Ngezinye izikhathi ekuphileni kwethu, sizizwa sithwele kanzima, sinesizungu, futhi sidabukile, akunjalo? Kunezikhathi lapho izingqondo zethu zididekile futhi sizizwa sidangele kangangokuthi asikwazi ukwenza lutho ngenxa yezinkinga zomndeni, abangane, noma umsebenzi. Wake wacabanga ukuthi izinkinga ebudlelwaneni obufana nalezi zithinta ngqo impilo yakho yengqondo? Namuhla, sizokhuluma ngendlela yokwelapha ephumelela kakhulu ethola ikhambi laleyo nkinga.
Kalula nje, iyini i-IPT?
Igama eliphelele le-IPT lithi i-Interpersonal Psychotherapy . NgesiSinhala, kungathiwa "i-Interpersonal Psychotherapy". Kodwa uma ukusho kanjalo, kunzima ukukuqonda, akunjalo?
Kulungile, ake sikubeke ngale ndlela. Igama elithi "Interpersonal" lisho "ubudlelwano phakathi kwabantu. " Igama elithi "Psychotherapy" liyindlela yokwelapha enikeza inhlalakahle yengqondo ngokukhuluma. Ngakho-ke, kafushane nje, i-IPT uhlobo olukhethekile lokwelapha ngenkulumo olukusiza ukunciphisa ukucindezeleka, ukudabuka, nokukhathazeka, futhi luthuthukise ubudlelwano bakho nabanye abantu empilweni yakho.
Kulokhu kwelashwa, usebenzisana nochwepheshe wezempilo yengqondo , njengososayensi wengqondo, ukuze uqonde kangcono imizwa yakho nokuthi ithinta kanjani ubudlelwano bakho. Ufunda nokuthi ungathola kanjani ukwesekwa kwabathandekayo bakho ngezikhathi ezinzima.
Ukwelashwa kwe-IPT kuvame ukuba nenani elilinganiselwe lezikhathi. Ngezinye izikhathi, udokotela wakho angase akunike imithi yokusiza ukulawula isimo sakho sengqondo kanye nalokhu kwelashwa.
Yiziphi izinhlobo zezinkinga zempilo yengqondo ezisiza ngazo ukwelashwa kwe-IPT?
Izazi zengqondo nabanye ochwepheshe bezempilo yengqondo basebenzisa i-IPT kaningi ukusiza abantu abanesifo sokucindezeleka okukhulu . Uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izimo zempilo yengqondo, kunobufakazi obuqinile bokuthi i-IPT iyasebenza ekucindezelekeni.
I-IPT ingasetshenziswa njengokwelashwa okuyinhloko kokucindezeleka noma njengokwelashwa kwesikhathi eside kunoma ubani kusukela kwabancane kuya kwabadala. Ngokuvamile kunconywa ukuthola lokhu kwelashwa kanye ngesonto amasonto ayi-12 kuya kwangu-16.
Kodwa kubalulekile futhi ukukhumbula ukuthi kunezinye izindlela zokwelapha ezingasiza ekulawuleni ukucindezeleka. Isibonelo , i-Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) . Wonke umuntu uhlukile. Ngakho-ke, ukwelashwa okukodwa kungasebenza kangcono kuwe kunokunye. Ungakhuluma nodokotela wakho ngalokho okukulungele.
Ngaphezu kokucindezeleka, ukwelashwa kwe-IPT kungasiza futhi ekuphatheni lezi zimo zempilo yengqondo ezilandelayo:
- I-Bulimia nervosa - Isifo sokudla esibonakala ngokudla ngokweqile bese uzama ukuhlanza.
- Isifo sokudla ngokweqile - isifo sokudla ngokweqile okungalawuleki.
- Isifo sokucindezeleka ngemva kokwethuka (PTSD) - isimo sengqondo esenzeka ngemva kwesigameko esibuhlungu kakhulu.
- Izinkinga zokukhathazeka - izimo ezibangela ukwesaba nokukhathazeka ngokweqile.
