Ingabe ngezinye izikhathi uthukuthela kakhulu kangangokuthi awukwazi ngisho nokukulawula, ngisho nangesigameko esincane? Uyamemeza, uvale iminyango, uphonsa izinto phansi, futhi ngezinye izikhathi uze ushaye othile. Ngemva kokuba konke sekuphelile, ingabe uzizwa udabukile kakhulu futhi unamahloni, ucabanga ukuthi, "O, kungani ngenze lokho?" Uma uke waba nalokhu okuhlangenwe nakho, awuwedwa. Namuhla sikhuluma ngesimo sempilo yengqondo esingabangela lolu hlobo lwentukuthelo engalawuleki. Leso yi-Intermittent Explosive Disorder, noma i-IED ngamafuphi.
Kalula nje, iyini i-Intermittent Explosive Disorder (IED)?
Kalula nje, i-Intermittent Explosive Disorder (IED) yisimo sempilo yengqondo esibonakala ngokuqhuma njalo, okungahleliwe, nokungazelelwe kwentukuthelo engalawuleki noma ukuziphatha okunolaka. Okubaluleke kakhulu, intukuthelo ayilingani nhlobo nesenzakalo esiyibangele. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ngisho nenkinga encane kakhulu ingabangela ukucindezeleka okukhulu.
Cabanga ngomuntu ogxuma phambi kwakho emgqeni. Umuntu ojwayelekile angacasuka kancane, futhi mhlawumbe angasho lutho. Kodwa umuntu one-IED angase athukuthele kakhulu kangangokuthi akakwazi ukuzibamba, angase amemeze lowo muntu, futhi aqale ukulwa okukhulu.
Uma lokhu kuqubuka kungenzeki, laba bantu baziphatha ngendlela evamile futhi kahle. Kodwa uma bekwenza, abakwazi ukulawula intukuthelo yabo. Lokhu akuyona nje intukuthelo, kuyisifo sengqondo. Cishe abantu abangu-80% abanalesi simo bangase babe nesinye isifo sengqondo esisodwa noma ngaphezulu, njengokukhathazeka noma isifo sokuphazamiseka kwengqondo.
Ubani othinteka kakhulu yilesi simo?
I-IED ingathinta izingane ezingaphezu kweminyaka eyi-6 kanye nabantu abadala. Kodwa-ke, abantu abadala abatholakala benalesi simo bavame ukuba ngaphansi kweminyaka engama-40. Futhi, lesi simo sivame kakhulu kwabesilisa kunabesifazane.
Ucwaningo lulinganisela ukuthi phakathi kuka-1.4% no-7% wabantu bomhlaba bangase babe ne-IED, okusho ukuthi akuyona into engavamile.
Ziyini izimpawu ze-IED? Sizibona kanjani?
Uphawu oluyinhloko ukuqhuma kwentukuthelo okungazelelwe okungafanele isimo. Abantu abanalesi sifo bayazi ukuthi intukuthelo yabo ayilungile, kodwa ngaleso sikhathi bazizwa sengathi abakwazi ukuyilawula.
Kunezici eziningana ezivamile zalokhu kuqubuka kwentukuthelo:
- Akuhlosiwe: Lezi akuzona izinto ezihlelwe kusengaphambili, njengokuthi, "Ngizolwa no-Aruth namuhla." Yizinto ezenzeka ngokuzumayo.
- Kwenzeka ngokushesha: Uma othile elimele noma ethukuthele, lokhu kuqubuka kwenzeka ngemizuzwana embalwa.
- Isikhathi esifushane: Isiqongo sale ntukuthelo ngokuvamile asidluli imizuzu engama-30.
- Ukucindezeleka ngemva kwenhlekelele: Ngemva kokuphela kwentukuthelo, kuba nokucindezeleka okukhulu, amahloni, nokudabuka.
