Uma unesifo sikashukela, cishe uyazi ukuthi kuyacasula futhi ngezinye izikhathi kubuhlungu kangakanani ukuzijova nge-insulin izikhathi eziningana ngosuku. Akulula ukuzijova nsuku zonke ngaphambi kokudla, futhi ngezinye izikhathi nangezinye izikhathi. Kodwa-ke, uzomangala ukwazi ukuthi kukhona ubuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe obungenza impilo yakho ibe lula kakhulu esikhundleni sale ndlela yokujova. Lobo buchwepheshe yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi iphampu ye-insulin. Namuhla, sizokhuluma ngalokhu ngokuningiliziwe nangokulula kakhulu.
Iyini iphampu ye-insulin?
Kalula nje, iphampu ye-insulin iyithuluzi elincane lezokwelapha oligqokayo, okungukuthi, linamathele emzimbeni wakho. Lisebenza ngokuletha njalo inani le-insulin olidingayo ngaphansi kwesikhumba sakho. Lo mshini uyithuluzi elisebenzisa ikhompyutha elivame ukuba cishe ngobukhulu bebhokisi elincane lejusi noma idekhi yamakhadi.
Kulabo abadinga i-insulin ukulawula isifo sikashukela sabo, lokhu kuyindlela engcono kunokujova i-insulin izikhathi eziningana ngosuku ngesirinji noma ngepeni (Multiple Daily Injection - MDI).
Ubuchwepheshe bephampu ye-insulin buyathuthuka usuku nosuku. Amaphampu amaningi atholakalayo namuhla asebenza ngokubambisana nobuchwepheshe obubizwa nge -CGM (Continuous Glucose Monitoring) , obuhlala bulinganisa amazinga kashukela egazini lakho. Lokhu kusho ukuthi le phampu ingalungisa ngokuzenzakalelayo inani le-insulin olidingayo ngokusekelwe emazingeni kashukela egazini lakho. Akumangalisi yini?
Lo mshini omncane usebenza kanjani ngaphakathi emzimbeni?
Lokho okwenziwa yile phampu ye-insulin empeleni kulingisa indlela i-pancreas yomuntu ophilile ekhiqiza ngayo i-insulin ngokwemvelo. Okusho ukuthi, ikhipha i-insulin ngezindlela zombili ezenza umzimba wethu udinga i-insulin.
1. Ukuphathwa okuqhubekayo kwe-insulin ngamanani amancane (i-Basal Insulin):
Lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi i-insulin eyisisekelo . Umzimba wethu udinga inani elithile le-insulin ngemisebenzi eyisisekelo, noma ngabe asidli. Lokho okwenziwa yile phampu ukunikeza umzimba i-insulin njalo ngamanani amancane kakhulu usuku lonke, amahora angama-24 ngosuku. Inani lale insulin eyisisekelo umzimba wethu oyidingayo ngezikhathi ezahlukene zosuku lihlukile. Isibonelo, ekuseni, ngoba i-hormone cortisol iphezulu emzimbeni wethu, amazinga kashukela egazini angakhuphuka. Ngakho-ke, inani eliphakeme kancane le-insulin eyisisekelo lingadingeka ekuseni. Kanye nodokotela wakho, ungalungisa la manani ayisisekelo ukuze avumelane nendlela yakho yokuphila. Inzuzo yamaphampu amasha ukuthi angakhuphula noma anciphise ngokuzenzakalelayo leli nani eliyisisekelo ngokusekelwe kudatha etholwe ku-CGM.
2. Ukunikeza inani elidingekayo lapho udla futhi lapho amazinga kashukela egazini ekhuphuka (i-Bolus Insulin):
Lokhu sikubiza ngokuthiI-Insulin Eningi. Uma sidla ukudla, ikakhulukazi ukudla okuqukethe ama-carbohydrate, izinga likashukela egazini liyakhuphuka ngokuzumayo njengoba ligaywa futhi liguqulwa libe ushukela. Ngaleso sikhathi, kudingeka i-insulin eyengeziwe ukulawula lowo shukela. Uma ufaka inani lama-carbohydrate ekudleni okudlayo kanye nezinga likashukela egazini lakho ngaleso sikhathi ephampini, iphampu ibala futhi ikutshele ukuthi udinga i-insulin engakanani. Ngemuva kwalokho ungaqinisekisa lelo nani bese ulinika umzimba wakho ngokucindezela inkinobho.
Kalula nje, i-basal ifana nokuwa okuncane okungaguquki ngemuva. I-Bolus ifana nemvula enkulu enikezwa kuphela uma kudingeka.
Ingabe kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zamaphampu e-insulin?
