Uyafuna ukwazi nge-malignant neoplasm? Ungesabi, ake sixoxe ngalokhu kalula!

Ngezinye izikhathi singathola okuthile emzimbeni wethu esingakulindele, njengesigaxa esincane, noma singase sibe nezimpawu ezingavamile ezingavamile. Ngezikhathi ezinjalo, kuvamile ukuzizwa wesaba kancane. Ngezikhathi ezinjalo, ungase uzwe namagama athi "I-Malignant Neoplasm". Ngakho-ke, ake sixoxe ngalokhu namuhla ngendlela elula, ngendlela ongayiqonda.

Iyini i-neoplasm ebulalayo?

Kalula nje, i-malignant neoplasm elinye igama le-bump eyakhiwa yiqoqo lamaseli anomdlavuza. Igama elithi "neoplasm" lapha libhekisela ekukhuleni okungavamile kwezicubu. Igama elithi "Malignant" lisho ukuthi i-bump inomdlavuza, okusho ukuthi ingasakazeka (i-metastasize) kusukela lapho yaqala khona ukuya kwezinye izindawo.

Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-neoplasm nomdlavuza?

Cabanga ngakho, i-neoplasm, njengoba ngishilo, iwukukhula okungavamile kwezicubu. Kungaba nezinhlobo ezimbili zalokhu.

• Ama-neoplasm angewona abangela umdlavuza: Lawa awawona umdlavuza. Esikhathini esiningi, akhula ngokwawo futhi awasabalali kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba.
• Ama-neoplasm ayingozi: Lawa abangela umdlavuza. Ngokuvamile akhula ngokushesha futhi angangena futhi asakazekele kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba.

Ngakho-ke ingabe i-neoplasm ebulalayo iyafana nomdlavuza?

Yebo, kunjalo. I-malignant neoplasm uhlobo lomdlavuza. Kodwa khumbula, akuzona zonke izimila eziwumdlavuza. Izimila ezingemnandi aziwona umdlavuza.

Ubani othinteka kakhulu yilesi simo?

Ama-neoplasm ayingozi, njengezinhlobo eziningi zomdlavuza, cishe athinta abantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engu-65. Kodwa-ke, lokho akusho ukuthi abantu abasebasha abakwazi ukuwathola. Abantu banoma yimuphi ubudala bangathola lesi simo.

Yiziphi izinhlobo zama-neoplasms abulalayo?

Lezi zimila ezinomdlavuza empeleni zingakhula noma kuphi emizimbeni yethu. Kunezinhlobo ezinhlanu eziyinhloko zama-neoplasm abulalayo. Ake sibheke ukuthi ziyini.

Izinhlobo ze-Carcinoma

Lolu uhlobo lomdlavuza oluvame kakhulu. Cishe u-90% wazo zonke izinhlobo zomdlavuza ungowalolu hlobo. I-carcinoma ivela ezicutshini zethu ze-epithelial . Kalula nje, lokhu kuvela ezicutshini ezimboze ubuso besikhumba sethu noma izitho zangaphakathi.

• Izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu ze-carcinoma yilezi: isikhumba, ibele, i-prostate, isinye, umlomo wesibeletho, i-endometrium, amaphaphu, ikholoni kanye ne-rectum.

Izinhlobo ze-Sarcoma

Lolu hlobo lomdlavuza luqala ezikhathini zethu.Izicubu ezixhumene. Okusho ukuthi, ezivela ezindaweni ezifana namathambo, i-cartilage, imisipha, imisipha, kanye nezicubu ezinamafutha. Ama-Sarcoma avame kakhulu kubantu abasebasha kunezinye izinhlobo eziningi zomdlavuza. Phakathi kwawo, i-sarcoma yezicubu ezithambile iyona evame kakhulu.

Izinhlobo ze-Myeloma

Lokhu kubizwa nangokuthi i-Multiple Myeloma . Lolu hlobo lomdlavuza lukhula emaseli e-plasma emnkantsheni wethu wamathambo. Lawa maseli e-plasma awuhlobo lweseli elingaphansi kwesimiso sethu somzimba sokuzivikela. I-Myeloma inezigaba ezimbili eziyinhloko: isigaba sangaphambi komdlavuza (esishunqayo) kanye nesigaba somdlavuza (esisebenzayo).