- Umthelela ebudlelwaneni: Lokhu kuziphatha kubangela izinkinga esikoleni, emsebenzini nasekhaya.
Into ebalulekile ukuthi umuntu one-IED akayena umuntu omubi. Ulwa nale mizwa engalawuleki. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuqonda lokhu njengesimo sezokwelapha esidinga ukwelashwa, kunenkinga yokuziphatha.
Ithebula elingezansi libonisa indlela le ntukuthelo ephuma ngayo kanye nemizwa eyandulelayo.
| Uhlobo oluyisici | Izibonelo nezincazelo |
|---|---|
| Ukuqhuma okukhulu |
|
| Izinto ozizwayo ngaphambi kokuthukuthela |
Lokhu kuqubuka kwentukuthelo ngezinye izikhathi kungaba yinto encane, kodwa futhi kungaba yingozi kangangokuthi kungabangela ukulimala okukhulu noma ngisho nokufa. Ngemva kokuphela kwentukuthelo, kuba nomuzwa wokuqala wokukhululeka, kodwa bese kuba nokuzisola okukhulu kanye namahloni ngalokho okwenziwe.
Kungani lokhu kwenzeka? Yiziphi izimbangela ze-IED?
Abacwaningi basazama ukuthola imbangela eqondile, kodwa ngokusekelwe kulokho abakutholile kuze kube manje, bakholelwa ukuthi kunezici ezintathu eziyinhloko ezihilelekile.
1. Izici zofuzo: Lesi simo singase siqhubeke emindenini. Lokhu kusho ukuthi uma umzali noma isihlobo esiseduze sinalolu hlobo lokuziphatha okungazelelwe, kunethuba lokuthi nezingane zabo nazo zizoba nalo. Izifundo ziphakamisa ukuthi phakathi kuka-44% no-72% wesikhathi, izakhi zofuzo zidlala indima ekuthuthukisweni kwalolu hlobo lokuziphatha.
2. Izici zebhayoloji: Izinguquko esakhiweni nasekusebenzeni kobuchopho zingaba yimbangela. Isibonelo, ukuhlolwa kwe-MRI kobuchopho kukhombisile ukuthi abantu abane-IED banezinguquko ku -amygdala, ingxenye yobuchopho ehilelekile ekulawulweni kwemizwelo. Bathole nokuthi abantu abane-IED banamazinga aphansi e-neurotransmitter serotonin, elawula isimo sethu sengqondo.
3. Izici zemvelo: Okuhlangenwe nakho okubuhlungu okwenzeka ebuntwaneni kunethonya elikhulu kulokhu.
- Ukuhlukunyezwa ngokomzimba noma ngokwengqondo ngesikhathi useyingane.
- Ukubona abanye ekhaya behlukunyezwa.
- Ukubhekana nesenzakalo esisodwa noma ngaphezulu esibuhlungu ngesikhathi useyingane.
Okuhlangenwe nakho okufana nalokhu kungathinta ukukhula kobuchopho kanye nendlela imizwa elawulwa ngayo, okungaholela kamuva ku-IED.
Wazi kanjani ukuthi lokhu kuyi-IED? (Ukuxilongwa)
Uma usola ngisho nokuncane ukuthi wena noma ingane yakho inalesi simo, into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho. Cishe uzokudlulisela kumeluleki wezempilo yengqondo (udokotela wezifo zengqondo, isazi sokusebenza kwengqondo) onolwazi kule ndawo.
Umeluleki wezempilo yengqondo uhlonza lesi simo ngokukhuluma nawe ngokucophelela nangokubheka izimpawu zakho ngokuningiliziwe. Bazokubuza imibuzo efana nalokhu:
- Umlando wezokwelapha wakho nowomndeni wakho (ikakhulukazi ukugula ngengqondo).
- Mayelana nobudlelwano bakho bomuntu siqu.
- Umlando wesikole noma womsebenzi.
- Ikhono lokulawula izifiso zakho.