Yebo, kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zamaphampu e-insulin. Lawo amaphampu anepayipi (i-cannula) kanye namaphampu angenapayipi. Ake siqonde ngokucacile umehluko phakathi kwalezi ezimbili.
| Isici | Amaphampu Anezimbobo | Amaphampu Angenamapayipi/Ama-Patch |
|---|---|---|
| Ukubukeka nezingxenye | Kukhona umshini wokupompa kanye nepayipi elide elixhunywe kuwo. Ekupheleni kwepayipi kukhona 'isethi yokufaka' exhumanisa nesikhumba. | Akukho payipi. 'I-pod' equkethe i-insulin kanye nengxenye efakwa esikhumbeni kokubili kukodwa. Lokhu kunganamathela esikhumbeni njengeplasta. |
| Indlela yokulawula | Iphampu ilawulwa isikrini nezinkinobho ezikuphampu ngokwayo. Iphampu ingathwalwa ephaketheni noma ixhunywe ezingutsheni. | Ilawulwa ngaphandle kwentambo kusetshenziswa 'isilawuli' esiphathwa ngesandla esihlukile. |
| Ukulungiswa | Ngokuvamile, ikhatriji ye-insulin kanye nesethi yokufakwa exhumanisa nesikhumba kudingeka kushintshwe njalo ezinsukwini ezingu-2-3. | Njalo ezinsukwini ezingu-2-3, udinga ukususa lonke i-pod bese ufaka elisha. |
| Ukumelana namanzi | Ezinye azinamanzi, kodwa isikhathi esiningi, unganqamula iphampu epayipini ngenkathi ugeza noma ubhukuda. Ungalixhuma kabusha kamuva. | Lezi azinamanzi nhlobo, ngakho-ke ungageza noma ubhukude ngenkathi uzigqokile. |
Ingxenye exhumanisa nesikhumba (Isethi Yokufaka/I-Cannula)
Zombili izinhlobo zisebenzisa ishubhu elincane lepulasitiki eliguquguqukayo elibizwa ngokuthi i- cannula ukuze lilethe i-insulin ngaphansi kwesikhumba. Lokhu kufakwa esikhumbeni ngosizo lwenaliti encane. Ngemva kokufakwa kwenaliti, inaliti iyasuswa, kusale i-cannula yepulasitiki ethambile kuphela ngaphansi kwesikhumba. Yingakho ingenabuhlungu kakhulu. Ingaxhunywa ezindaweni ezifana nesisu, ingalo engenhla, izinqe, namathanga.
Ngubani ofanelekela le phampu kangcono?
Noma yimuphi umuntu onesifo sikashukela odinga i-insulin, okuhlanganisa izingane ezincane kanye nabantu abadala abanesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1, kanye nabanye abantu abanesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2, bangasebenzisa le phampu.
Iphampu ye-insulin ingaba usizo kakhulu kuwe ezimweni ezilandelayo:
- Uma unenkinga yokulawula amazinga kashukela egazini lakho ngisho nangemva kokujova izikhathi eziningana ngosuku.
- Uma ufuna ukulawula umthamo wakho we-insulin ngokunembe kakhudlwana nangokuvumelana nezimo .
- Uma amahora akho okusebenza kanye nezikhathi zokudla zishintsha njalo .
- Uma inani le-insulin olidingayo lincane kakhulu (lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi ezinganeni ezincane).
- Uma unesifo esinciphisa ijubane lokugaya ukudla, njenge- gastroparesis .
- Uma unesifo esibizwa ngokuthi i-Dawn Phenomenon, lapho amazinga kashukela egazini enyuka khona ekuseni.
- Uma ulungiselela ukukhulelwa .
Yiziphi izinzuzo kanye nokungalungi kwephampu ye-insulin?
Njenganoma yini, iphampu ye-insulin inezinzuzo kanye nokungalungi. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela kokubili ngaphambi kokwenza isinqumo.