Lokhu kwelashwa kwe-IPT kusebenza kanjani?
Izimiso eziyisisekelo zokwelashwa kwe-IPT yilezi:
Ubudlelwano obuyinkinga empilweni yakho buhlobene ngqo nesimo sakho sengqondo samanje. Ukuthuthukisa lobu budlelwano kungathuthukisa isimo sakho sengqondo kanye nezimpawu zempilo yengqondo. Futhi lapho isimo sakho sengqondo kanye nezimpawu zakho zithuthuka, ubudlelwano bakho buzothuthuka nakakhulu.
Kalula nje, kufana nomjikelezo omubi. Uma ubudlelwano bakho nabanye bungcono, izimpawu zakho zizoba ngcono. Uma izimpawu zakho ziba ngcono, ubudlelwano bakho buzoba namandla kakhulu.
Phakathi nale nqubo yokwelashwa, umelaphi wakho uzokwakha indawo esekelayo, engahluleli, nephephile lapho ungakhuluma khona ngokukhululekile nganoma yiziphi izinkinga noma izinkinga zobudlelwano ongase ube nazo ngaphandle kokwesaba.
Kunezindawo eziningana eziyinkinga ezibhekwana nazo kakhulu ekwelashweni kwe-IPT. Ake sizihlolisise.
| Indawo enenkinga | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| Usizi nokushonelwa | Indlela yokubhekana nosizi nokukhathazeka okuhambisana nesenzakalo esifana nokufa kothandekayo. Ngezinye izikhathi lolu sizi lungahlala engqondweni isikhathi eside. |
| Izingxabano Zendima Yokuxhumana Kwabantu | Izingxabano ezivame ukwenzeka nomlingani, izingane, abazali, umphathi, noma osebenza nabo. Lezi zingxabano zingavela ngoba bobabili abantu banezidingo ezihlukile. |
| Ukuguqulwa Kwendima | Izinguquko ezinkulu empilweni. Isibonelo, ukucindezeleka okubangelwa ukushada, ukuba nomntwana, ukushintsha imisebenzi, ukuthatha umhlalaphansi, noma ukuthuthela edolobheni elisha. |
| Ukuntuleka Kokuxhumana Kwabantu | Ubunzima bokuqala ubudlelwano obusha noma ukugcina obukhona. Ukuzizwa uhlukanisiwe futhi unesizungu emphakathini. |
Udokotela wakho wezifo zengqondo uzokhuluma nawe ngalezi zinselele nokuthi zithinta kanjani isimo sakho sengqondo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, bazokusiza ukuthola ukwesekwa komphakathi futhi bathuthukise ikhwalithi yobudlelwano bakho.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi abelaphi be-IPT bahlale bekutshela ukuthi, "Awunacala ngempilo yakho yengqondo." Kunalokho, bakunika amandla okuzelapha ngokubhekana nezinkinga zobudlelwano ezingase zibangele izimpawu zakho.
Lokhu kwelashwa akuyona into ezokunikeza imiphumela esheshayo. Ngezinye izikhathi kuthatha isikhathi, futhi kungase kudingeke ukhulume ngezinto ezinzima kuwe. Cabanga ngomeluleki wakho njengomlingani ohamba nawe kulolu hambo. Njengoba nisebenza ndawonye ukufeza imigomo yenu, nizobona intuthuko yenu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Yiziphi izinzuzo nezinselele zalokhu kwelashwa?
Ngokwelashwa kwe-IPT, uthola ukuqonda okungcono kwemizwa yakho, imicabango, kanye nokuziphatha kwakho, kanye nendlela ezithinta ngayo ubudlelwano bakho kanye nesimo sakho sengqondo. Ngemva kokwelashwa, abantu abaningi baqala ukusebenzisa izindlela ezinempilo zokuhlobana nabanye.