Ukuze kutholakale ukuthi une-IED, okungenani eyodwa yalezi zindlela ezilandelayo kumele kuhlangatshezwane nazo:
| Uhlobo lwesiqephu | Incazelo (Imigomo) |
|---|---|
| Ukuqhuma okuvamile, kodwa okunamandla aphansi (Imvamisa Ephakeme/Ukuqina Okuphansi) | Ukuhlasela ngamazwi (ukuklabalasa, ukuphikisana) noma ukuhlasela okungabangeli ukulimala ngokomzimba empahleni, ezilwaneni, noma kubantu, okwenzeka okungenani kabili ngesonto esikhathini sezinyanga ezintathu. Lokhu akubangeli ukulimala okukhulu noma umonakalo empahleni. |
| Ukuqhuma okungajwayelekile, kodwa okunamandla aphezulu (Imvamisa Ephansi/Ukuqina Okuphezulu) | Phakathi nenkathi yezinyanga ezingu-12, okungenani ukuqhuma okukhulu okuthathu okuholela ekubhujisweni kwempahla noma ekulimaleni ngokomzimba kwezilwane/abantu. |
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi izinga lentukuthelo alilingani nhlobo nesigameko. Futhi akuyona inhloso. Udokotela uzoqinisekisa nokuthi lezi zimpawu azibangelwa esinye isifo sengqondo, ukugula ngokomzimba, noma ukusebenzisa kabi izidakamizwa.
Ingabe ikhona indlela yokwelapha lesi simo?
Yebo, impela. I-IED yisimo esingaphathwa ngempumelelo. Umgomo oyinhloko wokwelashwa ukuqeda ngokuphelele izimpawu (ukuqhuma kwentukuthelo) noma ukunciphisa ubukhali bazo kanye nokuvama kwazo kuze kufike ezingeni lapho umuntu nabanye bangaphila khona ngokuphepha.
Izindlela zokwelapha zihlukaniswe kakhulu izingxenye ezimbili:
1. Ukwelapha ngokwengqondo
Lena yindlela yokwelapha eyinhloko. I-Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) ikakhulukazi iphumelela kakhulu.
Ku-CBT, udokotela wezokwelapha uyakusiza ukuthi ubheke ngokujulile imicabango nemizwa yakho. Ungaqonda ukuthi imicabango yakho ithinta kanjani izenzo zakho. Ngale ndlela, ufunda ukushintsha amaphethini okucabanga angalungile abangela intukuthelo, ucabange futhi uziphathe ngezindlela ezinempilo.
Amanye amasu athile asetshenziswa ku-CBT:
- Ukuhlelwa Kabusha Kwengqondo: Ukushintsha indlela ocabanga ngayo ngezimo ezibangela intukuthelo.
- Ukuqeqeshwa Kokuphumula: Prakthiza ukuphendula ngokuthula ezimweni ezivusa intukuthelo ngokusebenzisa amasu anjengokuphefumula okujulile kanye nokuphumula kwemisipha.
- Ukuqeqeshwa Kwamakhono Okubhekana Nesimo: Lingisa izimo ezingaholela entukuthelweni bese uzijwayeza ukuthi ungabhekana kanjani nayo ngendlela enempilo (isib., ukushiya isimo).
- Ukuvimbela Ukubuyela Emuva: Uma lolu hlobo lokuziphatha luphinde luvele ngemva kokwelashwa, alubhekwa njengokwehluleka, kodwa kunalokho lubhekwa njengesifundo esifundwe futhi safundiswa ukuthi singaqhubekela kanjani phambili.
2. Imithi
Ngezinye izikhathi, odokotela batusa ukusebenzisa imithi kanye nokwelashwa kwengqondo. Le mithi isebenza ngokukhulisa izinga lakho lentukuthelo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi awusathukutheleli izinto ezincane ezazikuthukuthelisa.