| Izinzuzo | Ububi Nezingozi |
|---|---|
| Ukulawula okungcono: Amazinga kashukela egazini angalawulwa kahle kakhulu. I-insulin ingalungiswa ukuze ivumelane nokudla okuhlukahlukene kanye nokuzivocavoca. | Ukuyeka ukulethwa kwe-insulin: Ukulethwa kwe-insulin emzimbeni kungaphazanyiswa yizici ezifana nokuklinya, ukuvaleka, noma ukukhishwa kwe-cannula. |
| Ukujova okuncane: Esikhundleni sokujova kaningi ngosuku, ungashintsha nje i-cannula njalo ezinsukwini ezingu-2-3. | Ingozi ye-DKA: Uma ukuphakelwa kwe-insulin kuphazamiseka amahora amaningana, amazinga kashukela egazini angakhuphuka kakhulu (i-hyperglycemia), okuholela esimweni esibizwa ngokuthi i-Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) , esingaba yingozi empilweni. |
| Izinga lempilo elithuthukisiwe: Abantu abaningi bathi izimpilo zabo sezilula kakhulu futhi bazizwa bekhululekile ngemva kokushintshela kuphampu. | Ibiza kakhulu: Iphampu kanye nezingxenye ezisele ezidingekayo kuyo zingabiza kakhulu kunendlela evamile yokujova. |
| Ukuhlaziywa kwedatha: Ngokulayisha idatha kusuka epomponi uye kukhompyutha, wena nodokotela wakho ningathola ukuqonda okungcono ngamaphethini akho ezinga likashukela egazini. | Ihlala ivuliwe: Njengoba le divayisi idinga ukuba semzimbeni ngaso sonke isikhathi, kungase kungabi lula kwabanye abantu. |
| Ukuxhumana ne-CGM: Ixhunywe ku-CGM ehlala ilinganisa amazinga kashukela egazini, ingalawula i-insulin ngokuzenzakalelayo. | Ukungezwani komzimba nesikhumba:Abanye abantu bangase babe nokungezwani noplasta onamathisela ipompo noma i-infusion ebekwe esikhumbeni. |
Kubaluleke kakhulu: Uma usebenzisa iphampu ye-insulin, kubalulekile ukuthi uhlale unohlelo lokusekela uma kwenzeka isimo esiphuthumayo . Gcina ipeni noma isirinji ye-insulin eduze uma kwenzeka iphampu iyeka ukusebenza noma ukunikezwa kwe-insulin kuyeka. Qiniseka ukuthi uthintana nodokotela wakho ngalokhu.
Ngingayikhetha kanjani ipompo engifanelayo?
Lesi yisinqumo esikhulu. Ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukwenza ucwaningo lwakho nokukhuluma nodokotela wakho ngaphambi kokwenza isinqumo. Ngaphambi kokukhetha iphampu, ungazibuza le mibuzo.
- Ingabe ngidinga eyodwa enepayipi noma engenayo? Yiziphi izinzuzo nezingozi zazo zombili?
- Ingakanani iphampu, isisindo, kanye nokubukeka kwayo? Ingabe ngizokwazi ukuphila nayo ngokunethezeka?
- Kubiza malini lokhu? Ingabe umshwalense wami uzowukhokhela lo mbandela?
- Ufundisa kanjani ukuthi ungayisebenzisa kanjani le ndlela? Ingabe uthola ukuqeqeshwa okuhle?
- Ingabe lokhu kuyasebenza nobuchwepheshe be-CGM?
- Ingabe ipompo ayingeni manzi?
- Zithini izixwayiso kulokhu? Ziyazwakala noma ziyadlidliza?
- Ngingasibona kahle isikrini? Kulula yini ukusisebenzisa?
- Ingaxhunywa kuluphi uhlobo lwamadivayisi ahlakaniphile? (isb. uhlelo lokusebenza lwefoni)
Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngakho konke lokhu ngokukhululekile. Uzokusiza ukuthi ukhethe iphampu efanelana kahle nempilo yakho nendlela yakho yokuphila.
Ekuphetheni, iphampu ye-insulin iwubuchwepheshe obuhle kakhulu obuletha ukulula okukhulu kanye nenkululeko kubantu abaningi abanesifo sikashukela. Kodwa ayifanele wonke umuntu. Futhi ayihlali njalo. Uma uthola iphampu futhi ukuthole kungalungi, ungabuyela njalo emijovweni. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukwaziswa ngendlela yokwelapha engcono kakhulu kuwe bese wenza isinqumo esingcono kakhulu ngokusekelwe eselulekoni sezokwelapha.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Iphampu ye-insulin iyindlela elula nethuthukisiwe yokuzijova izikhathi eziningana ngosuku.
- Lokhu kusebenza njengepancreas yomzimba wakho, kunikeza inani elifanele le-insulin uma ulidinga (njenge-basal kanye ne-bolus).
- Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko, ezifakwe amapayipi kanye nezingenamapayipi (amaphampu okufaka amapayipi). Ungakhetha eyodwa ngokuya ngokunethezeka kwakho.
- Nakuba ukusebenzisa iphampu kungasiza ekulawuleni amazinga kashukela egazini kangcono, kunengozi yokuthi ukuphakelwa kwe-insulin kuphazamiseke.
- Ngakho-ke, hlala ugcina ipeni noma isirinji se-insulin eduze uma kwenzeka isimo esiphuthumayo.
- Ngaphambi kokukhetha iphampu ekufanele, xoxa ngokucophelela ngezinzuzo zayo, ukungalungi, izindleko, kanye nokulula kokusetshenziswa kwayo nodokotela wakho.
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