Ngezinye izikhathi, ngenxa yokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo okukhulu, ukuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo, noma esinye isimo sezokwelapha esibucayi, inhliziyo yethu ingaba buthakathaka kakhulu. Njengomuntu okhathele ngenxa yokusebenza kanzima, inhliziyo ayikwazi ukupompa igazi elanele emzimbeni. Esimweni esinzima kangaka, sizokhuluma ngedivayisi ekhethekile esetshenziselwa ukunikeza inhliziyo ukuphumula okuncane nokuyisiza. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-Intra-Aortic Balloon Pump, noma i-IABP ngamafuphi.
Kalula nje, iyini le IABP?
I-IABP iyithuluzi lezokwelapha elide nelincane elibunjwe njengebhaluni. Lifakwa emthanjeni wegazi oyinhloko womzimba wethu futhi lenzelwe ukufutha nokuphuma kwegazi ngokwemisebenzi yenhliziyo. Cabanga nje, lapho inhliziyo yakho isebenza kanzima kakhulu futhi ingakwazi ukupompa igazi, leli bhaluni lisebenza "njengomsizi" omncane osizayo.
Into ebalulekile ukuthi, lokhu kuvame ukushiywa emzimbeni izinsuku ezimbalwa kuphela. Akuhlali njalo. Kumane kuyinkxaso yesikhashana kuze kube yilapho inhliziyo isibuyele esimweni sayo esijwayelekile.
Isebenza kanjani le nto? Kuyamangalisa!
Kulula kakhulu ukuqonda ukuthi lokhu kusebenza kanjani. Inhliziyo yethu inemisebenzi emibili eyinhloko, akunjalo? Omunye uwukufinyeza (ukucindezela) nokupompa igazi emzimbeni wonke. Omunye uwukuphumula (ukwandisa) nokugcwalisa ngegazi.
Umbono we-IABP usiza kakhulu le nqubo.
- Uma inhliziyo iphumule futhi igcwele igazi: Ibhaluni liyagcwala . Uma lokhu kwenzeka, igazi eliningi ligeleza liye emithanjeni yenhliziyo, ehlinzeka ngegazi enhliziyweni. Lokhu kusho ukuthi inhliziyo ithola umoya-mpilo kanye nezakhamzimba ezengeziwe.
- Uma inhliziyo ifinyela futhi ipompa igazi liye emzimbeni: Ama-ventricle ayaphuma . Lokhu kudala i-vacuum encane ngaphakathi komthambo wegazi oyinhloko, kunciphisa ukumelana nekhono lenhliziyo lokupompa igazi. Lokhu kusho ukuthi inhliziyo ingapompa igazi kalula ngaphandle kokusebenza kanzima.
Leli bhaluni lilawulwa kahle yikhompyutha enamathiselwe kulo, eqapha ukushaya kwenhliziyo yakho futhi ilungise ukusebenza kwebhaluni ngokufanele.
Kudingeka nini i-IABP?
Udokotela unquma ukusebenzisa le divayisi ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu lapho inhliziyo ingakwazi ukusebenza yodwa. Ake sibone ukuthi yiziphi lezo zimo.
| Isimo sezokwelapha | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| Ukushaqeka Kwenhliziyo | Isimo esibi kakhulu lapho inhliziyo ingakwazi ukupompa igazi elanele emzimbeni ngenxa yesizathu esinjengokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo. |
| Ukuvuvukala kwemisipha yenhliziyo (i-Myocarditis) | Ukuvuvukala kanye nobuthakathaka bemisipha yenhliziyo ngenxa yesizathu esinjengokutheleleka ngegciwane. |
| Ngemva kokuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo | Ngemva kokuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo okuyinkimbinkimbi, njengokusekelwa kuze kube yilapho inhliziyo ilulama. |
| I-Angina Engazinzile | Ubuhlungu obukhulu besifuba obungalawulwa ngemithi futhi bungaba ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo nganoma yisiphi isikhathi. |
Ingabe bakhona abantu abangafaneleki ngale ndlela yokwelapha?
Yebo. Akuwona wonke umuntu ongakwenza lokhu kwelashwa. Akusetshenziselwa abantu abanezimo ezithile zezokwelapha. Isibonelo:
- I-Aortic Aneurysm noma Ukuhlukaniswa Kwemithambo Yegazi
- Ukubuyela kwe-aorta kwenzeka lapho ivalvu ye-aorta ingavaleki kahle futhi igazi ligeleza libuyela emuva.
- I-sepsis engalawulwa (ukutheleleka okukhulu okungenakulawuleka)
Odokotela bazokuhlola ngokucophelela ukuze banqume ukuthi unalezi zimo noma cha ngaphambi kokunquma ukwelashwa kwe-IABP.
Uyifaka kanjani le bhaluni emzimbeni?