I-Leukemia (umdlavuza wegazi)

Lokhu kubizwa nangokuthi umdlavuza wegazi . I-leukemia nayo ingumdlavuza okhula emnkantsheni wamathambo. Lesi sifo sibangela ukukhiqizwa ngokweqile kwamaseli egazi angakavuthwa. Lokhu kungabangela izinto ezifana ne -anemia , ukukhathala, kanye nezinkinga zokujiya kwegazi.

Izinhlobo ze-Lymphoma

Lolu hlobo lomdlavuza luvela ezindlaleni noma kuma-node ohlelweni lwethu lwe-lymphatic . I-Lymphoma ingavela noma kuphi emzimbeni. Kodwa ivame ukuvela njengeqhubu entanyeni, emakhwapheni, noma endukwini.

Ingabe umdlavuza ungasakazekela ebuchosheni?

Yebo, ngezinye izikhathi ama-neoplasm anobungozi angasakazeka ebuchosheni. Izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu zomdlavuza ezisakazeka ebuchosheni umdlavuza webele, wesikhumba (ikakhulukazi i-melanoma ), wamaphaphu, wamathumbu amakhulu kanye nowezinso. Kodwa-ke, ama-tumor obuchopho asakazeka kaningi awavamile.

Ziyini izimpawu zalesi simo?

Izimpawu zomuntu onesifo esibi zivame ukuhlukahluka kuye ngokuthi isimila sikuphi.

• Isibonelo, umuntu onesifo esibi sesifuba angase abe nobuhlungu besifuba noma ukuphuma okungavamile engonweni.
• Umuntu onomdlavuza wamathumbu angase abe nobuhlungu besisu kanye noshintsho lwendle (njengohudo).
• Umuntu onomdlavuza wesikhumba angase abe nezilonda noma amabala esikhumba.

Izimpawu ezivame ukubonakala

Kunezinye izimpawu eziningana ezivamile kubantu abanalezi ziqhubu zomdlavuza:

• Ukukhathala njalo.
• Ukuphelelwa umoya.
• I-anemia.
• Uhudo.
• Ukwehlisa isisindo ngaphandle kwesizathu.
• Ukujuluka ebusuku okumanzi.
• Amaqhubu noma ukuvuvukala okungavamile emzimbeni.

Yiziphi izimbangela ze-neoplasm enobungozi?

Siyazi ukuthi lezi zimila ezinomdlavuza zibangelwa ukukhula nokuhlukana kwamangqamuzana ngokushesha kunalokho okufanele. Kodwa-ke, ochwepheshe abakaqiniseki ukuthi kungani lokhu kwenzeka kwasekuqaleni.

Kodwa-ke, kuye kwatholakala izici eziningana ezibangela ingozi yokuthuthukisa lesi sifo esibi:

• Ukubhema.
• Izakhi zofuzo.
• Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile.
• Ukusetshenziswa kotshwala ngokweqile.
• Ukuchayeka kumakhemikhali anobuthi.
• Ukuchayeka kakhulu emisebeni.
• Ukuchayeka kakhulu emisebeni ye-UV evela elangeni.

Lawa maseli omdlavuza asakazeka kanjani emzimbeni wonke? (I-Metastasis)

Amaseli omdlavuza angaqhekeka lapho akheke khona okokuqala, ahambe egazini noma ohlelweni lwe-lymph, bese akha amathumba amasha kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-metastasis , noma ukusabalala komdlavuza.

Ungasithola kanjani lesi sifo? (Ukuxilongwa)

Udokotela wakho angase asole umdlavuza ngemva kokuhlolwa okuvamile, isibonelo , i-mammogram noma i-colonoscopy .

Ezimweni eziningi, kudingeka i-biopsy ukuze kutholakale ukuthi iqhubu alinabungozi noma liyingozi, okusho ukuthi linomdlavuza. I-biopsy ihilela ukuthatha ingxenye encane yezicubu eqhubu bese uyihlola ngaphansi kwe-microscope.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, udokotela angenza nokuhlolwa okuhlukahlukene kwezithombe, njenge- MRI, i-CT scan, noma i-PET scans .