Ukwelashwa kwe-IPT ngeke kuqede izehlakalo ezicindezelayo empilweni yakho, kodwa kuzokusiza ukuthi ubhekane nazo ngendlela enhle futhi udale isimo sengqondo esingcono.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, izifundo zibonise ukuthi ukwelashwa kwe-IPT kuhlanganiswe nemithi (njengemithi yokucindezeleka) kusebenza kangcono kunemithi yodwa ekulawuleni ukucindezeleka.
Ngezinye izikhathi, ngesikhathi sokwelashwa, ungase uzizwe ucindezelekile ngokomzwelo. Lokho kuvamile. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ungase ukhulume ngemizwa ebuhlungu efihliwe ngaphakathi. Kodwa ungakhathazeki. Udokotela wakho wezokwelapha uzokusiza ukubhekana nale mizwa. Ungasebenzisa futhi amakhono owafundayo ukunqoba le mizwa engemihle.
Kufanele ngithole lokhu kwelashwa isikhathi esingakanani?
Ukwelashwa kwe-IPT kuvame ukuhlala amasonto ayi-12 kuya kwangu-16. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yokuthi wonke umuntu uhlukile futhi izimo zempilo yengqondo ziyinkimbinkimbi, isikhathi sokwelashwa singahluka kuye ngomuntu.
Ungadikibali ukucabanga ngesikhathi esizothatha ukulawula imicabango nemizwa yakho nokufeza impilo engcono. Into ebalulekile ukuthi ucele usizo. Ngisho nokuthuthuka okuncane kuyinqobo enkulu.
Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela?
Kuvamile ukuzizwa ungakhululekile ngesikhathi sokwelashwa. Kodwa-ke, uma izimpawu zakho zengqondo ziba zimbi kakhulu, bona udokotela wakho ngokushesha.
Uma ucabanga ngokuzibulala, ungalibali ukubona udokotela noma uye esibhedlela esiseduze noMnyango Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU). Kukhona nezinombolo zocingo ezikhethekile eSri Lanka lapho ungathola khona usizo ngalokhu. Ungathola usizo ngokushayela ucingo lwe-National Institute of Mental Health's hotline 1926 noma izinhlangano ezifana neSumithrayo. Awuwedwa, kuhlale kukhona umuntu ozokusiza.
Ngingamthola kanjani umelaphi olapha nge-IPT?
Ukuthola umelaphi ofanele ngezinye izikhathi kungathatha isikhathi, kodwa ungayeki.
- Buza udokotela womndeni wakho (GP): Buza ngodokotela wengqondo noma wezifo zengqondo omuhle owenza ukwelashwa kwe-IPT.
- Buza abangani noma umndeni othembekile: bangase bazi ngalokhu.
- Bheka udokotela oqondisa kuye: Udokotela wezifo zengqondo noma isazi sokusebenza kwengqondo bafanelekile ukwenza lokhu.
Qiniseka ukuthi noma yimuphi umelaphi omkhethayo ungumeluleki wezempilo yengqondo ogunyaziwe nguhulumeni. Futhi, qiniseka ukuthi uphatha inkinga yakho (njengokucindezeleka, izinkinga zokudla, nokukhathazeka).
Ukuvuma ukuthi unenkinga yempilo yengqondo nokucela usizo kungaba yinselele enkulu. Kodwa kungenye yezinto ezinkulu ongazenzela zona. I-IPT ingakusiza uqonde izithiyo ezibangela ukucindezeleka kwakho futhi ikusize uzinqobe.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-IPT iyindlela yokwelapha yokukhuluma ephumelelayo egxile ekuxhumaneni phakathi kobudlelwano bakho nesimo sakho sengqondo.
- Ukwelashwa kwe-IPT kuye kwabonakala kusebenza kahle kakhulu, ikakhulukazi ekucindezelekeni.
- Lokhu ukwelashwa kwesikhashana, ngokuvamile amasonto ayi-12-16.
- Lokhu kwelashwa akukusoli. Kunalokho, kukufundisa amakhono owadingayo ukuze uxazulule izinkinga ebudlelwaneni bakho.
- Uma ubhekene nokucindezeleka, ungesabi ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nokuthi ukwelashwa kwe-IPT kulungile yini kuwe.
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