Lokhu kuvame ukwenziwa egumbini lezimo eziphuthumayo esibhedlela (i-ETU), egunjini lokunakekela abagula kakhulu (i-ICU), noma egumbini lokuhlinza. Kwenziwa ngokukwenza ungazi lutho (ukudambisa i-anesthesia) noma ngokufaka izinzwa endaweni okukhulunywa ngayo kuphela.
1. Ukufaka i-catheter: Udokotela ufaka ithubhu elincane (i-catheter) emthanjeni wegazi omkhulu embotsheni yakho.
2. Ukuthumela ibhaluni: Ibhaluni eliphumile lithunyelwa ngaleyo payipi liye enhliziyweni.
3. Ukubeka kahle: Kusetshenziswa ubuchwepheshe obufana ne-X-ray, idivayisi ibekwa endaweni efanele ngqo emthanjeni oyinhloko womzimba, i-aorta.
4. Ukuxhuma emshinini: Bese kuthi ithubhu elikwelinye icala lebhaluni lixhunywe emshinini wekhompyutha esikhulume ngawo ngaphambili.
Kungani kusetshenziswa igesi ye-helium kulokhu?
Lena inkinga ebaluleke kakhulu. I-Helium isetshenziselwa ukufutha nokudiliza amabhaluni. Isizathu salokhu ukuthi i-helium iyigesi elula kakhulu, engasebenzi. Uma inani elincane legesi elivela ebhaluni lingavuza egazini, i-helium ngeke ibangele umonakalo omkhulu. Kodwa uma sisebenzisa into efana nomoya esiwuphefumulayo, ingakha amabhamuza omoya futhi ivimbe imithambo yegazi (i-Air Embolism). Lokho kuyingozi kakhulu. Yingakho i-helium isetshenziselwa ukuphepha.
Kwenzekani ngemva kokwelashwa? Ingabe zikhona izingozi?
Ngemva kokufakwa kwe-IABP, kuzodingeka uhlale embhedeni. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukugcina umlenze onebhaluni uqondile, ngoba uma ugoba, ibhaluni lingase lihambe. Futhi, izinto zokunciphisa igazi ezifana ne -heparin zivame ukunikezwa ukuvimbela amahlule egazi.
Njengakuzo zonke izindlela zokwelapha, kunezingozi ezithile ezihilelekile. Kodwa khumbula, lokhu kusetshenziswa kuphela uma kudingeka ngempela ukusindisa impilo.
- Izingozi: Ukopha, ukutheleleka, ukulimala komthambo wegazi, ukuqhuma kwebhaluni (okungavamile kakhulu), noma ukulimala kwezitho zomzimba ezifana nezinso ezivela ebhaluni lapho zisendaweni engafanele.
- Inzuzo eyinhloko: Lokhu kungasindisa impilo yakho. Uma kwenzeka uhlaselwa yinhliziyo, kusiza ukugcina igazi ligeleza emzimbeni wonke.
Qaphela lezi zimpawu ngemva kokwelashwa
Ngokuvamile, ngemva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa, lapho isimo senhliziyo sithuthuka, odokotela banciphisa kancane kancane ukusebenza kwebhaluni bese bebona ukuthi inhliziyo ingakwazi yini ukusebenza yodwa. Uma konke kuhamba kahle, ibhaluni liyasuswa.
Uma uya ekhaya ngemva kokwelashwa, kufanele ukhulume nodokotela wakho futhi ubazise uma ubona noma yiziphi izimpawu zezinkinga. Qaphela kakhulu lezi zimpawu ezilandelayo:
- Ukuvuvukala okukhulu kanye nokubomvu endaweni lapho ibhaluni lifakwe khona.
- Umkhuhlane ngaphandle kwesizathu.
- Ukuzizwa sengathi inhliziyo yakho ishaya ngokushesha (ukushaya kwenhliziyo).
- Ubunzima obandayo bokuphefumula (ukuphelelwa umoya).
- Ukuvuvukala ezindaweni ezinjengamaqakala nezandla.
- Isisindo esingaphezu kwama-2-3 kg singakapheli isonto.
Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yini efana nale, yazisa udokotela wakho ngokushesha.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Intra-Aortic Balloon Pump (IABP) iyithuluzi lebhaluni elisetshenziswa okwesikhashana ukusekela inhliziyo uma ibuthakathaka kakhulu.
- Lokhu kuyakhula futhi kunciphe ngokuvumelana nokushaya kwenhliziyo, kunciphisa umthwalo womsebenzi enhliziyweni futhi kunikeze igazi elengeziwe emisipheni yenhliziyo.
- Lokhu kuyindlela yokwelapha esindisa impilo futhi ivame ukusetshenziswa izinsuku ezimbalwa esibhedlela.
- Kubalulekile ukulandela imiyalelo yezokwelapha ngokucophelela ngesikhathi nangemva kwalokhu kwelashwa.
- Uma kuvela izimpawu ezingavamile, yazisa udokotela wakho ngokushesha.
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