I-Fluoxetine iyisidakamizwa esifundwe kabanzi ngale njongo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izidakamizwa zokucindezeleka, izidakamizwa zokuphazamiseka kwengqondo, kanye nezindlela zokulawula imizwa nazo zinganikezwa udokotela kuye ngeminyaka kanye nezimpawu.
Ingabe lesi simo sizoqhubeka? Yiziphi ezinye izingozi ezingase zivele?
Abantu abane-IED bangase babhekane nokwehla kokwaneliseka empilweni kanye nekhwalithi yokuphila ephansi. Lokhu kungaba nomthelela omubi kakhulu empilweni yakho nasebudlelwaneni bakho bomuntu siqu.
Nakuba ingaphathwa ngempumelelo ngokwelashwa, izifundo zibonisa ukuthi i-IED ngokuvamile iyisimo sesikhathi eside, esihlala iminyaka engu-12-20, noma ngisho nokuphila konke.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, abantu abane-IED basengozini enkulu yokuthola lezi zimo ezilandelayo:
- Ukucindezeleka
- Ukukhathazeka
- Inkinga Yokusetshenziswa Kotshwala Nezidakamizwa
Ingozi enkulu ngalesi simo ukuzilimaza kanye nemicabango yokuzibulala . Ngakho-ke, uma wena noma othile emndenini wakho enalezi zimpawu, kubaluleke kakhulu ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha okukhulu.
Uma wena noma othile omaziyo enemicabango yokuzilimaza, sicela ushayele inombolo yosizo lwezempilo yengqondo yaseSri Lanka ethi 1926 ngokushesha.
Izinto ongazenza ukuze uzinakekele
Uma une-IED, kubalulekile ukufuna ukwelashwa kochwepheshe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubalulekile ukufaka izinto ozifunda ekwelashweni empilweni yakho.
- Zijwayeze amasu okuzola: Zijwayeze izinto ezifana nokuphefumula okujulile nsuku zonke.
- Shintsha izindlela zakho zokucabanga: Uma kuvela intukuthelo, zibuze, "Kungani lokhu kwenzeka kimi?" bese uzama ukushintsha lowo mcabango.
- Thuthukisa amakhono okuxhumana: Zijwayeze ukuveza imizwa yakho ngokuthula ngamazwi, ngaphandle kwentukuthelo.
- Zisuse ezimweni ezicindezelayo: Uma uzizwa uthukuthele, zisuse kulesi simo isikhashana uma kungenzeka.
Gwema utshwala nezidakamizwa ngokuphelele. Lokhu kungenza ukuziphatha kwakho ngokuphamazela kube kubi nakakhulu.
Uma othile emndenini wakho noma oseduze nawe ene-IED, kungakucindezela ngokwengqondo nakuwe. Ngakho-ke, nakekela impilo yakho yengqondo. Funa iseluleko uma kudingeka. Kubaluleke kakhulu futhi ukuthatha izinyathelo zokuzivikela wena nezingane zakho.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Isifo Sokuqhuma Esiqhubekayo (IED) asiyona nje imizwa yentukuthelo, kodwa yisifo sengqondo esidinga ukwelashwa.
- Intukuthelo lapha ayilingani nhlobo nesigameko esiyimbangela.
- Lesi simo singathonywa yizakhi zofuzo, izinto eziphilayo (izinguquko zobuchopho), kanye nezici zemvelo (okuhlangenwe nakho kwasebuntwaneni).
- Lesi simo singaphathwa ngempumelelo ngokwelashwa kwengqondo njenge-CBT kanye, uma kudingeka, nemithi.
- Uma wena noma othile omaziyo enalezi zimpawu, ungabi namahloni noma wesabe ukubona udokotela ucele usizo. Luwusizo olukhulu kakhulu ongalwenzela wena.
- Uma unemicabango yokuzibulala, sicela ushayele inombolo yosizo ku -1926. Awuwedwa.
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