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha?

Indlela yokwelapha incike ezintweni eziningana, njengohlobo lomdlavuza, ubukhulu besimila, nokuthi ngabe sisakazekele kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba.

Ukuhlinzwa

Uma isimila sincane futhi sisalokhu sihlala endaweni eyodwa, singasuswa ngokuhlinzwa. Udokotela ohlinzayo ususa sonke isimila, kanye nenani elincane lezicubu ezinempilo ezizungezile. Kodwa-ke, uma umdlavuza ususakazekele kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba, ukuhlinzwa ngokuvamile akwenzeki.

Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali

Lokhu kuhilela ukunikeza imithi ebulala amangqamuzana omdlavuza. Lawa angathathwa njengamaphilisi noma anikezwe nge-IV line , njenge - saline, emthanjeni osengalweni yakho.Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali kubulala amangqamuzana omdlavuza futhi kuwavimbele ukuthi azalane. Lokhu kwelashwa kusetshenziselwa kokubili umdlavuza oyinhloko ongakasabalali, kanye nomdlavuza osakazeke kakhulu. Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali kungasetshenziswa wedwa noma kuhlanganiswe nezinye izindlela zokwelapha, njengokuhlinzwa kanye nokwelashwa ngemisebe.

Ukwelashwa Ngemisebe

Ukwelashwa ngemisebe kusebenzisa imisebe yamandla enamandla aphezulu ukubulala amangqamuzana omdlavuza. Kule nqubo, imisebe yamandla aphezulu iqondiswe ngqo esigaxeni. Ngezinye izikhathi, ukwelashwa ngemisebe kusetshenziswa ukunciphisa isigaxa ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa. Kuphinde kusetshenziswe ukubulala noma yimaphi amangqamuzana omdlavuza angase asale ngemva kokuhlinzwa.

Ukwelashwa Kwemithi Okuqondiwe

Ukwelashwa ngemithi okuqondiwe kusebenza ngokuhlasela amaprotheni alawula indlela amangqamuzana omdlavuza akhula, ahlukane, futhi asakazeke ngayo. I-U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) ivumile lezi zindlela zokwelapha eziqondiwe zezinhlobo zomdlavuza ezingaphezu kuka-15. Lokhu kufaka phakathi umdlavuza wamaphaphu, webele, wamathumbu amakhulu kanye nowendlala. Lokhu kwelashwa kuvame ukuhlanganiswa nokwelashwa ngamakhemikhali noma ngemisebe.

Ingabe ikhona imiphumela emibi yokwelashwa?

Uma welashwa umdlavuza, ungase ube nemiphumela ethile emibi . Le miphumela emibi ingahluka kuye ngohlobo lokwelashwa olutholayo nokuthi umzimba wakho usabela kanjani kukho. Eminye yemiphumela emibi noma izinkinga ezivame kakhulu zifaka:

• Ukulahlekelwa yisifiso sokudla.
• Uhudo.
• Ukuqunjelwa.
• Ukukhathala komdlavuza.
• Isicanucanu nokuhlanza.
• Ukulahlekelwa izinwele.
• Izimpawu ezifana nomkhuhlane.
• Izinkinga zokuzala.
• Ubuhlungu.

Into ebalulekile ukuthi le miphumela emibi ayifani kuwo wonke umuntu. Abanye abantu bangase bayizwe kabi kakhulu, kanti abanye bangase bangayizwa nhlobo. Ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho ngalokhu.

Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukululama ngemva kokwelashwa?

Isikhathi sokululama siyahlukahluka kakhulu kumuntu nomuntu. Kuye ngesimo sakho, kungathatha noma yikuphi kusukela ezinyangeni ezimbalwa kuya eminyakeni embalwa ukululama ngokuphelele ekwelashweni komdlavuza.

Kungenzeka yini ukuzivikela ngokuphelele kulesi simo?

