ophakeme wesikhathi eside kanye namazinga aphansi e-potassium kungaholela ezinkingeni ezinkulu.
- Umfutho wegazi ophezulu ungabangela: Ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo, isifo sohlangothi, ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo, isifo sezinso, ngisho nokufa ngaphambi kwesikhathi.
- Amazinga aphansi e-potassium angabangela izimo ezifana nalezi: ubuthakathaka bemisipha, ukukhubazeka, ukuqunjelwa, izinkinga zokusebenza kwe-insulin, kanye nesifo sikashukela.
Ngakho-ke, uma unezimpawu ezifana nomfutho wegazi ophakeme okunzima ukuzilawula, ukoma ngokweqile, ukuchama njalo, noma ubuthakathaka bemisipha, qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela wakho futhi ukhulume ngakho. Ungesabi, lesi yisimo esingatholakala futhi selashwe.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Hyperaldosteronism iwukuba izindlala zakho ze-adrenal zikhiqiza i-hormone i-aldosterone eningi kakhulu.
- Uphawu oluyinhloko lwalokhu umfutho wegazi ophakeme okunzima ukuwulawula ngisho nokusebenzisa imithi eminingana.
- Futhi, izimpawu ezifana namazinga aphansi e-potassium emzimbeni, ubuthakathaka bemisipha, kanye nokuqaqamba kwemisipha kungase kube khona.
- Uma unalezi zimpawu, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngazo. Kubalulekile ukungesabi.
- Kuye ngembangela, lesi simo singelashwa ngempumelelo ngokuhlinzwa, imithi, kanye nokushintsha indlela yokuphila.
I-Hyperaldosteronism, umfutho wegazi ophakeme, izindlala ze-adrenal, i-aldosterone, i-potassium ephansi, umfutho wegazi, i-Conn's syndrome
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