Ayikho indlela yokuzivikela ngokuphelele ezifweni ezibulalayo. Kodwa-ke, kunezinto ezithile ongazenza ukuze unciphise ingozi yakho :

• Gwema ukubhema.
• Vikela isikhumba sakho uma uphuma ngaphandle (sebenzisa isivikelo selanga, njll.).
• Nciphisa inani lotshwala oluphuzayo.
• Yidla ukudla okunempilo, uvivinye umzimba njalo, futhi ulondoloze indlela yokuphila enempilo.
• Ungaphuthelwa ukuhlolwa komdlavuza okuhleliwe , njenge-colonoscopy kanye ne-mammogram.

Yini okufanele ngiyenze uma ngithola ukuthi ngine-neoplasm ebulalayo?

Uma kutholakala ukuthi unesifo esibulalayo, udokotela wakho uzosebenza nawe ukuthuthukisa uhlelo lokwelashwa olukufanele. Izinketho zokwelapha zincike ezicini ezifana nohlobo lomdlavuza onalo, ukuthi ususakazeke yini, impilo yakho iyonke, kanye nezintandokazi zakho. Ungakhathazeki, odokotela bakho bazokusiza.

Ingabe lesi yisifo esingelapheka?

Izinhlobo eziningi zama-neoplasm abulalayo zingelapheka noma zilawulwe ngempumelelo ngokwelashwa okufanele. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi uma isimila sitholakala ngokushesha, singelashwa ngempumelelo. Ngakho-ke, ukuxilongwa kusenesikhathi kuyisihluthulelo.

Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela?

Uma ubona noma yiziphi izimpawu ezikukhathazayo, njengobuhlungu, iqhubu elingavamile, noma ukwehla kwesisindo okungachazeki, bona udokotela ngokushesha. Udokotela wakho angenza izivivinyo ukuze athole imbangela yezimpawu zakho.

Uma usuvele welashwa i-neoplasm ebulalayo, shayela udokotela wakho ngokushesha uma uzwa ubuhlungu obukhulu noma izimpawu ezintsha .

Yimiphi imibuzo ebalulekile okufanele uyibuze udokotela?

Ukuqonda okuningi ngangokunokwenzeka mayelana nokuxilongwa kwakho kuzokusiza ukuthi wenze izinqumo ezinolwazi mayelana nempilo yakho yesikhathi eside. Uma kutholakale ukuthi unesifo esibulalayo, nansi eminye imibuzo ongase ufune ukuyibuza udokotela wakho:

• Nginaluphi uhlobo lwe-neoplasm enobungozi?
• Likuphi iqhubu?
• Ingabe iqhubu lisabalele?
• Isifo sami sikusiphi isigaba?
• Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha enginazo?
• Ngizokwazi yini ukuya emsebenzini noma esikoleni ngenkathi ngithola ukwelashwa?
• Ukwelashwa kwami ​​kuzothatha isikhathi esingakanani?
• Lingakanani izinga lokusinda kwabantu abasesimweni sami?
• Ingabe ikhona eminye imithombo lapho ngingathola khona ulwazi olwengeziwe?

Ekugcineni, Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya

Ukuthola ukuthi unesifo esibi, noma isimila esinomdlavuza, kungaba yinto eyesabekayo nethusayo. La mathumba angakhula futhi asakazeke ngokushesha. Ngakho-ke,Uma uqala ukwelashwa ngokushesha, kungcono.

Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi izinhlobo eziningi zama-neoplasm abulalayo zingaphathwa ngempumelelo. Ngaphezu kokusebenza nodokotela wakho we-oncologist , kungumqondo omuhle futhi ukukhuluma nesisebenzi sezenhlalakahle noma umeluleki ongakusiza ukubhekana nohlangothi lwemizwa lokuxilongwa kwakho. Futhi, abantu abaningi bathola amaqembu okusekelana ewusizo kakhulu. Ukukhuluma nabanye abadlula kokuhlangenwe nakho okufanayo nawe kungaba usizo kakhulu empilweni yakho yengqondo, yemizwa, nengokomoya. Khumbula, awuwedwa.

` Izimila ezibulalayo, umdlavuza, amaqhubu anomdlavuza, izinhlobo zomdlavuza, izimpawu zomdlavuza, ukwelashwa komdlavuza, ukuvimbela umdlavuza